中药饮片保质期与有效期文献计量学分析

目的：对中药保质期或有效期进行系统的调研，探讨中药饮片设定保质期或有效期的依据及其必要性，为提高中药饮片质量、保障临床用药安全提供技术支撑，为药品监管部门制定有关法规提供科学依据。方法：以国家知识基础设施数据库（CNKI）为数据来源，采用文献计量学研究方法，选用检索词为“中药材”并“有效期”“饮片”并“有效期”，“饮片”并“保质期”“中药材”并“保质期”“中药材”并“效期”和“饮片”并“效期”，利用CNKI平台工具以及Excel统计工具进行统计分析。结果：经数据库检索、筛选，获取中药材、饮片保质期或有效期或效期的相关有效文献共85篇，其中关于中药、饮片保质期的相关文献26篇，中药、饮片有效期或效期的相关文献59篇；在59篇关于中药有效期的文献中，74.58%的文献对于中药是否应该制定有效期、如何制定有效期等展开了讨论，25.42%的文献为中药有效期研究的实验性文献。结论：本文从中药材、饮片保质期与有效期的现状，质量评价指标，研究方法，饮片分类、保质期制定的必要性，及其存在的问题和建议等方面进行了梳理和归纳，为中药饮片保质期制定，提供了详实的文献依据。     

Direct insertion of an ultra‐slim upper endoscope for cholangioscopy in patients undergoing choledochoduodenostomy

Direct peroral cholangioscopy (POC) using an ultra‐slim upper endoscope is one modality of POC for intraductal endoscopic evaluation and treatment of the bile duct. Choledochoduodenostomy (CDS) is one modality of biliary bypass surgery that provides a new route to the bile duct. We carried out direct POC using an ultra‐slim upper endoscope without the use of accessories in 10 patients (four sump syndromes, three bile duct strictures and three intrahepatic duct stones) previously undergoing surgical CDS. Direct POC was successful in all patients. The use of an intraductal balloon catheter was required in one patient for advancement of the endoscope into the bile duct. Distal bile ducts with sump syndromes were cleared using baskets and water irrigation under direct POC. Cholangiocarcinoma was diagnosed in one patient with hilar bile duct stricture after cholangioscopic evaluation and a targeting forceps biopsy under direct POC. Intrahepatic duct stones were successfully extracted after intraductal fragmentation under direct POC. Oozing bleeding occurred during intraductal lithotripsy but stopped spontaneously. Direct POC using an ultra‐slim upper endoscope without the assistance of accessories can easily be carried out in patients undergoing CDS.     

Assessing perceived quality of primary care under hospital-township health centre integration: A cross-sectional study in China

Since the new round of health care reform in 2009, the vertical integration of hospitals and primary health institutions has become widely implemented in China as an efficient method for improving quality of primary care. This study aimed to answer the following questions: (a) What is the perceived quality of township health centres (THCs) under integration? (B) What differences could be observed among the three typical integration models, namely, private hospital-THC integration, public hospital-THC integration, and loose collaboration? Two rounds of cross-sectional surveys were conducted from November 2016 to June 2018. The Chinese version of the Primary Care Assessment Tool was used to evaluate perceived quality of sample THCs, and 1118 adult patients were interviewed in total. Multiple linear regressions were employed to compare the quality scores between two survey rounds and among different integration models after controlling for potential confounders. The results revealed that the quality of care significantly improved under private hospital-THC integration as observed by comparing two survey rounds, while no change or slight changes were observed in the other two models. The difference observed among the three models was that the perceived quality of THCs integrated with private hospitals was worse than that of THCs integrated with public hospitals and THCs under loose collaboration, while no significant difference was observed between public hospital-THC integration and loose collaboration. Increased attention should be given to highlighting the tight integration between hospitals and THCs and the different roles played by private and public hospitals in the current reform.     

Epidemiologic Characteristics of Work-related Eye Injuries and Risk Factors Associated with Severe Eye Injuries: A Registry-based Multicentre Study

ABSTRACT

Purpose

Work-related eye injuries have been reported with a variety of epidemiologic and clinical characteristics. We aimed to identify epidemiologic characteristics of work-related eye injuries and risk factors associated with severe injury in a large metropolitan city.     

Quality of oral anticoagulation control in Chinese patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a prospective controlled study

Abstract

Objective

The sex, age, medical history, treatment, tobacco use, race risk (SAMe-TT₂R₂) Score; the sex, age, medical history, treatment, tobacco use, genotype combination (SAMe-TT₂G₂) Score; and the so-called modified SAMe-TT₂R₂ scores have been proposed to predict the anticoagulation quality for patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). The data from a prospective controlled study is used to validate the SAMe-TT₂R₂ and SAMe-TT₂G₂ scores in Chinese NVAF patients treated with warfarin and to evaluate the association of factors with time in therapeutic range (TTR) to predict the quality of oral anticoagulation control.