滋阴药延缓衰老机制的研究进展＊

当代社会，老年人口比例呈现不断上升的趋势，老龄化问题日益严峻。因此，如何有效地延缓衰老不仅成为了世界医学研究的热点，也成为了全球亟待解决的问题。中医药在延缓衰老方面经验丰富，而滋阴药在此类研究中效果显著。本文通过整理滋阴药抗衰老作用机制的若干文献，对滋阴复方六味地黄丸、二至丸、左归丸及其他滋阴中药延缓衰老的机制研究进展进行综述。     

造血干细胞移植术后的眼部观察

目的 观察造血干细胞术后移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)及预处理措施对眼部的影响。方法 对35例行造血干细胞移植患者的眼科检查进行回顾性分析。结果 35例中慢性GVHD14例，占异基因造血干细胞移植的70％。其中8例合并有干眼，占GVHD患者的57．14％；6例睑板腺功能障碍并伴有干眼。眼部其他并发症有结膜瘢痕、睑球粘连、角膜溃疡、白内障、急性结膜炎、眼底出血或结膜出血。自体造血干细胞移植不出现移植物抗宿主病及干眼。结论 干眼是异基因造血干细胞移植术后的主要眼部并发症，仅见于发生GVHD的患者。异基因造血干细胞移植的眼部并发症明显高于自体干细胞移植。     

Biodegradable poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microparticles for injectable delivery of vaccine antigens

Injectable biodegradable polymeric particles (usually microspheres) represent an exciting approach to control the release of vaccine antigens to reduce the number of doses in the immunization schedule and optimize the desired immune response via selective targeting of antigen to antigen presenting cells. After the first couple of decades of their study, much progress has been made towards the clinical use of antigen-loaded microspheres. Poly(lactide-co-glycolic acids) (PLGAs) have been studied most commonly for this purpose because of their proven safety record and established use in marketed products for controlled delivery of several peptide drugs. PLGA microspheres have many desirable features relative to standard aluminum-based adjuvants, including the microspheres' ability to induce cell-mediated immunity, a necessary requirement for emergent vaccines against HIV and cancer. This review examines several impediments to PLGA microparticle development, such as PLGA-encapsulated antigen instability and deficiency of animal models in predicting human response, and describes new trends in overcoming these important issues. PLGA microparticles have displayed unprecedented versatility and safety to accomplish release of one or multiple antigens of varying physical-chemical characteristics and immunologic requirements, and have now met numerous critical benchmarks in development of long-lasting immunity after a single injected dose.     

Increased incidence of the Hfe mutation in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and related cellular consequences

The etiology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is unknown. The presence of mutations in the superoxide dismutase gene (SOD1) has led to theories regarding a role for oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of this disease. A primary cause of oxidative stress is perturbations in cellular iron homeostasis. Cellular iron mismanagement and oxidative stress are associated with a number of neurodegenerative diseases. One mechanism by which cells fail to properly regulate their iron status is through a mutation in the Hfe gene. Mutations in the Hfe gene are associated with the iron overload disease, hemochromatosis. In the current study, 31% of patients with sporadic ALS carried a mutation in the Hfe gene, compared to only 14% of patients without identifiable neuromuscular disease, or with neuromuscular diseases other than ALS (p<0.005). To determine the cellular consequences of carrying an Hfe mutation, a human neuronal cell line was transfected with genes carrying the Hfe mutation. The presence of the Hfe mutation disrupted expression of tubulin and actin at the protein levels potentially consistent with the disruption of axonal transport seen in ALS and was also associated with a decrease in CuZnSOD1 expression. These data provide compelling evidence for a role for the Hfe mutation in etiopathogenesis of ALS and warrant further investigation.     

热休克蛋白90在人精子冻融前后的表达及其意义

目的　研究热休克蛋白 90 (HSP90 )在人精子中的定位及其在冻融前后的变化。方法　应用间接免疫酶细胞化学技术定位HSP90在人精子中的部位 ,联合使用计算机图像分析技术对 2 0例正常男性的精液进行冻融前后精子HSP90表达的定量差异研究。结果　HSP90定位于人精子的体部与尾部。图像分析共识别冻融前精子43 6个 ,冻融后精子 484个。冻融前精子HSP90表达的平均灰度值和积分灰度值分别为 69.2 9± 11.16和 692 5 .73± 3 184.84,冻融后精子HSP90表达的平均灰度值和积分灰度值分别为 61.3 6± 10 .72和 5 75 7.41± 2 3 15 .2 4,两者相比均有极显著差异 (P <0 .0 1)。结论　冻融后精子HSP90的表达量出现较为明显的下降 ,这种下降可能是精子在冻融后运动特性改变的基础     

皮纹图像数据库系统的设计和实现

目前,皮纹学研究的方法和手段还有待于提高,而利用计算机技术构建功能强大的,快速灵活的皮纹图像数据库可以使皮纹研究工作大为轻松而且更有效率.本文根据皮纹图像的特点,再结合计算机发展的最新技术介绍了皮纹图像数据库系统的设计.它包括了选择哪一种数据库平台、数据库的内部、外部构成、数据库设计所遵循的物理、逻辑原则、数据库表的设计以及客户端应用程序的设计等.测试结果表明:该系统比较满意地实现预期目标.     

Natural stibnite ore (Sb2S3) embedded in sulfur-doped carbon sheets: enhanced electrochemical properties as anode for sodium ions storage

Antimony sulfide (Sb₂S₃) has drawn widespread attention as an ideal candidate anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its high specific capacity of 946 mA h g⁻¹ in conversion and alloy reactions. Nevertheless, volume expansion, a common flaw for conversion-alloy type materials during the sodiation and desodiation processes, is bad for the structure of materials and thus obstructs the application of antimony sulfide in energy storage. A common approach to solve this problem is by introducing carbon or other matrices as buffer material. However, the common preparation of Sb₂S₃ could result in environmental pollution and excessive energy consumption in most cases. To incorporate green chemistry, natural stibnite ore (Sb₂S₃) after modification via carbon sheets was applied as a first-hand material in SIBs through a facile and efficient strategy. The unique composites exhibited an outstanding electrochemical performance with a higher reversible capacity, a better rate capability, as well as an excellent cycling stability compared to that of the natural stibnite ore. In short, the study is expected to offer a new approach to improve Sb₂S₃ composites as an anode in SIBs and a reference for the development of natural ore as a first-hand material in energy storage.

Antimony sulfide (Sb₂S₃) has drawn widespread attention as an ideal candidate anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) due to its high specific capacity of 946 mA h g⁻¹ in conversion and alloy reactions.     

对乙酰氨基酚溶液剂及其药物动力学研究

研制了对乙酰氨基酚溶液剂（５ｇ／０．１Ｌ），建立了高效液相色谱法（ＨＰＬＣ－ＵＶ）测定血药浓度。以Ｔｙｈｅｎｏｌ○Ｒ（ＭｃＮｅｉｌ，ＵＳＡ）混悬液为对照品，研究了自制对乙酰氨基酚溶液剂在８名健康志愿受试者体内的药物动力学。结果显示，对乙酰氨基酚溶液剂在人体内的动力学以二室线性模型描述为宜，其主要药物动力学参数分别为α＝０．６１５２ｈ－１，β＝０．１９２５ｈ－１，ｔ１２＝３．６２ｈ，Ｋａ＝３．８８６４ｈ－１，ＡＵＣ０→∞＝７７．２３ｈ·μｇ／ｍｌ，相对于Ｔｙｌｅｎｏｌ○Ｒ混悬剂的生物利用度为９８．８５％。     

93例误诊为恶性淋巴瘤病理分析

1962～1981年,我科将其它肿瘤或非肿瘤性病变误诊为恶性淋巴瘤共93例,占同期收治该类病人的17.8%。其部位分布依次为头颈部56例,胃肠道9例,腹股沟7例,肠系膜6例,躯干和四肢皮下5例,腋下1例,部位不详9例。复查后诊断:原发性未分化癌31例,反应性淋巴组织增生26例,转移性低分化癌21例,其它少见肿瘤共15例。     

Atorvastatin and whisker stimulation synergistically enhance angiogenesis in the barrel cortex of rats following focal ischemia

Physical therapy can promote neurovascular plasticity and functional recovery after CNS disorders such as ischemic stroke. We have previously demonstrated that whisker stimulation promotes angiogenesis in the penumbra of the ischemic barrel cortex. The aim of this study was to examine whether atorvastatin and whisker stimulation can act synergistically in enhancing angiogenesis in the barrel cortex following ischemia. Rats were divided into sham-operation, control, atorvastatin-treatment, whisker stimulation and combination therapy groups. And they were trained continuously for 10 trials per half day until the rat fulfilled 80% correct choices for continuous thirty trials, which were considered to reach the criteria. The number was significantly less in the combination therapy group than that in the whisker stimulation group (P<0.01). Immunofluorescence was used to detect angiogenesis 14d following focal ischemia. These data showed that the combination therapy was more effective in enhancing VEGF and BDNF expression than whisker stimulation (P<0.01). Our study indicated that atorvastatin can improve the discrimination ability of whisker stimulation in rats and amplify post-ischemic angiogenesis induced by whisker stimulation, potentially via enhanced expression of VEGF and BDNF in the peri-infarct region.