Influence of Mechanical Pressure to Change of Transcutaneous CO2 Emission by Acupuncture

Objective: In the authors' previous study, acupuncture had an effect along meridians. The effect ofacupuncture can be represented by local energy metabolism which can be expressed by transcutaneous CO2 emission (TCE). To study the transportation of the effect of acupuncture and the influence to the transportation when blocking the meridians, the following experiment was carried out. Methods: Twenty healthy volunteers (male 8, female 12, average age 29) were examined on pericardium meridian at points between Quze (PC 3) and Tianquan (PC 2) (Point a), between Ximen (PC 4) and Quze (PC 3) (Point b), two control points (c and d) beside a and b and Quze (PC 3). TCE was measured on these five points before, during and after acupuncturing Neiguan (PC 6) by a high sensitive CO2 instrument (Frewil-Q.F., made in China). Mechanical pressure of 1 kg (2 cm～ 1 cm area) was given on Ximen (PC 4) or Daling (PC 7) during the acupuncture and TCE were measured before acupuncture, during acupuncture and mechanical pressing, withdrawing acupuncture but keeping pressing and after withdrawing the pressure. Results: TCE increased significantly on point a, b and Quze (PC 3) during and after acupuncture without mechanical press. When mechanical press was given at Ximen (PC 4), no significantly increase was found on above three points during and after acupuncture. When pressing Daling (PC 7), there was still significant (P<0.05) increase at Quz～ (PC 3) and point during acupuncture and significant increase (P<0.05) at point b after acupuncuture while pressing was kept. Conclusion: Acupuncture can enhance the energy metabolism expressed by TCE along meridians and this effect can be eliminated by mechanical pressing along meridians on the way between acupuncture point and measured point.     

刮痧对家兔皮肤血流灌注量及组织形态学影响的比较研究

目的：比较观察刮痧轻重手法对家兔皮肤血流灌注量及皮肤组织形态学的影响变化，探讨刮痧的作用机理和评价其安全性。方法：①在家兔背部施刮痧轻重手法，采用激光多普勒血流成像技术观察家兔刮痧后皮肤血流灌注量的变化情况。②切取刮痧区域皮肤组织，冰冻切片，HE染色，观察皮肤组织形态学变化。结果：①家兔血流图显示重刮区血流升高明显多于轻刮区。直观图显示重刮区出痧明显多于轻刮区。②重刮区皮肤血管扩张并有瘀血；轻刮区皮肤血管扩张不明显，未见瘀血。结论：刮痧轻重手法对家免皮肤微循环血流及皮肤组织血管产生不同程度的影响。     

激光及光灸照射足三里穴对老年人免疫功能的影响

为探索激光照射足三里穴对老年人免疫功能的影响和比较激光与光灸穴位照射作用之异同,我们对42例老年人进行了照射前后的对比。现将结果总结如下:     

砭石疗法对穴位经皮二氧化碳释放量的影响

目的 :探讨砭石疗法的治病机理。方法 :使用泗滨浮石砭具对 2 0例健康人的肺经、胆经、三焦经和脾经进行顺经补法和逆经泻法的推刮治疗 ;用微量二氧化碳测定仪测量相关穴治疗前后的经皮二氧化碳释放量 (TCE)。结果 :使用补法后的TCE显著升高 (P <0 0 5) ,而泻法变化不明显 ,提示经脉气血流注和迎随补泻手法有一定的科学依据。使用加热的砭具对 2 7例呼吸系统疾病病人的肺经相关穴位进行手法治疗 ,测量太渊和中府的TCE变化 ,发现有显著升高 (P <0 0 1 )。结论 :砭石疗法提高了经脉的能量代谢水平。     

任脉水分穴低流阻点注射速尿对急性水肿模型猪的利尿作用

目的:通过水分穴低流阻点注射、静脉注射和足三里穴注射等不同给药途径给予速尿或生理盐水,分别观察其对水肿动物的利尿作用,以验证循经低流阻点注射药物是否有更高的药效,并验证经络的低流阻通道学说的有效性。方法:通过猪的耳缘静脉快速注入生理盐水2000ml,制成急性水肿模型,然后分不同实验日分别在猪的水分穴低流阻点、静脉和足三里穴注射速尿(水分速尿组、静脉速尿组、足三里速尿组),其中水分速尿组使用剂量为静脉组的一半,水分盐水组在水分穴低流阻点注射等量的生理盐水,然后观察注射后2h内每隔15min的尿量,4组各作8只猪,共32猪次。结果:累积尿量统计结果表明,水分速尿组和静脉速尿组注射速尿后累积尿量始终高于足三里速尿组和水分盐水组,并在15~45min时段有统计学意义(P<0.05),水分速尿组与静脉速尿组在整个2h的累积尿量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。分时段尿量统计结果表明,水分速尿组和静脉速尿组尿量在15~30min达到高峰,足三里速尿组在45~60min达到高峰,水分盐水组无高峰。结论:循经低流阻点注射药物有较快和较强的药效,该方法有可能应用于临床,而经络的低流阻通道学说对于阐释经络实质具有重要意义。     

循经低流阻通道组织液压的初步观察

目的 测量循经低流阻通道与周围的组织液压,观察其差异及变化情况。方法 在麻醉的小型猪上,使用连续流阻测量仪测出低流阻点和非低流阻点,然后采取针中芯方法测量组织液压。结果 统计结果表明,小型猪胃经、肾经和任脉的低流阻通道平均压力均显著低于旁开的高流阻区域,其压力差分别为1.06、0.70、3.69 mmHg（1 mmHg=0．133 kPa）,总压力差为1.44 mmHg,压力梯度为1.44~2.88 mmHg/cm。在一些低流阻点上发现了与呼吸频率一致的压力波。结论 外周皮下组织中存在着指向经脉低流阻通道的压力差,可能构成组织液向经脉流动的动力。     

The influence of different methods of acupuncture on skin surface perfusion

OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects on the body surface of different kinds of placebo/sham acupuncture with that of traditional needling sensation acupuncture.METHODS:Point Neiguan(PC 6) of 29 healthy subjects,19 males and 10 females,was stimulated with needling sensation,shallow,placebo and deep acupuncture at the non-acupoint.After stimulation with different methods of acupuncture,the change in perfusion of the micrangium in the skin surface around the elbow joint,with Point Quze(PC 3) as its center,was observed with laser Doppler blood-flow imaging.RESULTS:Judging from the absolute value of perfusion of the skin surface micrangium,several methods of acupuncture can cause change in blood flow.The ratio of blood-flow perfusion in the meridian area in and around Quze declined before and after needling insertion in needling sensation acupuncture and shallow acupuncture.This observation did not occur in placebo and non-acupoint acupuncture.Needling sensation acupuncture at an acupoint can relatively reduce the perfusion ofthe micrangium in the projective area of the meridian where the acupoint is located on the body surface(P<0.05),indicating the specificity of meridians.CONCLUSIONS:Stimulation of an acupoint or a point on the body surface with any type of acupuncture can cause change in blood flow in the skin near the needling point.However,the biological mechanism underlying this phenomenon needs to be further explored.     

不同方向循经走罐对皮肤血流量的影响

目的:比较顺经和逆经循经走罐对皮肤血流量的影响.方法:使用JLG-2型经络罐通仪对膀胱经背部段进行顺经或逆经单方向走罐20次.拔罐器为内径44 mm的砭石罐,负压范围为-0.03～-0.04MPa.使用PeriScan PIMⅡ型激光多普勒血流灌注成像仪观察走罐上下循经皮肤及对侧膀胱经同等区域的皮肤血流量变化.测量走罐前、走罐后即刻和走罐后10 min的血流量.对14例健康受试者进行测试,将测量区域分为走罐区、上游区、下游区、对(侧)走罐区、对上游区和对下游区,分别计算各区域平均血流量.结果:各区的血流量均有显著性升高,走罐区升高更为明显.比较顺经和逆经的血流量变化率,仅发现上游区逆经的变化率显著高于顺经(P＜0.05),其他区之间差异无统计学意义.另外,循经上、下游区域的血流量变化率比对侧膀胱经显著升高.结论:顺经走罐与逆经走罐的局部效应相似,远端效应逆经走罐高于顺经,提示治疗局部疾患可双向走罐,远端治疗以逆经走罐效果更佳.     

使用结扎法建立大鼠经脉不通病理模型的初步研究

目的:使用结扎法建立稳定的大鼠经脉不通病理模型。方法:48只雄性SD大鼠按随机数字表法分为4组各12只。先测量任脉低电阻线(简称任脉线),结扎1组在任脉线上结扎1个点,结扎2组在任脉线上结扎2个点,结扎3组在任脉线上结扎3个点,结扎4组在任脉线外结扎1个点,结扎点宽度1 cm、间隔1~2 mm。使用组织液压波传播法分别测量各组结扎前后任脉线的组织液压波传播幅度并比较变化。结果:4组结扎前后组织液压波变化率分别为8.17%、-7.83%、-13.27%、-52.80%,其中结扎4组、结扎1组和结扎2组结扎后的变化与结扎前比较差异无统计学意义,但3组的变化率由正变负,逐渐负向增加,结扎3组在结扎后的组织液压波传播幅度与结扎前比较极显著减小,结扎8周后解剖观察结扎部位皮肤与肌肉紧密黏连。结论:结扎法可建立稳定的经脉不通病理模型。     

使用血流成像技术对“腰背委中求”经典理论的验证

目的:观察针刺委中等穴对腰部皮肤血流的影响,以验证"腰背委中求"的经典针灸理论。方法:应用激光多谱勒血流成像仪对比观察40名受试者针刺委中和阳陵泉前后腰部皮肤微循环血流量变化及血流分布情况。将受试者腰部划分成整体区域和左右膀胱经第一、二侧线五个区域,以血流变化率为指标比较分析针刺委中和阳陵泉对腰部体表血流改变的效应差异。结果:针刺委中和阳陵泉后腰部整个区域的皮肤血流量与针前比较均显著升高,并持续至起针后12 min(P<0.05),针刺两穴的血流变化率比较无显著性差异。针刺委中穴后,同侧腰部膀胱经第一、二侧线上的皮肤血流变化率显著高于针刺阳陵泉(P<0.05),其它区域无显著性差异。结论:针刺委中穴对腰的特异性作用可体现在使针刺侧腰部膀胱经皮肤血流的升高上,这种效应有可能导致膀胱经循经低流阻通道阻力下降,疏通经络,产生"通则不痛"的治疗效果。