外伤致脾破裂脾切除术后血液细胞异常变化及临床意义（附1例报告）

外伤致脾破裂后,脾切除仍是当今临床治疗最有效的手术方法.脾切除术后,血象最明显的变化就是血小板(PLT)持续升高,如不注意观察,及时采取相应的处理,常发生感染、血栓及出血等严重并发症,后果十分严重.     

HBV前S1蛋白与HBV-DNA检测和乙肝二对半模式相关性研究

乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）为嗜肝DNA病毒。HBV-DNA基因组呈环状分为长的负链（L）和短的正链（S）两股。L链有四个开放读码区（S、C、P、X区）。S区又分为前S1、前S2两区及S区,分别编码包膜上有前S1、前S2和HBsAg[1-2]。前S1蛋白主要存在于Dane颗粒中,     

中国新疆维吾尔族人群MNS、Duffy和Kell等稀有血型的基因分子遗传分析

BACKGROUND: Screening of fare blood types has been successively implemented and completed in Europe, America and Japan, but there is a large gap in China. Previous studies have mainly focused on the southern Han populations, and little is reported on PCR-SSP systematic analysis of gene frequencies of rare blood groups in Xinjiang Uygur populations. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the gene frequency distribution of RBC MNS, Duffy, Kell, Dombrock, Diego, Kidd, Scianna, Colton and Lutheran blood groups from Xinjiang Uygur populations, thereby providing a strategic support for human population genetics and clinical blood deployment. METHODS: PCR-SSP method was used to make genotyping and statistical analysis in 158 Xinjiang Uygur persons from nine rare blood groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Gene frequencies of these nine rare blood groups were M=0.579 1, N=0.420 9, S=0.174 3, s=0.800 9, Fya=0.699 4, Fyb=0.300 6, K1=0.015 8, K2=0.984 2, Doa=0.234 2, Dob=0.765 8, Dia=0.047 4, Dib=0.952 6, JKa=0.541 2, JKb=0.452 6, Sc1=1.000, Sc2=0, Coa=0.994, Cob=0.005 9, Lua=0, Lub=1.000, Aua=0.810 2, Aub=0.189 9. Results from chi-square test showed that the observed value and expected value of genotypes were in line with the law of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P > 0.05), and in the MNS blood group of Xinjiang Uygur population, it was rarely found that S-s- frequency was 0.025 3 in four cases and Jka-b- frequency was 0.006 3 in one case. This study demonstrates that the frequency distribution of MNS, Duffy, Dombrock and Diego blood groups in the Xinjiang Uygur population, with its own unique frequency distribution characteristics, is different from that in other ethnic populations; the gene distribution of Kell, Kidd and Colton blood groups shows either similarity or difference between the Xinjiang Uygur population and reported Tibet and Han populations; Scianna and Lutheran blood groups show a monomorphic distribution in the Xinjiang Uygur population, which is similar to that in the Tibet and Han populations. These findings provide the basic data for exploring the origin and evolution, ethnic hematology and construction of rare blood database of the Xinjiang Uygur population.       

尿毒症血液透析患者医源性交叉感染状况调查

目的调查某医院血液净化中心维持性血液透析患者HBV、HCV、HIV、TP交叉感染情况,为临床防控提供科学依据。方法采用前瞻性设计,对近8年内133例血液透析患者进行不同层次分组透析,使用两种方法连续检测比对,数据采用t检验和χ2检验处理分析。结果 (1)133例维持性血液透析患者感染HBV 17例(12.78%)、HCV 22例(16.54%)、HBV和HCV混合感染2例(1.50%)、TP 2例,无HIV感染者。(2)HBV和HCV感染主要集中在移植性肾病、慢性肾炎、糖尿病肾病等患者中,二者感染率与在感染区透析关系密切,其中HCV感染率与移植性肾病相关、与输血史相关(P0.05);而HBV感染与输血史未见明显关联(P0.05),但透析后明显高于透析前(P0.05)。(3)连续对应检测近3年127例透析患者,仅有1例HBs Ag指标转为阳性,未发生HCV、HIV、TP新的交叉感染。结论 HCV感染与移植性肾病、输血史、移植次数高度有关,HBV感染存在透析后交叉感染的风险。血液净化中心严格按照《血液净化标准操作规程》认真操作,维持性血液透析患者的医源性交叉感染将明显减少。     

前S1蛋白和前S2蛋白及HBV-DNA平行检测对HBV感染诊断的临床价值

目的：探讨前S1蛋白和前S2蛋白联合诊断乙肝病毒感染复制的临床意义。方法：应用ELISA技术和PCR方法对216例HBsAg阳性标本进行前S1蛋白、前S2蛋白及HBV-DNA平行检测。结果：在“大三阳”组中，前S1蛋白、前S2蛋白及HBV-DNA检出阳性率分别为69．5％、42．9％和86．7％；在109例HBeAg阴性血清中，前S1蛋白39例（35．8％）、前S2蛋白5例（4．6％）及HBV-DNA14例（12．8％）检出阳性。前S1蛋白与HBV-DNA的阳性率比较差异无统计学意义（X^2=0.613 P〉0.250），与的阳性率比较差异无统计学意义（X^2=0.493，P〉0.250）。前S2蛋白与HBV-DNA阳性率比较差异有统计学意义（X^2=40．36，P〈0．005），与HBeAg阳性率比较差异有统计学意义（X^2=46．81，P〈0．005）。结论：前S1蛋白和前S2蛋白是诊断乙肝病毒感染复制十分有价值的血清学指标。