神经内镜下包膜内切除术和外分离术治疗垂体腺瘤的疗效比较

目的 探讨神经内镜下包膜内切除和外分离术对垂体腺瘤疗效及安全性的影响。方法 回顾性分析2016年1月至2018年1月神经内镜下手术治疗的154例垂体腺瘤的临床资料，77例采用神经内镜下包膜内切除（对照组），77例采用外分离术治疗（观察组）。结果 观察组肿瘤全切率（94.81%，73/77）明显高于对照组（79.22%，61/77；P<0.05），而复发率（0%）明显低于对照组（7.79%，6/77；P<0.05）。观察组GH型腺瘤术后生化缓解率（88.89%，16/18）和PRL型腺瘤术后生化缓解率（88.89%，8/9）均显著高于对照组[分别为57.14%（8/14）、45.45%（5/11）；P<0.05]。两组术中脑脊液漏、术后脑脊液漏、术后颅内感染、术后垂体功能低下及术后暂时性多尿等并发症发生率均无统计学差异（P>0.05）。结论 神经内镜下外分离术用于垂体腺瘤的治疗可有效实现肿瘤彻底切除，降低复发率，促进术后生化缓解，且未增加术后并发症发生风险，效果优于包膜内切除术。     

肺鳞癌治疗新靶点FGFR的研究进展

肺癌是目前全球发病率和死亡率均居前列的恶性肿瘤，其中肺鳞癌经手术、放化疗等综合治疗后，其疗效仍不满意。随着分子靶向治疗在肺腺癌中取得了令人瞩目的成果，而肺鳞癌患者中EGFR基因突变及ALK融合基因少见，急需探索新的靶点指导肺鳞癌患者的临床治疗。研究表明，FGFR家族（FGFR1-4）是肺鳞癌中突变频率较高的基因，FGFR基因的激活突变和扩增与肺鳞癌的发生和发展密切相关，同时许多小分子 FGFR 抑制剂在临床应用中已经取得较好的治疗效果。目前，许多FGFR抑制剂治疗肺鳞癌的临床试验也正在进行研究，针对FGFR靶点的基因治疗可为肺鳞癌的治疗提供一种新的策略。本文就FGFR在肺鳞癌的靶向治疗中的最新研究进展进行综述。     

产后产妇300例心理状态调查及应对措施

根据现代医学模式，健康的标准是躯体健康，心理健康和社会适应良好。妇女在妊娠期、分娩期和产褥期承受着躯体和精神上的巨大压力；产后由于身体的变化、社会角色的改变，对产妇的认知、情感、行为具有明显影响。焦虑是人们对环境中一些即将面临的，可能会造成危险和威胁的重大事件，或者要做出重大努力的情况中进行适应时，心理上出现紧张和一种不愉快的期待。探讨产后产妇的心理状态变化及其原因，采取有效的应对措施，以保证产妇的健康及至婴幼儿的健康成长。     

Pediatric intracranial aneurysms——clinical characteristics and therapeutic strategies

Objective To assess the radiological characteristics and therapeutic strategies of intracranial aneurysms in children. Methods From our dedicated neurovascular databank of patients, we reviewed 23 consecutive children who had 24 intracranial aneurysms. There were 14 boys and 9 girls with a mean age of 9.09 years ( range 1 - 14 years ). Results Intracranial aneurysms in children ≤ 14 years constituted 1.3% of all intracranial aneurysms. Internal Carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) were the most frequent sites for aneurysms. About 58.3% of the aneurysms were complex, including dissecting, pseudoaneurysm, giant and fusiform aneurysm. 1/3 of all aneurysms were located in posterior circulation. Only 1 case had multiple aneurysms in this case series. Almost half of all cases presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage and others presented with mass effect. 14 cases underwent endovascular treatment. 4 patients received microsurgical therapy. 5 cases did not receive microsurgical or endovascular therapy, 2 of them whose aneurysms spontaneously thrombosed during follow up. One boy with left vertebral artery giant aneurysm died after endovascular therapy owing to gradual thrombosis in basilar artery. Another child had poor outcome because of rerupture of aneurysm before operation. Whereas the majority had a favorable outcome. Conclusions Intracranial aneurysms in children had many clinical and radiological characteristics different from those in adults : ( 1 ) remarkable male predominance; ( 2 ) ICA and MCA were the most common sites for aneurysms; (3) high incidence of large, traumatic, infectious, dissecting and fusiform aneurysms. (4)For pediatric intracranial aneurysms, both microsurgical approaches and endovascular treatment were effective. Endovaacular therapy was the best choice for complex aneurysms.     

诺和锐胰岛素治疗儿童1型糖尿病的临床观察

目的:观察诺和锐胰岛素治疗儿童1型糖尿病的疗效。方法:对10例应用诺和灵短效胰岛素联合诺和灵中效胰岛素治疗的1型糖尿病患儿以超短效胰岛素诺和锐等量替代短效胰岛素联合诺和灵中效胰岛素治疗1个月,观察HbA1c等代谢指标变化。结果:用诺和锐治疗后患儿餐后2 h血糖、HbA1c显著下降,P<0．01,平均下降值分别为3．51±1．10 mmol／L与0．64％±0．19％。胰岛素用量与血脂无明显变化,P>0．05。治疗期间未发现明显低血糖。结论:超短效胰岛素诺和锐替代短效胰岛素可进一步控制餐后血糖．并显著降低HbA1c,有利于血糖控制。     

430例儿童弱视综合治疗的临床观察

目的:探讨儿童弱视综合治疗效果。方法:配镜后采用传统遮盖加长春光电仪器厂生产的多功能弱视矫治协调器,及精细目力训练治疗430例(820眼),20天为1个疗程。结果:中、重度的治愈率明显低于轻度,年龄越小治疗效果越好。     

光子嫩肤仪配合激光治疗皮肤光老化疗效的观察

目的 探讨光子嫩肤仪配合755nm激光治疗皮肤光老化的疗效。方法 根据皮肤光老化者的肤质及疗效调节治疗方案，光子及激光交替进行治疗，每例治疗5次或5次以上。在治疗前和完成疗程后，由主治医师和接受治疗者共同对疗效做出评价。结果 本组178例，经治疗皮肤光老化症状均有不同程度改善，其中以肤色、毛细血管扩张、皮肤质地改善最为明显。临床观察表明，只要选择合适参数及完成疗程，治疗效果明显。结论 光子嫩肤仪配合755nm激光治疗皮肤光老化，是改善光老化表现的有效方法，并且比其他有损伤性治疗发生的合并症少，安全有效。     

躯体形式障碍24例临床分析

躯体形式障碍是中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第3版（CCMD-3）新增加的诊断类别。现将我院诊断为躯体形式障碍24例回顾性分析报告如下：