二甲胺四环素在蛛网膜下腔出血中保护作用的研究

Objective To investigate the effect of minocycline on early brain injury (EBI) following subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH) in rats. Methods SAH was induced by the filament perforation model in male Sprague Dawley rats. SD rats(n=77) were randomly assigned to sham (n=22), SAH+vehicle (n=28), and SAH+minocycline (n=27) groups. Minocycline (135mg/kg) or equal volume of vehicle was administered 1 h after SAH induction. Mortality, neurological scores, brain edema were evaluated 24 h after SAH. Cell apoptosis were examined by TUNEL staining, and the expression of caspase-3 and Bcl-2 was assayed by Western blot at the same time point. Results The mortality was 21.4% in SAH+vehicle group, 18.5% in the SAH+minocycline group, while no death was observed in sham-operated rats; there was no significant difference in mortality between SAH+vehicle and SAH+minocycline groups (P＞0.05), but the mortality in these two groups was much higher than that in shamgroup(P＜0.05). The water content of brain was significantly increased in the SAH+vehicle group (80.00±0.16)% compared with that in sham group [(79.13±0.08)%, P＜0.05]. Minocycline treatment markedly reduced brain water content (79.36±0.07)% compared with that in SAH+vehicle group (P＜0.05). Caspase-3 levels were markedly increased in SAH+vehicle group (1.53±0.24) compared with sham group (1.00±0.21). Minocycline treatment significantly reduced caspase-3 levels, compared to SAH+vehicle group (1.11±0.18, P＜0.05). A significant decrease in Bcl-2 expression was observed in SAH+vehicle group(0.65±0.03) compared with the sham group (1.00±0.12). The treatment of minocycline upregulated the expression of Bcl-2,compared to SAH+vehicle group (0.93±0.13, P＜0.05). TUNEL-positive cells were increased in the cortex of SAH+vehicle rats,compared to sham group [(31.50±3.70)%, P＜0.05]. Minocycline treatment significantly reduced the number of TUNEL positive cells, compared to SAH+vehicle group [(14.25±2.50)%, P＜0.05]. Conclusion Minocycline may reduce early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats by inhibiting cell apoptosis, which is associated with down-regulation of caspase-3 and up-regulation of Bcl-2.     

CPBL教学法结合3D解剖软件在神经外科手术入路解剖教学培训中的应用研究

目的：探索基于临床实际案例和问题为基础的教学法结合3D解剖软件在神经外科住院医师规范化培训中手术入路解剖的教学效果。方法：选取2019年度在浙江大学医学院附属第二医院神经外科进行住院医师规培化培训的68名住院医师作为研究对象,随机分为试验组与对照组：试验组应用CPBL教学法结合3D解剖软件,对照组采用传统的教学法进行教学。教学结束后对两组学员进行问卷调查、理论考核和临床技能操作考核以评估教学效果与满意度评价。结果：在学习兴趣、教学生动性、教学满意度、理论考试和临床技能操作考核的评分中试验组学员显著高于对照组,且差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论：采用CPBL教学法结合3D解剖软件可以有效提高神经外科规培医师对临床神经外科手术入路解剖的理解程度,显著改善教学效果。