对Hazelton等提出的云锡矿工肺癌主要危险来自砷的商榷

Using two-stage clonal expansion model with data-base provided by Lubin, WD Hazehon et al indicated the high risk of arsenic, but not radon, in the etiology of Yunnan tin miner' s lung cancer. The author of this review iterated the problems in the data-base of Lubin,and considered that it may result in low estimate for the risk of radon in paper of Hazehon et al. Attributable risk was estimated by them with changing exposure patterns of each individual, but the efficacy of this two-stage model will be violated by the invariability of appointed radon/arsenic exposures. Risk comparison was used to distinguish the contribution from radon/arsenic, which was hampered by the high correlation between their joint exposures. As Lubin, Hazehon et al neglected the confounding from environmental arsenic pollution in early years. From all of above, their viewpoint is worth to be deliberated.     

p53蛋白在云锡矿工肺癌中的表达

ｐ５３蛋白在云锡矿工肺癌中的表达秦全红王德文孙世荃杨绍和高亚兵云锡矿工肺癌的高发起因于既往井下氡子体和含砷矿尘的暴露［１］。Ｔａｌｏｒ等［２，３］对铀矿工肺癌研究，认为氡致肺癌与ｐ５３基因有关。为了探讨ｐ５３基因在云锡矿工肺癌病因中的作用，本文对云锡...     

二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠驱镍作用的实验研究

本文用大鼠研究了带-SH基的二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸钠(Dithiocarb,简称Na-DDC或称铜试剂)和不带-SH基的新螯合剂(H-73-10)的驱镍作用。结果表明,Na-DDC对羰基镍(Ni(CO)_4〕的驱镍作用明显优于H-73-10;与此相反,H-73-10对硝酸镍〔Ni(NO_3)_2〕染毒大鼠的驱镍作用却明显优于Na-DDC。     

有色金属矿山的井下氡积累与矿工肺癌

作者调查了湖南省４个有色金属矿，在１９７６－１９８１年间测定的井下平均氡子体浓度为现行限值的２－１３倍，最高４２４倍；进行回顾性流行病学调查，其观察４８１２５人年，肺癌ＰＭＲ１．４３－３．３３，ＳＭＲ３．４６－１１．５０，氡致肺癌的相对危险增加系数每ＷＬＭ为）．０１０－０．０５７。矿上同时暴露于含砷矿尘，部分３．４６－１１．５０，氡致肺癌的相对危险增加系数每ＷＬＭ为０．０１０－０．０５７。矿上同…     

Vertebral plate regeneration induced by radiation-sterilized allogeneic bone sheets in sheep

Objective： To evaluate the effects and mechanism of radiation-sterilized allogeneic bone sheets in inducing vertebral plate regeneration after laminectomy in sheep. Methods ： Twelve adult male sheep （ aged 1.5 years and weighing 27 kg on average ） provided by China Institute for Radiation Protection underwent L3-4 and L4-5 laminectomy. Then they were randomly divided into two groups： Group A （n =6） and Group B （n =6）. The operated sites of L4-5 in Group A and L3-4 in Group B were covered by ＂ H-shaped＂ freeze-drying and radiationsterilized allogeneic bone sheets （ the experimental segments）, while the operated sites of L3-4 in Group A and L4-5 in Group B were uncovered as the self controls （ the control segments ）. The regeneration process of the vertebral plate and the adhesion degree of the dura were observed at 4,8,12,16,20 and 24 weeks after operation. X- ray and CT scan were performed in both segments of 1.34 and L4-5 at 4 and 24 weeks after operation. Results： In the experimental segments, the bone sheets were located in the anatomical site of vertebral plate, and no lumbar spinal stenosis or compression of the dura was observed. The bone sheets were absorbed gradually and fused well with the regenerated vertebral plate. While in the control segments, the regeneration of vertebral plate was not completed yet, the scar was inserted into the spinal canal, compressing the dura and the spinal cord, and the epidural area almost disappeared. Compared with the control segments, the dura adhesion degree in the experimental regenerated segments was much milder （ P 〈 0. 01 ）, the internal volume of the vertebral canal had no obvious change and the shape of the dura sack remained well without obvious compression. Conclusions： Freeze-drying and radiation-sterlilized allogeneic bone sheets are ideal materials for extradural laminoplasty due to their good biocompatibility, biomechanical characteristics and osteogenic ability. They can effectively reduce formation of post-laminectomy scars, prevent recurrence of post-lamlnectomy spinal stenosis, and induce regeneration of vertebral plates.     

湖南某硫铁矿工人的肺癌

 矿工肺癌问题近年受到国内外的重视。大量资料表明,早年井下氡浓度的增加是很多地方发生矿工肺癌的首要原因,某些矿山同时存在的砷污染也有一定作用。1978年我们调查了湖南某硫铁矿近年发生的9例肺癌,认为砷是引起肺癌的主要原因。     

同种异体骨板覆盖预防椎板切除术后硬膜外粘连临床应用

目的探讨同种异体骨板覆盖在预防椎板切除术后硬膜外粘连方面的疗效。方法对58例腰椎间盘突出或腰椎管狭窄患者,行全椎板切除,“H”形同种异体冻干辐照骨板覆盖。观察临床症状及CT、MR I表现。结果术后随访6个月~2.5年,CT、MR I椎管扩大,骨板无倾斜、移位,脊髓无压迫,无排异反应;术后椎管内容物形态良好,骨板两侧已与相邻接触骨组织融合,密度相等。结论同种异体冻干辐照骨板具有良好的生物相容性、生物力学性能和诱导成骨作用,是一种良好的硬膜外覆盖材料,能有效阻止硬膜外粘连,防止椎管术后再狭窄,可用于节段性椎管覆盖成型术。     

病因概率在砷致职业性肺癌诊断和赔偿中的应用

本文利用辐射致癌病因概率(PC)原理提出制定砷致职业性肺癌诊断标准的原则,方法和有关参数。用与暴露等级相联系的工龄代表既往累积暴露量,根据国内职业癌调查中得到的危险系数计算砷致肺癌的相对危险增加和PC%。砷致职业性肺癌的诊断界限可取PC≥50%,这时其所伴有的赔偿误差将不超过50%(偏宽)和20%(偏严)。