肺癌早期诊断方法的研究进展

目的 肺癌是全球发病率及死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤，患者5年生存率仍低于20%，提高早期诊断及筛查至关重要，本文对肺癌早期诊断方法进行文献综述。方法 检索PubMed、知网、万方、维普等数据库，选择与肺癌筛查相关的文献，进一步选择如CT、核磁共振、MiRNA、自身抗体等文献，提炼其相关结果结论。结果 肺癌早期诊断方法较多，每一种诊断方法均有其优缺点。结论 目前尚无任何一种技术被证实能独立完成早期肺癌的筛查，需要将目前早期诊断技术加以优化组合，以提高早期肺癌的诊断率。     

口服甘露醇行腹部摄片检查泌尿系统结石的应用

腹部平片（KUB）是诊断上尿路结石既常用又简便的手段，可是目前对急诊肾绞痛病人不做任何准备行KUB检查，诊断上尿路结石的效果并不满意。我们自1994一10～1996—03收治的100例肾绞痛病人急诊行经肠道准备后KUB检查及未经肠道准备后KUB检查，结果发现两者间对上尿路结石的阳性检出率明显不同，现报告如下。l临床资料本组病例100例，其中男性对例，女性23例。年龄25～60岁。病程lh～13d。病人均以急性肾绞痛就诊。体格检查，患例肾区及输尿管走行区叩痛（＋），腹部平坦，无压痛及反跳痛，尿常规检查：均有肉眼血尿或镜下血尿。2方法按…     

小剂量咪唑安定复合异丙酚静脉麻醉用于胃镜检查的观察

目的探讨麻醉状态下消化内镜检查的可行性。方法选择接受胃镜检查患者100例,随机分为二组,ASAI～II级,麻醉组50例予以咪唑安定0.06mg/kg、异丙酚1.5～2mg/kg静脉注射,50例为对照组。观察患者检查前、检查中、检查后的血压、心率、血氧饱和度,观察手术操作时间,清醒时间、不良反应及患者的满意度。结果麻醉组不良反应发生率明显降低(P<0.01),检查中血压、心率较检查前均有不同程度下降,患者的满意度和愿意再次接受检查的比例明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论小剂量咪唑安定复合异丙酚静脉麻醉应用于胃镜检查安全可行,可明显减轻痛苦和不良反应。     

Clinical application of monoclonal antibody-drug conjugate to immunotargeting chemotherapy of bladder cancer.

Monocional antibody-drug conjugate was applied in a clinical trial for patients with bladder cancer.Monoclonal antibody HB7A from a mouse splenocyte immunized against human bladder cancer was used as a drug carrier.The anti-cancer drug adriamycin(ADR) was bound to HB7A through a dextran(DEX) bridge to form the conjugate HB7A-DEX-ADR. The in vitro cytotoxic effect of the conjugate on BIU-87 bladder cancer cells was similar to that of free ADR and the mixture of HB7A and ADR. Seven patients with bladder cancer were given HB7A-DEX-ADR intravenously.The immanoperoxidase studies of the resected specimens showed that HB7A was localized specifically in cancer, and histological studies revealed degenerative and necrotic changes of the tumor cells. Patients receiving the conjugate did not experience serious side effects. This study suggests that im munotargeting chemotherapy with HB7A-DEX-ADR is well tolerated by patients and its cytotoxicity on tumor is substanrial.