脑内高铁在帕金森病病因中的作用

对帕金森病的病理研究发现黑质内存在的氧化应激状态是由于铁在黑质致密带多巴胺能神经元内选择性堆积的结果。实验已证实铁负载引起的氧化应激导致的生化变化与帕金森病黑质内的改变是一致的。黑质内注射铁可选择性损伤多巴胺能神经元，模拟帕金森病的生化及行为改变。最近对6-羟基多巴的神经毒性与其能从铁蛋白中释放铁的有关研究，     

快速周期伏安法在体研究引起尾壳核多巴胺释放的刺激参数

①目的研究刺激多巴胺神经纤维引起纹状体尾壳核（ＣＰｕ）多巴胺（ＤＡ）释放的最佳刺激参数。②方法用快速周期伏安法，以碳纤维微电极直接在体研究不同参数刺激大鼠黑质－纹状体ＤＡ能神经通路前脑内侧束（ＭＦＢ）对尾壳核ＤＡ释放浓度的影响，对结果行单、双因素方差分析统计学处理。③结果当给予０．３～２．５ｍＡ的刺激强度时（６０Ｈｚ，４０次脉冲，０．２ｍｓ波宽方波），以１．５～２．０ｍＡ引起ＤＡ释放浓度最高；当给予５～２５０次脉冲串刺激时（６０Ｈｚ，２．０ｍＡ，０．２ｍｓ波宽方波），以２００～２５０次脉冲引起ＤＡ释放达最大量；当给予１０～５００Ｈｚ频率的刺激时（２．０ｍＡ，２００次脉冲，０．２ｍｓ波宽方波），引起ＤＡ释放的最大刺激频率为１２５Ｈｚ．④结论方波电刺激大鼠ＭＦＢ引起的纹状体尾壳核ＤＡ释放有强度、脉冲和频率依赖性，从而为进一步研究ＣＰｕ的ＤＡ代谢提供可靠的电刺激参数     

下丘脑弓状核注射神经降压素的镇痛效应及机制探讨

采用微量注射法,对37只大鼠进行了实验观察.结果如下:①下丘脑弓状核(ARC)注射神经降压素(NT)可使甩尾反应潜伏期(TFL)或痛阈显著升高.对照组注射生理盐水,TFL无明显变化.②ARC先注射纳洛酮,再注射NT,TFL变化值与单纯注射NT组相比明显下降.③ARC注射β-内啡肽(β-End)抗血清,再注射NT,TFL显著下降.④ARC注射生理盐水不影响注射NT的镇痛效应.上述结果表明,大鼠ARC注射NT可产生明显的镇痛效应,该效应可被ARC预先注射纳洛酮或β-内啡肽抗血清翻转,提示NT在ARC的镇痛作用,部分是由β-End介导的.     

黑质内注射FeCl3对大鼠纹状体多巴胺释放量及含量的影响

①目的探讨黑质(SN)内注射不同剂量的FeCl3对大鼠纹状体(CPu)多巴胺(DA)释放量和含量的影响.②方法实验用SD大鼠32只,分成4组6只大鼠为正常对照组;9只大鼠左侧SN内注射 FeCl3溶液10 μg(Ⅰ组);8只大鼠左侧SN内注射FeCl3溶液20 μg(Ⅱ组);9只大鼠左侧SN内注射FeCl3溶液40 μg(Ⅲ组),3周后采用快速周期伏安法(FCV)监测纹状体D A的释放量,高效液相色谱法(HPLC)检测纹状体DA含量.③结果在FeCl3单侧损毁大鼠中,损毁侧CPu DA释放量的减少和DA含量的降低与注射FeCl3剂量之间有明显剂量依赖关系(F=93.78,164.51,q=3.50～29.79,P<0.05).Ⅲ组损毁侧CP u DA的更新率[以(DOPAC+HVA)/DA表示]明显加快,与其他组比较差异有显著性(F=13 6.22,q=22.32～22.72,P<0.05);而Ⅰ,Ⅱ组变化较小,与正常大鼠相比差别无统计学意义 (q=0.25,2.04,P>0.05).④结论黑质内Fe3+含量升高可使CPu内DA释放量和含量均降低,铁含量高可能参与帕金森病的病理改变.     

快速周期伏安法在体研究引起尾壳核多巴胺释放的刺激参数

研究刺激多巴胺神经纤维引起民纹状体尾壳核多巴胺释放的最佳刺激参数。方法用快速周期２伏安法，以碳纤维微电极直接在体偿同参刺激大鼠黑质－纹状体ＤＡ能神经通路前脑内侧束对尾壳核ＤＡ释放浓度的影响，对结果行单，双因素方差分析统计学处理。     

Solid-phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatographic determination of articainic and its metabolite articainic acid in human serum

A new method is described using solid-phase extraction (SPE) for preconcentration of articaine and the metabolite articainic acid and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the determination of both compounds in human serum. Articaine and articainic acid were extracted in one step with SDB-RPS disk cartridges after precipitation of the serum proteins by perchloric acid. The HPLC separation was then performed on a reversed-phase C8 column using phosphate buffer-acetonitrile (88:12, v/v). UV absorption at 274 nm was used for measuring the analytes with a low limit of quantitation of about 10 ng/ml, which is appropriate for pharmacokinetic studies of low dose submucosal injections of the local anaesthetic agent articaine hydrochloride in dentistry.     

应用雷公藤多甙片治疗肾炎的临床观察

雷公藤多甙片是从中药雷公藤中反复精制而成。质量稳定,具有很强的抗炎作用,并能抑制体液免疫和细胞免痤反应,是冶疗肾脏疾病十分有效的药物。近几年,笔将其应用于临床治疗蛋白尿,观察如下。     

“Schlafattacken” bei Parkinson-Patienten Eine Nebenwirkung von Nonergolin-Dopaminagonisten oder ein Klasseneffekt von Dopamimetika?

Recently, sudden "sleep attacks" have been described in parkinsonian patients taking the nonergoline dopamine agonists pramipexole and ropinirole. Due to this possible side effect, patients must be instructed not to drive vehicles and to refrain from other activities carrying the risk of self-injury. However, the very existence of sleep attacks remains controversial in sleep medicine, since a gradual transition from wakefulness to sleep is normally observed. Accordingly, sudden onset of sleep, e.g., in narcolepsy or sleep apnea syndrome, is usually associated with excessive daytime sleepiness. Prevalence of sleep disorders and daytime sleepiness have been shown to be increased in Parkinson's disease. Nonergoline dopamine agonists are already known to induce somnolence. Currently, it is not predictable whether sleep attacks represent a sudden transition from wakefulness to sleep or result from an increased propensity to fall asleep, with patients perceiving a sudden onset. Possible pathophysiological mechanisms and legal implications of sleep attacks are discussed.