高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中阿莫西林浓度及药代动力学

高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中阿莫西林浓度及药代动力学谭力周继红罗楠袁倚盛（南京军区南京总医院中心仪器分析科，南京２１０００１）阿莫西林（ａｍｏｘｉｃｉｌｉｎ）为β内酰胺类抗生素，其抗菌谱广，口服受食物影响小，对大多数病人耐受性良好，因而在临床上得以广泛...     

Familial clustering of insulin sensitivity.

This study's objective was to determine whether there is familial clustering of insulin sensitivity (SI) or insulin-independent glucose uptake (SG), which would be evidence that they are genetically determined traits. Outpatients had a 3-h intravenous glucose tolerance test. Nondiabetic individuals (n = 183), ranging in age from 16 to 60 yr, were from 105 families that had 2 parents with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Of these families, 62 contributed 1 offspring, 21 contributed 2, 13 contributed 3, 6 contributed 4, and 2 and 1 contributed 5 and 6, respectively. The minimal model of glucose disposal and the glucose and insulin values from the intravenous glucose tolerance tests were used to estimate SI and SG. The intraclass correlation coefficient was used to compare the within-family variability of SI and SG with the respective between-family distributions. The intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.26 (P = 0.008) for SI and 0.081 (P = 0.45) for SG. SI and SG were uncorrelated (r = -0.059, P = 0.42). The intraclass correlation of SI could not be explained by familial clustering of fasting insulin or ideal body weight. Finally, the 10 families with the lowest values of SI had a significantly higher within-sibship variability of SI than the other 33 families (P less than 0.001, F test). SI but not SG showed familial clustering, which is consistent with a polygenic determinant of SI. In addition, a large within-family variability of SI in some families is compatible with a major gene effect with a dominant mode of inheritance.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

抗胆碱药3-(2-苯基-2-环戊基-2-羟基-乙氧基)奎宁环烷的立体化学和构效关系

研究了强效抗胆碱药dl-3-(2-苯基-2-环戊基-2-羟基-乙氧基)-奎宁环烷的四个光学异构体的两种不对称合成方法,用HPLC检测了异构体含量,讨论了构效关系。     

苯丙胺诱发小鼠激怒反应及其机制

苯丙胺15mg/kg ip能诱发小鼠激怒反应,使小鼠出现攻击和殴斗行为。强安定药、弱安定药和利血平有明显拮抗效果。镇静剂如巴比妥类、抗胆碱药及抗肾上腺素药均无拮抗作用。金刚胺、左旋多巴和阿扑吗啡均能增强苯丙胺的激怒效应。因苯丙胺激怒小鼠的方法简便易行,可作为筛选抗精神病药的动物模型。苯丙胺产生激怒作用的机制与增强多巴胺能神经的功能有关,推测可能是促进边缘系统多巴胺释放的结果。