关于本刊更名一事告读者

<正>根据工作需要,经国家新闻出版广电总局批准,原《求医问药》杂志自2014年起更名为《当代医药论丛》。《当代医药论丛》的办刊宗旨是:刊发医药专业学术论文,反映医药领域科研成果和医药临床实践经验,为医务、药务工作者和研究人员提供业务交流和学术成果发布的平台。我们深信,《当代医药论丛》面世后,不仅能为广大医务、药务工作者进行学术交流提供一个学术平台,也必将成为医药科研领域广大同仁的知心朋友。原《求医问药》学术版自办刊以来得到了广大读者及撰稿人不懈的支持与帮助,为     

改进的犬异体肾移植术

改进的犬异体肾移植术朱晓明，熊汝成，张元芳，张永康（上海医科大学附属中山医院）犬异体肾移植实验模型在肾移植研究中很有价值。因实验研究的需要，作者于１９９２年２～５月开展犬异体肾移植实验，共施术３６次，现报道如下。材料与方法１．动物采用健康杂种家犬，体...     

CONTINUOUS AMBULATORY PERITONEAL DIALYSISCLINICAL REPORT OF 62 CASES

Sixty-two patients with cnd stage renal disease wcrc selected for continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) from Sept 1980 to March 1983, CAPD was performed with plastic bags containing 2-liter dialysate solution. Most patients commenced with 4 bag exchanges per day, with good results. The total treatment time was 558 patient- months in 31 months. 42 patients were treated for Jnore than 6 months and 24 for more than 12 months. The longest survival was 24 months. 22 patients died. 30 had CAPD at home for 2-16 months. The mean pcritoneal clearance of urea nitrogen and creatinine was 7.5+2.8 ml/min and 13.4+5.3 mL/min, respectively. Plasma middle molecules were significantly lower after CAPD. Clinical features of heart failure and pericarditis disappeared within 1-4 weeks. The mean protein and FAA losses in the dialysate were respectively 14.4+8.0 and 2.1+0.5 g per day. The most outstanding complication was perito nitis. Gram positive organisms predominated. There was one episode of peritonitis per 8.2 patient. months. Bacterial pcritonitis was early treated with prolonged peritoneal lavage and drainage without the addition of antibiotics. The possible development of ventricular arrhyth. mias due to hypopotassemia resulting from long-term use of potassium-free dialysate and from glucose iii take through the peritoneal route is discussed.     

雷公藤红素对犬肾移植抗排斥疗效的观察

为观察雷公藤有效成份之一雷公藤红素单体对犬异体肾移植机排斥的疗效，制作标准的犬异体肾移植模型。术后受体随机分成6组：1个对照组，5个治疗组，雷公藤红素的用量分别为0．05mg·kg-1／d、0．1mg·kg－1／d、0．5mg·kg-1／d、1．0mg·kg-1／d和0．2mg·kg-1／d。结果各治疗组受体的存活期与对照组相似，绝大多数犬在术后第8～12天死亡，仅0．1mg·kg－1／d组有1只犬存活20天。认为雷公藤红素对杂种狗间的异体肾移植的排斥无抑制作用。     

百期之际致读者

时光荏苒，转眼就是9年。本刊自2003年创刊以来．历经8年零10个月，至今已出刊100期。想起9年前创刊时。我们既无办刊经验。又地处偏僻，且无充盈的物质条件，真是令人惶恐。所幸的是，广大读者、热心的撰稿人、上级新闻出版部门在各方面都给了我们难能可贵的支持．使我们度过了那艰难的时光。在喜迎《求医问药》创办100期之际，我们最想做的就是怀着万分激动和感恩的心，向广大读者、热心的撰稿人、上级新闻出版部门表示衷心的感谢!     

THE EFFECT AND MECHANISM OF PRETREATMENT ON ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION

Pretreatment is one of the methods to prolong organ allograft survival. In this study, Concanavalin A (Con A) was used to pretreat grafts and massive doses of cyclophosphamide and methylprednisolone were used to pretreat donors. The duration of sur. vival after graft pretreatment was significantly longer than that of the grafts without treatment. Light and electron microscopic radioautography, fluorescein labeling method and immunoenzyme technique were used to locate Con A, which was :shown to coat the graft cell membrane. ' Comple- ment dependent cytotoxicity test and second ahti- body labeled with fluorescein technique were used to study the mechanism of Con A which was em- ployed in pretreatment for organ transplantation. It seems reasonable to speculate that Con A could mask the immunogenicity of graft cell antigens by coating the cell membranes and interfering with the perception of the graft antigens by the immune lymphocytes or by the antibodies.     

大鼠三种异位心脏移植术的比较

对大鼠３种异位心脏移植术共做１００例实验。（１）Ｏｎｏ氏术，供心胸主动脉和肺动脉分别与受体腹主动脉和下腔静脉端侧缝合，为较理想的器官移植模型，缺点是操作较复杂；（２）Ｌｅｅ氏术，带一肺叶的供心胸主动脉与受体腹主动单一血管缝合，操作简化，但移植肺叶严重淤血、出血梗死可能并发肺脓肿；（３）Ｈｅｒｏｎ氏术，供心胸主动脉和肺动脉分别与受体颈总动脉和颈静脉非缝合衬套法吻合，操作简单，对受全损伤不，可用于制作     

RENOVASCULAR HYPERTE.NSION WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO; "PANAORTITIS"

During a period of 20 years between 1960 and 1979, 91 cases of renovascular hypertension were diagnosed by reno-aortography, most of them were confirmed by operative findings and/or pathologic examinations. 55 cases (60.4To) were found to be due to primary arteritis of the abdominal aorta, the so-called "panaortitis", in- volving one or two renal arteries. The age of these 55 patients ranged from 11 t0 57 years, averaging 26.5 years. 30 patients were female and 25 male. There were 18 cases with bilateral involvement and among those with unilateral lesions 18 were on the left side, 19 0n the right. The duration of the disease varied from 3 months t0 8 years. 49 patients presented with the usual manifestations of chronic hypertension including 18 severe cases who had symptoms of cardiac failure, cerebral accident or paraplegia. The remaining 6 individuals were accidentally found hypertensive during a routine physical examina- tion. An audible bruit was heard in 47 cases, constituting 85.4'70 0f this group. This disease entityis pathologically charac-terized by the presenceof inflammatory changes of all layers of the aorta, especially in the media. Destruction of varying degrees, of the elastic fibers and muscle bundles may be seen. The involvement of the renal artery is mainly cort- fined to the ostium, resulting in stenosis of the lumen and ischemia of the affected kidney. 22 0f 55 cases were managed medically as their conditions were not suitable for any sur- gical procedure. One patient associated with a huge aortic aneurysm was only explored. The remaining 32 cases were operated upon, includ- ing vascular reconstruction 17, renal autotran- splantation 10 and nephrectomy 5. 43 cases were followed up from l year t0 18 years, half of them s-io years. Among the cases treated medically, only 6 were alive, their blood pressure remained at high levels. Of 32 cases treated surgically by various methods, 19 were alive. The results of renal autotransplantation seemed to be gratifying. The authors believe that renovascular hyper- tension associated with panaortitis should be treated surgically. However, when acute mani- festations are present the patient should be treated medically until a complete subsidence is assured and the condition well stabilizes.     

告别职场心理低潮

王越曾经是同伴佩服的对象．上大学时．她有着出众的外表和过人的头脑．在学习和活动中处处拔尖．出尽了风头。可经历了几年职场生涯．一连串的打击．让她变得越来越消沉萎靡。刚分配到单位时．王越心高气盛．准备大展宏图．可没多久．她就发现单位里藏龙卧虎．有阅历、有能力的同事比比皆是．加上业务生疏．王越在工作中总有捉襟见肘的局促．总觉得自己处处技不如人．高傲的个性又使她不愿向人求教．