High tidal volume ventilation induces proinflammatory signaling in rat lung endothelium

Alveolar overdistension during mechanical ventilation causes leukocyte sequestration, leading to lung injury. However, underlying endothelial cell (EC) mechanisms are undefined. In a new approach, we exposed isolated blood-perfused rat lungs to high tidal volume ventilation (HV) for 2 h, then obtained fresh lung endothelial cells (FLEC) by immunosorting at 4 degrees C. Immunoblotting experiments indicated that as compared with FLEC derived from lungs ventilated at low volume (LV), HV markedly enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation (TyrP). The tyrosine kinase blocker, genistein, inhibited this response. HV also induced focal adhesion (FA) formation in FLEC, as detected by immunofluorescent aggregates of the alpha(v)beta(3) integrin that co-localized with aggregations of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). Immunoprecipitation and blotting experiments revealed that HV increased TyrP of the FA protein, paxillin. In addition, HV induced a paxillin-associated P-selectin expression on FLEC that was also inhibited by genistein. However, HV did not increase lung water. These results indicate that in HV, EC signaling in situ causes FA formation and induces TyrP-dependent P-selectin expression. These signaling mechanisms may promote leukocyte-mediated responses in HV.     

46例髓母细胞瘤的免疫组化研究

目的：了解髓母细胞瘤发生、分化及其病理生物学行为,方法：４６ 例手术切除髓母细胞瘤组织用免疫组织化学方法对胶质酸性蛋白（ Ｇ Ｆ Ａ Ｐ）、中间丝结蛋白（ｖｉｍ ｅｎｔｉｎ）、神经纤维（ Ｎ Ｆ）、增殖细胞核抗原（ Ｐ Ｃ Ｎ Ａ）、抑癌基因ｐ５３ 及 Ｓ１００ 蛋白进行检测。结果： Ｇ Ｆ Ａ Ｐ、ｖｉｍ ｅｎｔｉｎ、 Ｐ Ｃ Ｎ Ａ、 Ｓ１００ 蛋白阳性率分别为 ７１．１１％ 、４３．４４％ 、９２．００％ 、５２．１７％ ,阳性指数分别为４６．２５‰、１７．００‰、８７５．４０‰、８．４２‰。 Ｎ Ｆ表达极弱,而ｐ５３ 几乎不表达。结论：髓母细胞瘤的发生可能与 ｐ５３ 抑癌基因突变无明显相关;髓母细胞瘤的多数肿瘤细胞向胶质细胞方向分化;髓母细胞生长迅速以及其高度恶性与 Ｐ Ｃ Ｎ Ａ 检测超常表达相一致。     

心力衰竭的辅助循环装置治疗的新进展

心力衰竭是世界范围内导致心血管患者死亡的主要原因之一,心脏移植是目前治疗终末期心力衰竭有效的方法,但因供体严重不足等原因,这种疗法的应用受到限制。近几年包括主动脉球囊反搏,心室辅助装置和全人工心脏在内的机械辅助循环支持(mechanical circulatory support,MCS)装置得到迅速发展。现对MCS的分类、近年发展情况,目前存在的问题及未来发展趋势等进行综述。     

新疆和田地区维吾尔族儿童糖尿病患病率调查

目的 调查新疆和田地区维吾尔族儿童糖尿病（diabetes mellitus,DM）患病率,以及DM患病的影响因素。 方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法抽取新疆和田地区5 308名在校中小学、幼儿园4~18岁儿童作为研究对象。调查方式包括问卷调查及身高、体重测量。对所有研究对象进行空腹指尖微量血糖检测,以调查DM和空腹血糖受损（impaired fasting glucose,IFG）的患病率。 结果 回收有效问卷5 184份,检出DM 14例（0.27%）,包括8例1型DM,2例2型DM,4例未分型DM;检出IFG 29例（0.56%）。男生和女生DM及IFG患病率的比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。4~<10岁、10~<15岁和15~18岁组DM的患病率分别为0.18%、0.47%、0.07%,各年龄组比较差异无统计学意义（P=0.072）;以上3个年龄组IFG的患病率分别为0.18%、0.94%、0.42%,各年龄组间比较差异有统计学意义（P=0.007）。DM儿童DM家族史比例和超重/肥胖比例显著高于非DM儿童（P<0.05）,而DM儿童喜食粗粮比例显著低于非DM儿童（P<0.05）。 结论 新疆和田地区维吾尔族儿童DM和IFG的患病率较低;不同性别和年龄段儿童DM患病率无明显不同,但不同年龄段儿童IFG患病率不同。DM家族史、超重/肥胖、粗粮摄取不足可能与DM的发生有关。     

Zinc finger of the cerebellum 5 promotes colorectal cancer cell proliferation and cell cycle progression through enhanced CDK1/CDC25c signaling

IntroductionColorectal cancer (CRC), mostly caused by external or environmental factors, is the third most common and lethal cancer worldwide. Although a large number of investigations have been carried out to reveal the evolution of CRC, the underlying mechanisms of CRC remain unclear.Material and methodsExpression of zinc finger of the cerebellum 5 (ZIC5) in CRC tissues and cell models was measured by qRT-PCR and IHC. Cell transfection was carried out for ZIC5 overexpression or knockdown. The MTT assay was applied to examine the capacity of glioma cell proliferation. Wound healing assay and tumor invasion assay were used to test the capacity of glioma cell migration and invasion respectively. Cell cycle analysis and western blot were used to verify the apoptosis rates of CRC cells upon ZIC5 overexpression or downregulation. A further tumor Xenograft study was used to examine the effects of ZIC5 on tumor malignancy in vivo.ResultsCell models using HCT116 and SW620 cells were established to study the ZIC5 function upon ZIC5 overexpression of knockdown. Consistently, we discovered that ZIC5 also significantly increased in Chinese CRC patients. In addition, ZIC5 promoted CRC cell proliferation through increasing the proportion of cells maintained in the S phase. ZIC5 overexpression facilitated the capacity of CRC cell migration and invasion. Inhibition of ZIC5 mitigated such malignant effects.ConclusionsCollectively, investigations of the ZIC5 in CRC provided a new insight into CRC diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and next-step translational therapeutic developments from bench to clinic.     

术前留置输尿管内支架管在导引鞘下输尿管软镜治疗婴幼儿肾结石的应用研究

目的探讨术前留置输尿管支架管在输尿管导引鞘下输尿管软镜治疗婴幼儿肾结石的临床疗效。 方法我院2015年6月至2018年6月收治24例肾结石婴幼儿（观察组）,行输尿管软镜下激光碎石,术前留置输尿管支架,被动扩张输尿管2周后再置入输尿管软镜导引鞘完成输尿管软镜下激光碎石术,并对比分析同期17例未置入输尿管软镜导引鞘行输尿管软镜下激光碎石术（对照组）的患者资料。 结果观察组结石清除率为87.5%,手术时间（56±14） min,术后发热1例,较对照组结石清除率76.5%明显提高,术后泌尿系感染发生率降低。 结论术前行输尿管支架被动扩张后置入输尿管软镜导引鞘提高输尿管软镜下碎石治疗婴幼儿肾结石手术的成功率及安全性。     

GSH-responsive curcumin/doxorubicin encapsulated Bactrian camel serum albumin nanocomposites with synergistic effect against lung cancer cells

The aim of this study was to prepare camel serum albumin (CSA) nanoparticles using a self-assembly strategy to co-immobilize curcumin (CCM) and doxorubicin (Dox) which was in favor of combined chemotherapy and biomedical applications of bactrian (Camelus bactrianus) CSA. The constructed CSA nanoparticles (CSA-NPs) with the size around 200 nm displayed a high degree of polydispersity and further encapsulation of CCM and Dox caused no apparent morphological changes to the nanocomposite (CCM/Dox CSA-NPs). The synergistic cytotoxic effect of CCM and Dox on cancer cell A549 was observed with the calculated combination index less than 1.0. Moreover, the release kinetic profile of encapsulated drugs showed a concentration dependence of glutathione (GSH) originating from the GSH used in nanoparticle formation to break the intramolecular disulfide bonds. In vitro cytotoxicity evaluations also revealed that CCM/Dox CSA-NPs showed higher cytotoxicity than that of single drug loaded CSA-NPs, which was also validated by high content screen assay. Taken together, the CCM/Dox CSA-NPs with redox-responsive attributes provided an integrated protein-based combinational drug-delivery matrix to exert synergistic effects.     

The Potential Value of Monocyte to Lymphocyte Ratio,Platelet to Mean Platelet Volume Ratio in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections

ObjectiveTo explore the possibility of obtaining more accurate information from routine blood tests for the diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI).MethodsThis is a retrospective study. Between 2017 and 2018, a total of 246 patients who underwent total hip or knee revision surgery were included in this study. There were 146 females and 100 males, and the mean age of the patients was 62.1 ± 12.75 years. Laboratory parameters erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C‐reactive protein (CRP), D‐dimer, plasma fibrinogen, serum white blood cell (WBC), and calculable ratio markers were collected. Based on leukocytes (monocyte count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count), platelet count, and mean platelet volume Inflammation‐related ratio markers were calculated, which including monocyte to lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and platelet to mean platelet volume ratio (PMR). Follow‐up of all studied cases for at least 1 year. The diagnostic value of the markers based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The most optimal combinations of blood markers were selected by the prediction models. Statistical analyses and prediction models were performed using R software.ResultsOf the 246 patients, 125 were diagnosed with PJI and 121 with aseptic loosening. A higher rate of patients underwent revision surgery due to hip prosthesis loosening in the aseptic loosening group (74.4%) compared to the PJI group (45.6%, P < 0.001). ROC curves showed that the area under the curve (AUC) for classical markers, fibrinogen was 0.853 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.805–0.901), ESR was 0.836 (95% CI, 0.785–0.887) and CRP was 0.825 (95% CI, 0.773–0.878). Followed by the PMR, PLR, NLR and MLR, which showed promising diagnostic performance with AUCs of 0.791, 0.785, 0.736, and 0.733. The AUCs of the ratio markers were higher than those of D‐dimer (0.691;95% CI, 0.6243–0.7584) and serum WBC (0.622; 95% CI, 0.552–0.691). After the predictive model calculation, AUC was up to 0.923 (95% CI, 0.891–0.951) when plasma fibrinogen combined with MLR and PMR and interpreted excellent discriminatory capacity with a sensitivity of 86.40% and a specificity of 84.17%. The new combination significantly increases the accuracy and reliability of the diagnosis of PJI (P < 0.001). The AUC increased to 0.899 (95% CI, 0.861–0.931; P = 0.007) and 0.916 (95% CI, 0.880–0.946; P < 0.001), followed by CRP and ESR, respectively. All plasma fibrinogen, ESR, and CRP combined with both PMR and MLR achieved the highest specificity (89.17%) and PPV (85.34%).ConclusionThe diagnostic performance greatly improved when plasma fibrinogen, ESR, and CRP combined with ratio markers.     

基于多元统计学方法的维药没食子药材红外光谱研究

目的：建立了不同批次的没食子药材红外光谱、二阶导数红外光谱,结合多元统计分析对25批没食子进行了研究,为没食子药材鉴别提供新的方法。方法：采用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪采集不同批次没食子药材红外光谱,利用OMNIC软件对25批没食子药材样品的红外指纹图谱进行基线校正、平滑等处理,采用Microsoft Excel2016进行正态分布分析,采用SPSS 22.0软件进行聚类分析和主成分分析,采用SIMCA 14.1软件进行正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析,以变量重要性投影（VIP）值>1为标准,筛选影响没食子药材成分质量的标志性波数。结果：对25批没食子药材样品进行了红外光谱分析,其相关系数为0.932 7～0.995 6。二阶导数图谱可以分离出原光谱中的一些相互重叠的吸收峰。正态分布曲线结果表明,广西来源与安徽来源没食子药材质量存在明显差异,中国广西、广东与伊朗哈吉阿巴德来源没食子药材样品质量相近。聚类分析表明,25批没食子药材在10～15个组间的间距下可以聚成4类。主成分分析发现,累积方差贡献率为89.565%;广西来源没食子药材的综合得分最高,安徽来源没食子药材的综合得分最低。正交偏最小...     

249例性病患者流行病学调查分析

目的:了解和掌握新疆博尔塔拉蒙古自治州三年来性病流行特征,以便进一步采取相应预防控制措施。方法:收集博尔塔拉蒙古自治州两县一市249例性病患者报告资料,并通过卡方检验进行统计分析。结果249例性病患者中,男性占72.69%(181/249),女性占27.31%(68/249),男女之比为1∶0.38;21～40岁组发病占61.04%(152/249);职业分布中不详者占49.79%(124/249),无业者占24.49%(61/249);汉族发病121例(占48.59%),蒙古族66例(26.51%);已婚者发病占67.87%(169/249);文盲、小学和初中文化水平感染率为77.51%(193/249)。从时间分布统计分析,除了梅毒从2007年的2例上升到2009年的25例外,淋病、尖锐湿疣、非淋菌性尿道炎三年发病处于下降趋势。来自国外、内地经商的流动人口发病164例,占65.86%,本地户口发病85例(占34.14%)。性病病种的感染状况统计分析:三年尖锐湿疣占26.92%,非淋菌性尿道炎占全部病例的24.89%,淋病占总病例的23.69%,其次是梅毒病例占18.07%,生殖器疱疹只占全部病例的6.43%。结论:根据调查结果看,应进一步加强本地区道德和精神文明建设,加强对低文化流动人口的培训教育,提高公民的自我防护意识。