透明质酸钠关节内注射治疗踝关节骨性关节炎疗效观察

目的观察透明质酸钠注射液（SH）关节内注射治疗踝关节骨性关节炎的临床疗效.方法对25例踝关节骨性关节炎患者（36踝关节）常规关节腔穿刺注入SH,每周给药1次,每次2 ml,连续给药5周后评定踝关节疼痛、肿胀及功能障碍改善情况.结果患者的踝关节疼痛、关节肿胀及功能障碍等均有改善（P＜0.05～0.01）,总有效率91.61%.结论SH对踝关节骨性关节炎是一种安全、理想、有效的治疗药物.     

谷康泰灵对犬骨关节炎修复作用的实验研究

目的　探讨谷康泰灵对动物骨关节炎的修复作用。方法　实验用家犬 16只 ,将动物分成A、B两组。用Hulth法建立动物模型 ,实验组 (A组 ) 8只犬 ,术后当日开始给药 ,每日 1次肌注谷康泰灵注射液 2ml,共 8周 ;对照组 (B组 ) 8只狗 ,术后当日开始肌注生理盐水 2ml,每日 1次 ,共 8周。术后观察动物膝关节活动情况 ,并分别于用药 4周、 8周后 ,实验组及对照组各处死 4只动物 ,对膝关节标本进行犬体观察、光镜观察、电镜观察。结果　动物跛行情况 :实验组较对照组轻。膝关节标本肉眼观察 :实验组 4周时 ,关节面光滑有光泽 ,无明显缺损和新生物 ,至 8周时关节面不光滑 ,色泽暗 ,软骨透明度低 ,有细小缺损和少许新生物 ,这些变化均比对照组轻。光镜及电镜所见显示随时间延长 ,实验组结构逐渐坏变 ,但较对照组轻 ,实验组与对照组比较 ,P <0 0 5 ,有显著性差异。结论　谷康泰灵注射液能明显减缓骨关节炎的发生     

肾癌并发腔静脉瘤栓根治术病人的麻醉处理

肾癌易侵入静脉形成静脉瘤栓，并向近心端延伸至腔静脉、右心房等处，多发生于右肾癌病人。肾癌并发腔静脉瘤栓行一次性根治术国内外报道较少，现将本院7例巨大右肾癌并发腔静脉瘤栓的病人麻醉处理总结如下。     

术中静注帕瑞昔布钠对老年患者髋关节置换术术后疼痛的影响

目的观察和评价帕瑞昔布钠对老年患者接受全髋关节置换术术后急性疼痛的缓解程度。方法 50名病人随机分两组:P组,在缝合切口时给予帕瑞昔布钠40 mg静注;C组,给予5 ml的生理盐水静注。术后1 h内不追加镇痛药。两组患者在手术结束送出手术室时(T1)、术后1 h(T2)、术后6 h(T3)进行VAS疼痛评估。如病人术后追加镇痛药的时间不足6 h,则在追加镇痛药之前对患者作一次疼痛评分,此时的评分记作T3。结果患者术后各时点的VAS评分,T2、T3均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组病人在术后追加镇痛药的平均时间上相比,有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论术中给予40 mg帕瑞昔布钠静注能够有效地缓解全髋关节置换术老年患者的术后急性疼痛。     

胸科手术多模式镇痛的临床观察

目的 探讨硬膜外利多卡因联合静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠,术后患者自控硬膜外镇痛(PCEA)多模式镇痛对胸科手术术后疼痛的影响.方法 选择行胸科手术患者90例,按随机数字表法分为甲、乙、丙三组,每组30例.甲组切皮前5 min硬膜外给予1%利多卡因5ml,关胸时静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg;乙组切皮前5 min硬膜外给予1%利多卡因5 ml,关胸时静脉注射0.9%氯化钠2 ml;丙组切皮前5 min硬膜外给予0.9%氯化钠5 ml,关胸时静脉注射0.9%氯化钠2 ml.三组术后均给予PCEA.观察三组患者术后多时点血流动力学指标,静态和动态视觉模拟评分(VAS),瑞芬太尼用量,术后疼痛开始时间,PCEA 48h内用药量,哌替啶使用率,患者和医护人员对镇痛的满意度.结果 甲、乙组瑞芬太尼用量[(0.72±0.26)、(0.84±1.20)μg/(kg·min)]明显少于丙组[(1.80 ±0.84)μg/(kg·min)](P<0.05);甲、乙组术后疼痛开始时间[(35.00±2.78)、(12.09±6.27)min]显著晚于丙组[(5.95±3.65) min](P<0.05);PCEA 48 h内用药量三组依次递增[(180.40±20.48)、(192.54±40.15)、(220.26±36.78)ml](P<0.05);而三组血流动力学指标及静态VAS比较差异均无统计学意义;甲组术后即刻、1 h时动态VAS与乙、丙组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);甲组患者及医护人员对镇痛满意度较高.结论 硬膜外给予1%利多卡因联合静脉注射帕瑞昔布钠40 mg、术后PCEA对缓解胸科手术术后疼痛有效.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the effect of multiple-mode analgesia consists of epidural administration of lidocaine,parecoxib intravenously and patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on patients after thoracic surgeries. Methods Total 90 patients treated with thoracic surgeries were allocated into 3 groups by random digits table,each with 30 cases. Patients accepted 1% lidocaine 5 ml epidurally 5 min before incision in group A and B,and 5 ml saline as control in group C. When chest closing parecoxib 40 mg were given in group A,and 2 ml saline as control in group B and C. All the patients were given PCEA. Postoperative hemodynamics,dosage of remifentanil and analgetics of PCEA within 48 h, visual analogue scale (VAS) of pain, rescue of pethidine, duration for first pain calling,and satisfactory scores of patients, doctors and nurses were recorded. Results Dosage of remifentanil was lower [(0.72±0.26), (0.84±1.20) μg／(kg·min)], and duration for first pain calling was longer[(35.00±2.78),(12.09±6.27) min] in group A and B than that in group C significantly[(1.80±0.84) μ,g／(kg·min) and (5.95±3.65) min](P<0.05). Analgetics of PCEA with in 48 h in group A was lower than that in group B which was lower than that in group C[(180.40±20.48), (192.54±40.15), (220.26±36.78) ml](P< 0.05). No difference was found on VAS of pain and hemodynamics among three groups when patients were kept immobilized, but VAS of pain in group A and B was lower than that in group C when patients kept moving. Satisfactory scores of patients,doctors and nurses in group A were higher. Conclusion Epidural administration of 1% lidocaine combined with intravenous paiecoxib 40 mg and PCEA an offer satisfactory postoperative analgesia for patients after elective thoracic surgeries.     

连续硬膜外阻滞联合皮内注射治疗带状疱疹后神经痛的短期疗效观察

目的 探究连续硬膜外阻滞联合皮内注射治疗带状疱疹后神经痛(Postherpetic Neuralgia,PHN)的短期疗效及其临床应用价值.方法 该研究选取2020年10月—2021年6月该院收治的PHN患者共60例作为研究对象,随机分成A、B、C、D 4组,每组15例.D组患者直接予以口服药物治疗,其他患者按照不同分...     

小儿斜视矫治术可弯曲喉罩下七氟烷吸入麻醉的效果

目的 评价可弯曲喉罩通气下七氟烷麻醉用于小儿斜视矫治术的效果.方法 择期行斜视矫治术患儿60例,按随机数字表法分为气管导管组和可弯曲喉罩组,每组30例.气管导管组静吸复合麻醉,气管插管,机械通气;可弯曲喉罩组七氟烷麻醉,置入可弯曲喉罩,保留自主呼吸.记录多时点气道峰压和平均气道压.记录气管导管或喉罩置人即刻(T1)、1 min(T2)、3 min(T3)、5 min(T4)和拔出气管导管或喉罩即刻(T5)时血压、心率.记录苏醒时间和拔管时间;患儿从苏醒到拔出气管导管或喉罩时呛咳、躁动和术后咽痛的情况及家长的满意度.结果 与基础值比较,气管导管组T1时收缩压下降,T2、T3、T5时收缩压升高,T2～T5时心率升高,可弯曲喉罩组T1～T4时收缩压、舒张压下降(P<0.05);与气管导管组比较,可弯曲喉罩组T2～T5时收缩压、舒张压、心率均降低(P<0.05).气管导管组苏醒时间(8.1±2.6)min,拔管时间(12.6±3.2)min,从苏醒到拔出气管导管或喉罩时呛咳发生率66.7%(20/30)、咽痛发生率40.0%(12/30)、躁动评分0～1分7例,可弯曲喉罩组分别为(5.2±1.1)min、(6.3±1.5)min、0、6.7%(2/30)、25例,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).与气管导管组比较,可弯曲喉罩组患儿家长的满意度高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 可弯曲喉罩通气下七氟烷麻醉更适合于小儿斜视矫治术.

Abstract：

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of flexible laryngeal mask airway and sevoflurane in pediatric strabismus surgery. Methods Totally 60 children undergoing elective strabismus surgery were recruited and divided into two groups with 30 cases each by random digits table:group T, in which children accepted endotracheal tube intubation and combined intravenous and inhalation anesthesia with mechanically ventilation; and group F, in which children adopted both flexible laryngeal mask airway and inhalation anesthesia of sevoflurane with spontaneous breath. Airway peak pressure (Ppeak), average airway pressure (Pmean), blood pressure (Bp) and heart rate (HR) at induction (T1), 1 min (T2), 3 min (T3) and 5 min (T4) after induction, removal of endotracheal tube or laryngeal mask airway (T5), awaking time and extubation time, occurrence of cough, dysphoria and pharyngodynia from being awake to extubation, satisfaction of patients were recorded. Results When compared to baseline, systolic pressure was lower at T, and higher at T2, T3 and T5, and HR was higher at T2-T5 in group T(P< 0.05),Bp was lower at T1-T4 in group F (P < 0.05). Bp and HR at T2-T5 in group F were lower than those in group T (P < 0.05). The awaking time was (8.1 ?2.6) min, the extubation time was (12.6 ?3.2) min, the occurrence of cough and pharyngodynia was 66.7%(20/30), 40.0%( 12/30), the dysphoria (0-1 score) was 7 cases in group T,(5.2 ± 1.1) min, (6.3 ± 1.5) rain,0,6.7%(2/30),25 cases in group F. There were significant differences between two groups (P<0.05). The satisfaction of patients in group F was higher than that in group T, there was significant difference between two groups (P< 0.05). Conclusion Flexible laryngeal mask airway with sevoflurane could offer high efficacy in pediatric strabismus surgery.     

利多卡因与罗哌卡因星状神经节阻滞治疗头颈部带状疱疹后神经痛的疗效比较

目的 比较利多卡因与罗哌卡因星状神经节阻滞（stellate ganglion block,SGB）治疗头颈部带状疱疹后神经痛（postherpetic neuralgia,PHN）的疗效,为临床治疗提供依据。方法 回顾性分析169例头颈部PHN患者的临床资料,所有患者均接受口服药物联合超声引导SGB治疗。其中82例使用1%利多卡因4 mL（利多卡因组）,87例使用0.2%罗哌卡因4 mL（罗哌卡因组）进行超声引导SGB。两组患者口服药物相同。比较两组治疗前、治疗后1周、 1个月和3个月的视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale, VAS）、焦虑自评量表（self-rating anxiety scale,SAS）及不良反应情况。结果 两组治疗前VAS和SAS评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组治疗后1周、1个月和3个月的VAS和SAS评分均低于治疗前,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。罗哌卡因组治疗后1周、1个月和3个月的VAS和SAS评分均低于利多卡因组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。两组治疗过程中出现的不良反应情况差异无统计学意义（P&...     

玻璃酸钠治疗踝关节骨关节炎的临床观察

目的观察玻璃酸钠(SH)注射液治疗踝关节骨关节炎的临床疗效及不良反应。方法对36例踝关节骨关节炎常规关节腔穿刺注入SH。1周1次,1次2 mL,连续给药5周后判定药物疗效。采用t检验比较治疗前后踝关节疼痛、肿胀及功能障碍改善的差异性。结果踝关节疼痛、关节肿胀及功能障碍治疗前后差异有显著性。总有效率为91.6%。结论SH对踝关节骨关节炎具有良好的疗效,无明显不良反应,是一种安全、理想、有效的药物。     

雪旺细胞基底膜移植结合神经生长因子局部应用创造脊髓再生适宜环境促进部分功能恢复

目的探讨雪旺细胞基底膜(SCBM)和神经生长因子(NGF)对脊髓损伤的修复作用.方法成鼠32只,脊髓左半横断,随机分4组(1)8只单纯SCBM移植(A组);(2)8只SCBM浸于1000U/mlNGF后移植(B组);(3)8只SCBM浸于2000U/mlNGF后移植(C组);(4)8只作对照(D组).术后每周行斜板试验;术后8周测皮层体感诱发电位(CSEP).结果A、B、C组可测出CSEP波形,D组未测出.斜板试验A、B、C组与D组差异显著,B、C组与A组亦差异显著,而B、C组间无明显差异.结论雪旺细胞基底膜移植对脊髓再生有修复作用,而神经生长因子明显促进修复.