一起由变形杆菌引起食物中毒的调查分析

1999年7月1日渭南市合阳县坊镇金家庄村、福得村和坊镇西街发生168人食物中毒事故 ,我们进行了流行病学调查及实验室对可疑样品的检验和临床观察,现将结果报告如下.     

2009年陕西省渭南市人间布鲁杆菌病监测结果分析

目的 了解陕西省渭南市布鲁杆菌病(简称布病)流行状况,为制订防治策略提供科学依据.方法 根据<陕西省布鲁氏菌病监测工作实施方案>,2009年在渭南市选择澄城、大荔、合阳、潼关、韩城5个县(市)的固定监测点35个乡(镇)、非固定监测点24个乡(镇)开展人间布病监测工作,对7～60岁与家畜及畜产品有接触的重点人群进行临床检查,有症状者进行血清学检测(虎红平板凝集试验和试管凝集试验).操作方法及判定标准均按<布鲁氏菌病诊断标准>(WS 269-2007)进行.结果 固定监测点共调查重点人群8664人,做虎红平板凝集试验1407人,阳性27人,阳性率为1.92%(27/1407);做试管凝集试验27人,阳性27人,阳性率为100%(27/27);确诊25例,确诊率为92.59%(25/27).非同定监测点共调查重点人群3464人,做虎红平板凝集试验411人,阳性3人,阳性率为0.73%(3/411);做试管凝集试验3人,均为阳性,且全部确诊.共确诊新发病例28例,人间布病感染率为0.25%(30/12 128),发病率为2.06/10万(28/1361618).结论 渭南市人间布病疫情居高不下,建议政府加大经费投入,积极开展畜间和人间布病疫情监测工作,控制疫情扩大蔓延.

Abstract：

Objective To survey and analyze characteristics of brucellosis epidemic in Weinan city of Shaanxi province for the purpose of setting up prevention and control measures for the disease. Methods According to "The Executing Plan for the Work of Surveying Brucellosis Disease in Shaanxi Province", 35 villages(towns) of designated monitoring locations and 24 villages (towns) of randomized monitoring locations in five countries of Weinan were chosen to survey brucellosis disease. The five countries were Chengcheng, Dali, Heyang, Tongguan and Hancheng. High risk populations with a history of contacting livestock and livestock products aged between 7 and 60 underwent clinical and serology examination[rose bengal plate agglutination test(RBPT) and standard tube agglutination test(SAT)]. All manipulation methods and judging standards were in accord with the "Diagnostic Standard for Brucellosis" (WS 269-2007). Results In the designated monitoring location, a total of 8664 people at high risk were investigated, among whom 1407 people were tested by RBPT test and 27 people were positive,the positive rate was 1.92%(27/1407); 27 people were tested by SAT test and 27 people were positive, the positive rate was 100% (27/27); 25 people were diagnosed and the diagnosis rate was 92.59%(25/27). In the randomized monitoring location, a total of 3464 people at high risk were investigated, among whom 411 people were tested by RBPT test and 3 people were positive, the positive rate was 0.73%(3/411 ), 3 people were tested by SAT test which were all positive and made a definite diagnosis. Twenty-eight new cases were made a definite diagnosis and its incidence was 2.06 in a hundred thousand(28/1 361 618). Conclusions The infection of human brucellosis in Weinan city stays at higher level. The governments should increase input for the monitoring,investigating and disinfecting to prevent the disease from increasing and outspreading.     

2008年渭南市地方病健康教育效果评价

渭南市居陕西省关中东部,南依秦岭,北靠黄龙,辖11个县(市、区).其中碘缺乏病病区11个县(市、区),饮水型氟中毒9个县(市、区),大骨节病9个县(市、区),克山病1个县.     

健康教育的多向接轨

随着社会的进步和经济的发展，健康的概念不再局限于疾病、危险因素等方面，而是一种身体上、精神上和社会上的完满状态，涉及到人口、经济、社会稳定与发展诸多方面。传统的生物医学模式已被生物-心理-社会医学模式所代替。实践证明，健康教育和健康促进已成为有利于健康的有效措施和手段，是社会保健行为和个体保健行为的联系和中介，通过信息传播和行为干预，积极引导人们参与改善卫生状况的各项活动，树立健康观念，自愿采纳有利于健康的行为和生活方式，消除或减轻影响健康的危险因素，预防疾病，促进健康，提高生活质量。     

2008年陕西省渭南市地方性氟中毒监测分析

[目的]了解渭南市地方性氟中毒病情流行现状和防治措施落实情况,为有效控制提供科学依据。[方法]对改水和未改水地氟病病区按水氟含量(水氟﹥1.0mg/L为轻、﹥2.1mg/L为中、﹥4.1mg/L为重病区)分层抽样,开展饮用水含氟量检测,8～12岁儿童氟斑牙和儿童尿氟检测,16岁以上成人临床氟骨症和氟骨症X线拍片检查。[结果]大荔、蒲城、合阳3县13个乡(镇)30处(村),140份水样的检测结果的算术平均值为3.00mg/L;8～12岁儿童即时尿样480份,尿氟几何均值为(2.60±2.38)mg/L;8～12岁儿童氟斑牙检出率为51.78%(785/1516);16岁以上成人临床氟骨症检出率为27.60%(5105/18498)、X线检出率为60.22%(109/181)。[结论]改水和未改水病区的水氟含量全部超标,氟中毒危害依然存在,应尽快落实降氟改水工程,规范管理,加强维护。     

2013-2017年渭南市重点人群尿碘检测结果分析

目的 分析渭南地区重点人群的碘营养状况,为有针对性的防治碘缺乏病提供对策。方法 2013-2017年每年分别选取渭南市10个县的1所小学,从每所小学选取42名学生采集尿液测定尿碘;对抽中的街道/乡镇随机选取21名孕妇采集尿样测定尿碘。结果 2013-2017年 共计检测儿童7 400份尿样,尿碘中位数是269.4 μg/L,儿童尿碘小于100 μg/L的样本占检测总数的10.0％,尿碘大于100 μg/L的样本占检测总数的90.0％,其中尿碘大于300 μg/L的样本占检测总数的38.3%;共计检测孕妇4 300份尿样,尿碘中位数是 219.6μg/L,孕妇尿碘小于150 μg/L的样本占检测总数的35.6%,尿碘大于150 μg/L的样本占检测总数的64.4%,其中尿碘大于500 μg/L的样本占检测总数的8.6%。结论 渭南市10个县市区儿童人群碘营养水平总体仍处于超适量摄入状态,特需人群碘营养水平总体处于适宜状态,孕妇碘摄入量可以满足人体需要,碘营养状况良好。     

2008年渭南市地方病健康教育效果评价

渭南市居陕西省关中东部,南依秦岭,北靠黄龙,辖11个县(市、区).其中碘缺乏病病区11个县(市、区),饮水型氟中毒9个县(市、区),大骨节病9个县(市、区),克山病1个县.     

某校甲肝爆发疫情的流行病学调查

目的探明甲型肝炎(以下简称甲肝)爆发的原因。方法对该校甲肝爆发疫情进行爆发的流行病学调查。结果查出该校学生甲肝31例,年龄8～12岁,平均罹患率10.40%。结论建议广泛开展中、小学生健康教育,严格管理甲肝传染源。     

某校甲肝爆发疫情的流行病学调查

目的 探明甲型肝炎(以下简称甲肝)爆发的原因。方法 对该校甲肝爆发疫情进行爆发的流行病学调查。结果 查出该校学生甲肝31例，年龄8-12岁，平均罹患率10.04％。结论 建议广泛开展中、小学生健康教育，严格管理甲肝传染源。