重度烧伤患者休克期血浆B型钠尿肽含量变化及意义

Objective To study the plasma content of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in patients with severe burn during shock stage and probe its clinical significance. Methods Forty-two patients aged 18-60 years, with total burn surface area ≥30%TBSA or full-thickness burn area ≥10% TBSA, hospital-ized within 4 hours after burn, were divided into A group (with total burn surface area 30% -50% TBSA or full-thickness burn area 10% -20% TBSA, n = 21 ), and B group (with total burn surface area 50% TB-SA or full-thickness burn area > 20% TBSA, n = 21 ). Twenty patients admitted during the same time for plastic surgery were enrolled as control group. The plasma levels of BNP, creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB, troponin I (Tnl) of all patients were determined on admission. The levels of BNP, Tnl and fluid resuscita-tion volume were examined at 8, 16, 24, 48 post burn hour (PBH) in A and B groups. Analysis of correla-tion between BNP and fluid resuscitation volume was performed. Results On admission: BNP level in A group (68±19 ng/L) and B group (99±38 ng/L) , respectively, was increased as compared with that in control group (17±7 ng/L, P <0.01 ). Tnl level in A group (2.13±0.67 μg/L) and B group (2.98± 0.58μg/L), respectively, was increased as compared with that in control group (0.12 ± 0.03 μg/L, P < 0.01). There was no obvious difference in CK, CK-MB levels among A, B, and control groups ( P > 0.05). BNP levels in A, B groups continuously rose during 8 - 48 PBH, and they were positively correlated with fluid resuscitation volume. TnI level peaked at 24 PBH, and decreased at 48 PBH. Conclusions The plasma level of BNP is sensitive to reflect changes in myocardial ischemia and hypoxia as a rise in level of TnI in shock stage of severe burn, and it was positively correlated with fluid resuscitation volume. BNP can be used to guide fluid resuscitation during shock stage.     

烧伤患者休克期血浆脑钠素含量的变化

目的观察重度烧伤患者休克期血浆脑钠素(BNP)含量变化及其临床意义。方法按烧伤面积分组:<30%TBSA或Ⅲ度<10%的为A组,30%~50%TBSA或Ⅲ度10%~20%的为B组,>50%TBSA或Ⅲ度>20%为C组。随机选取伤后6h内入院的年龄18~50岁的烧伤患者每组各20例。留取患者伤后24,48,72h静脉血标本,检测BNP。同期留取20例18~50岁整形患者术前静脉血标本作对照。进行分析比较。并观察重症烧伤患者的补液量与BNP的关系。结果重度烧伤患者伤后72h血浆BNP含量明显高于正常对照组,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。重度烧伤休克期BNP含量的变化与补液量及烧伤面积有直线相关性。结论BNP值能敏感的反映心功能的变化。烧伤患者BNP值与烧伤伤情密切相关。重症烧伤患者早期BNP值升高反映其隐匿性心功能不全的存在,对重症烧伤患者的临床救治有重要的指导意义。     

示指背侧岛状皮瓣修复拇指深度烧伤创面

目的 探讨示指背侧岛状皮瓣在修复拇指深度烧伤创面近远期疗效.方法 利用示指背侧岛状皮瓣修复12例拇指背侧或指腹皮肤及软组织缺损,其中拇指背侧8例,指腹4例.结果 12例皮瓣均全部成活,术后随访0.5～1年,拇指外观、色泽、皮肤弹性、感觉及耐磨性均良好.结论 示指背侧岛状皮瓣操作简单,血供可靠,是修复拇指背侧或指腹烧伤创面的较好方法.     

褪黑素对烟雾吸入所致大鼠急性肺损伤的保护作用

目的通过建立褪黑素干预大鼠烟雾吸入性损伤模型,探讨褪黑素对急性肺损伤的保护作用。方法成年清洁级雄性SD大鼠72只随机分为空白组、损伤组和褪黑素组。空白组不做任何处理,损伤组于吸入性损伤处理后腹腔注射1%乙醇生理盐水（10ml/kg）,褪黑素组于吸入性损伤处理后腹腔注射褪黑素（10mg/kg,1次/8h）。三组大鼠分别在3h、12h、24h三个时相腹主动脉取血2ml后处死,动脉血离心后检测肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素6（IL-6）含量和白细胞介素10（IL-10）。肺组织匀浆测超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、髓过氧化物酶（MPO）的含量。取右下肺组织作病理切片,光镜下观察肺组织病理情况。结果光镜下见空白组大鼠肺泡腔结构完整,壁光滑;损伤组肺泡壁增厚,肺间质炎症细胞浸润;褪黑素组肺组织较损伤组病理表现有所减轻。褪黑素组各时相点血清TNF-α和IL-6含量高于空白组（P〈0.05）,低于损伤组（P〈0.05）。损伤组各时相点IL-10含量与空白组相比无统计学差异（P〉0.05）,而褪黑素组IL-10含量与空白组、损伤组相比均升高（P〈0.05）。褪黑素组各时相点肺组织SOD含量均高于损伤组（P〈0.05）,低于空白组（P〈0.05）。褪黑素组各时相肺组织MDA和MPO含量均高于空白组（P〈0.05）,低于损伤组（P〈0.05）。结论褪黑素可以减轻炎症及氧化应激,对烟雾吸入性损伤所致急性肺损伤发挥一定的保护作用。     

腹部去脂整形术的进展

腹部去脂整形术可分为脂肪切除术与吸脂整形术两类。皮肤脂肪切除术有手术疤痕较长,皮肤感觉减退等缺点。近年来吸脂整形术在肿胀吸脂,体形雕塑———站立位吸,细管吸脂,超声吸脂和电子吸脂,吸脂适应证的扩大等方面取得了诸多进展。浅层吸脂可以明显改善体形,而且对皮肤有收紧作用。浅层吸脂技术对腹壁多脂松垂者有明显疗效,较腹壁成形术,手术简化、术后恢复快。     

手氢氟酸灼伤的治疗

氢氟酸灼伤可引起严重的皮肤软组织进行性损伤甚至骨坏死。既使小面积的高浓度氢氟酸灼伤，如处理不当，也可引发全身中毒症状和致死性低钙血症．因此。及时了解其毒性程度，并采取积极有效的措施非常重要。我们自1995年1月至2006年12月共收治手氢氟酸灼伤患者52例．根据其创面深度采取不同的处理方法．疗效满意，现报告如下。     

重度烧伤患者休克期血浆B型钠尿肽含量变化及意义

Objective To study the plasma content of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in patients with severe burn during shock stage and probe its clinical significance. Methods Forty-two patients aged 18-60 years, with total burn surface area ≥30%TBSA or full-thickness burn area ≥10% TBSA, hospital-ized within 4 hours after burn, were divided into A group (with total burn surface area 30% -50% TBSA or full-thickness burn area 10% -20% TBSA, n = 21 ), and B group (with total burn surface area 50% TB-SA or full-thickness burn area > 20% TBSA, n = 21 ). Twenty patients admitted during the same time for plastic surgery were enrolled as control group. The plasma levels of BNP, creatine kinase (CK), CK-MB, troponin I (Tnl) of all patients were determined on admission. The levels of BNP, Tnl and fluid resuscita-tion volume were examined at 8, 16, 24, 48 post burn hour (PBH) in A and B groups. Analysis of correla-tion between BNP and fluid resuscitation volume was performed. Results On admission: BNP level in A group (68±19 ng/L) and B group (99±38 ng/L) , respectively, was increased as compared with that in control group (17±7 ng/L, P <0.01 ). Tnl level in A group (2.13±0.67 μg/L) and B group (2.98± 0.58μg/L), respectively, was increased as compared with that in control group (0.12 ± 0.03 μg/L, P < 0.01). There was no obvious difference in CK, CK-MB levels among A, B, and control groups ( P > 0.05). BNP levels in A, B groups continuously rose during 8 - 48 PBH, and they were positively correlated with fluid resuscitation volume. TnI level peaked at 24 PBH, and decreased at 48 PBH. Conclusions The plasma level of BNP is sensitive to reflect changes in myocardial ischemia and hypoxia as a rise in level of TnI in shock stage of severe burn, and it was positively correlated with fluid resuscitation volume. BNP can be used to guide fluid resuscitation during shock stage.     

胰岛素对烟雾吸入性损伤大鼠肺组织细胞凋亡及Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达的影响

目的 探讨胰岛素对烟雾吸入性损伤大鼠肺组织细胞凋亡及Bcl-2和Bax蛋白表达的影响.方法 将成年清洁级雌性SD大鼠66只随机分为3组,正常对照组6只、吸入性损伤组和胰岛素治疗组各30只.胰岛素治疗组于烟雾吸入性损伤后皮下注射胰岛素5 U/kg,吸入性损伤组同样致伤后于相同部位注射等体积的生理盐水,正常对照组不做任何处理.各组均在伤在2 h、6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h监测血糖值.光镜进行肺组织切片病理形态学观察.采用原位末端标记法TUNEL观察肺组织细胞凋亡,免疫组织化学染色法检测抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2及Bax的表达变化.结果 光镜观察HE切片,正常对照组大鼠肺泡结构清晰完整.吸入性损伤组大鼠肺组织肺泡间隔增宽、炎细胞浸润,胰岛素治疗组与吸入性损伤组比较病理表现有所减轻.凋亡指数（AI）、Bax 和 Bcl-2在各时间点均明显高于正常对照组（P〈0.01）.胰岛素治疗组伤后2 h AI、Bax和Bcl-2和吸入性损伤组间差异无统计学差异（P〉0.05）,但12 h以后两组AI、Bax和Bcl-2比较时差异均有高度统计学意义（P〈0.01）,24 h各值达高峰,差异也具有高度统计学意义（P〈0.01）.结论 吸入性损伤后早期给予胰岛素可以直接促进Bcl-2蛋白表达,抑制Bax等促凋亡蛋白的表达,对吸入性损伤后肺脏组织细胞的凋亡有抑制作用,在肺损伤早期起到保护肺组织作用.     

苯酚灼伤43例治疗体会

苯酚简称酚,又名石炭酸,是医疗、农业生产和塑料工业中常用的化学剂.属高毒类,具有强烈刺激作用与腐蚀作用,皮肤接触后,可产生化学灼伤.苯酚可经皮肤、呼吸道和消化道侵入人体,大量吸收苯酚后,对中枢神经系统产生抑制作用,引起全身反应,发生急性中毒和慢性中毒.我们现对43例苯酚灼伤患者的治疗体会报告如下.     

岛状皮瓣修复手指深度烧伤创面

深度烧伤尤其电烧伤和热压伤往往造成手指肌腱、神经、骨骼的外露或部分坏死,受区多不具备植皮条件,需采用皮瓣进行修复。因组织缺损较大且局部无供瓣条件的可选用远位带蒂皮瓣或游离皮瓣移植的方法;若组织缺损局限则宜采用局部岛状皮瓣或局部皮瓣进行修复。1997年1月～2004年1