Contrast-induced nephropathy after a second percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with chronic kidney disease

Background Data are limited regarding the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) for patients after the second contrast exposure. Objective To examine the risk of CIN after the second contrast exposure in patients of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods Patients of ACS scheduled for a second elective PCI. Patients were required to have an estimated creatinine clearance (CrCl) between 15 and 60 ml/min. The value of serum creatinin (sCr) prior to the second contrast exp...     

Relation between pre-procedural glucose levels and incidence of major adverse cardiac events in chronic kidney disease patients without established diabetes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Background It is well known that there was a significant link between preprocedural blood glucose levels and short-term and long-term adverse outcomes in patients undergoing elective PCI. However, the role of pre-procedural blood glucose levels as a predictor of adverse events in CKD patients who underwent PCI out of established diabetes has yet to be identified. Methods In our study, we conducted a prospective study of 331 acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients with CKD who underwent PCI out of established diabetes. Patients were divided into two groups based on pre-procedural glucose levels (hypoglycemia < 7.0 mmol/L; hyperglycemia ≥ 7.0 mmol/L). All patients were followed up prospectively for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and mortality for 6 months. Results In our cohort, hyperglycemia patients reported a higher incidence of in-hospital mortality than hypoglycemia patients (7.5% vs. 0%, P < 0.001). Hyperglycemia patients reported a significantly higher rate of 6-month MACEs (10% vs. 2.4%, P = 0.007), all cause mortality (7.5% vs. 1.6%, P = 0.015), and cardiovascular mortality (6.2%vs 1.6%, P = 0.041) compared with hypoglycemia patients with pre-procedural glucose levels < 7.0 mmol/L. Multivariate analysis disclosed that a pre-procedural glucose level ≥7.0 mmol/L was a significant independent predictor of MACEs (OR = 2.53, 95% CI 1.68-17.15, P = 0.004), all cause mortality(OR = 4.6, 95% CI 1.10-18.84, P = 0.036), and cardiovascular mortality(OR = 6.2, 95% CI 1.53-24.94, P = 0.011) at 6 months in patients after PCI. Conclusion The study suggested that pre-procedural glucose levels are associated with short-term cardiovascular outcome CKD patients who underwent PCI without established diabetes in the setting of ACS.     

慢性肾病患者冠状动脉介入治疗术前血糖水平与对比剂肾病的关系

目的 评价未确诊糖尿病的慢性肾病（CKD）患者冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术前血糖水平与对比剂肾病（CIN）的相关性.方法 入选331例行PCI术的未确诊糖尿病（指无糖尿病或入院前已存在糖尿病但未经诊断和治疗）肌酐清除率在15 ～ 60 ml/min的急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）患者.根据PCI术前血糖水平将患者分为＜6.1 mmol/L,6.1～ 7.8 mmol/L,7.9 ～ 11.0 mmol/L和≥11.1 mmol/L四组.用Logistic回归分析评价PCI术前血糖水平与其他重要危险因素.CIN定义为对比剂接触后48 ～ 72 h内血清肌酐较基础值升高≥0.5 mg/dl.结果 CIN发生率随PCI术前血糖水平的增高而增加,四个从低到高血糖组的CIN发生率分别为：5.0％,9.0％,11.6％和30.0％ （P=0.004）.调整混杂因素后Logistic多元回归分析显示,PCI术前高血糖明显增加患者CIN的发生风险[与＜6.1 mmol/L组相比,三个从低到高血糖组的OR（95％CI）分别为1.91（0.65 ～5.64）,2.42（0.72 ～8.12）,11.31（2.13 ～60.03）]和6个月死亡率[与＜6.1 mmol/L组相比,三个从低到高血糖组的OR（95％ CI）分别为2.23（2.29 ～17.22）,9.52（1.53 ～59.21）,40.13（4.71 ～342.29）].结论 未确诊糖尿病并CKD的ACS患者PCI术前血糖水平与CIN及6个月死亡率密切相关,控制术前血糖水平可能会降低CIN及死亡风险.     

血清胱抑素C对急性心力衰竭患者早期急性肾损伤的诊断价值

目的 评价血清胱抑素C(Cys C)对急性心力衰竭(AHF)患者早期急性肾损伤(AKI)的诊断价值.方法 93例AHF患者,测定入院时及入院治疗后48 h时血清Cys C.评估血Cys C水平对AKI的诊断价值.结果 入院时93例AHF患者血清Cys C水平为(1.27±0.51)mg/L,入院治疗后48 h时血清Cys C升高≥0.3 mg/L有20例.受试者工作特征曲线分析显示Cys C升高≥0.3 mg/L是预测AKI的最佳切割点,曲线下面积为0.88,敏感性和特异性分别为81.8％,86.6％.结论 血清Cys C对诊断AHF患者早期AKI有一定的价值.     

双腔起搏器治疗缓慢性心律失常15例临床分析

对于缓慢性心律失常患者而言，植入永久性起搏器是其唯一有效的方法。随着起搏器技术的不断发展，双腔起搏器（DDD）因其使心房和心室能顺序起搏，合乎心脏生理要求，受到了医生和患者欢迎。本研究分析我院行DDD植入15例患者临床资料，旨在探讨其疗效和并发症，为临床进一步推广DDD提供依据。     

Volume-to-creatinine clearance ratio:a predictor for contrast-induced nephropathy in chronic kidney disease after primary percutaneous coronary intervention

Background The volume of contrast media to the creatinine clearance(V/CrCl)ratio has been shown to correlate with the contrast-induced nephropathy(CIN).The chronic kidney disease(CKD)patients would be more likely to develop CIN after primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Objective To determine a relatively safe V/CrCl cutoff value to avoid CIN in CKD patients undergoing primary PCI.Methods We enrolled a total of 114 patients with CKD and calculated V/CrCl.Receiver-operator characteristic methods were used to identify the optimal sensitivity and specificity for the observed range of V/CrCl for CIN.We used multivariable logistic regression to assess the predictive value of V/CrCl for the risk of CIN in CKD patients.Results Overall,there were 24 cases(21%)of CIN.The baseline mean and median V/CrCl values were significantly greater among patients with CIN(mean 5.08 ± 2.01,median 4.81,and interquartile range 3.53-6.33)than among those without CIN(mean 3.35 ± 1.48,median 3.12,and interquartile range 2.27-4.14,P < 0.001).The receiver-operator characteristic curve analysis indicated that a V/CrCl ratio of 3.62 was a fair discriminator for CIN(C-statistic of 0.75)in CKD patients.After adjusting for other known predictors of CIN,a V/CrCl ratio>3.62 remained significantly associated with CIN in CKD patients(odds ratio 8.46,95% confidence interval 2.37-30.19,P < 0.001).Conclusions AV/CrCl ratio>3.62 is a simple,useful indicator for determining the safe contrast medium dose based on the pre-PCI CrCl values in CKDs.[S Chin J Cardiol 2011;12(3):147-155]     

风湿性心脏病心力衰竭28例诊断与治疗探讨

目的探讨28例风湿性心脏病心力衰竭的诊断和治疗方法。方法对我院在2012年2月至2012年10月收治的28例风湿性心脏病心力衰竭患者在常规治疗基础上使用多巴胺、呋塞米和硝酸甘油合剂进行治疗作为治疗组,同时期对之前使用常规治疗方法的28例患者进行回顾性分析作为对照组。结果治疗组患者治疗效果的总有效率为89.3%,对照组患者的总有效率为67.9%,两组间的差异性具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用多巴胺、呋塞米和硝酸甘油合剂对风湿性心脏病心力衰竭患者进行治疗取得的临床治疗效果显著,明显改善了患者的心功能效果,值得广泛应用。     

辛伐他汀对冠心病合并心力衰竭30例疗效观察

目的观察辛伐他汀对冠心病心合并力衰竭患者的疗效。方法将60例冠心病合并心力衰竭患者随机分为观察组和对照组各30例,对照组仅给予基础治疗,观察组在基础治疗的基础上加服辛伐他汀10mg/d,治疗前及治疗后3个月时测定血清TC、LDL-C和CRP水平,采用超声心动图测量左室射血分数（LVEF）,并进行6min步行试验（6MWT）。结果两组患者治疗后3个月后心功能指标（LVEF和6MWT）及血清TC、LDL-C合CRP水平均较治疗前明显改善,但两组间各指标差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论冠心病心力衰竭患者在基础治疗中加用辛伐他汀,可以进一步改善血脂和心功能。