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排序方式: 共有632条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Koichi Masuda Robert L Sah Michael J Hejna Eugene J-M A Thonar 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2003,21(1):139-148
Most attempts to tissue-engineer cartilage have involved seeding of cultured cells into a biological or synthetic scaffold. We have developed a novel two-step culture approach that makes possible the in vitro formation of cartilaginous-like tissue by mature adult bovine chondrocytes without the aid of a synthetic matrix. The first step consists of culturing chondrocytes under conditions that maintain their rounded shape and their molecular phenotype as assessed by type II collagen and aggrecan production. This step was accomplished by culturing the isolated chondrocytes in alginate beads until the cells have reestablished a proteoglycan-rich cell-associated matrix (CM). The second step consists of culturing the cells with their CM, after recovery from the beads, on a tissue culture insert with a porous membrane. In this study, young adult bovine articular chondrocytes were cultured in alginate beads in the presence of 10% or 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS). After 7 days of culture, the alginate beads were dissolved by incubating the beads for 20 min in sodium citrate buffer, a calcium chelator. Following a brief centrifugation, the cells with their CM were recovered, resuspended in medium containing 10% or 20% FBS and seeded onto a tissue culture insert. After 1 week of culture on the insert, the individual cells with their CM progressively became incorporated into a mass of cartilaginous tissue. Culture with 20% FBS resulted in the best formation of tissues. These tissues, easily recovered from the insert, were then subjected to biochemical and histological analyses. The biochemical results showed that the chondrocytes remain phenotypically stable in the tissues. The de novo tissue has a relatively high ratio of PG/collagen. Histological examination of the tissue revealed it contained a cartilage-like matrix strongly stained with toluidine blue. This scaffold-free system appears ideal to study, in vitro, the development of transplantable cartilaginous tissue. 相似文献
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Acute appendicitis: CT and US correlation in 100 patients 总被引:19,自引:1,他引:18
3.
Perforated colorectal neoplasms: correlation of clinical, contrast enema, and CT examinations 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Hulnick DH; Megibow AJ; Balthazar EJ; Gordon RB; Surapenini R; Bosniak MA 《Radiology》1987,164(3):611-615
Results of clinical, contrast enema (CE), and computed tomographic (CT) examinations in 39 patients with perforated colorectal neoplasms were retrospectively reviewed. Twenty patients were toxemic at initial presentation, but in only four patients was the diagnosis of perforated colorectal neoplasm initially suspected clinically. CE study was performed in 22 patients and enabled the diagnosis of perforated neoplasm in 11 cases, neoplasm alone in eight, and neither neoplasm nor perforation in three. CT was performed in 38 patients and enabled the diagnosis of perforated neoplasm in 36; pericolic phlegmon but no mass lesion was evident in two. In 16 patients, CT also demonstrated metastatic disease. Because of its reliability in establishing the diagnosis and staging the extent of the inflammatory and neoplastic disease, CT is indicated in cases of suspected or proved perforated colorectal neoplasm and in cases in which CE study findings are indeterminate or suggestive of perforated neoplasm. 相似文献
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Steenbergen EJ; Verhagen OJ; van Leeuwen EF; van den Berg H; von dem Borne AE; van der Schoot CE 《Blood》1995,86(2):692-702
Crosslineage T-cell receptor delta (TCR delta) rearrangements are widely used as tumor markers for the follow up of minimal residual disease in childhood B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The major drawback of this approach is the risk of false-negative results due to clonal evolution. We investigated the stability of V delta 2D delta 3 rearrangements in a group of 56 childhood B-precursor ALL patients by PCR and Southern blot analysis. At the PCR level, V delta 2D delta 3-to-J alpha rearranged subclones (one pathway for secondary TCR delta recombination) were demonstrated in 85.2% of V delta 2D delta 3-positive patients tested, which showed that small subclones are present in the large majority of patients despite apparently monoclonal TCR delta Southern blot patterns. Sequence analysis of V delta 2D delta 3J alpha rearrangements showed a biased J alpha gene usage, with HAPO5 and J alpha F in 26 of 32 and 6 of 32 clones, respectively. Comparison of V delta 2D delta 3 rearrangement status between diagnosis and first relapse showed differences in seven of eight patients studied. In contrast, from first relapse onward, no clonal changes were observed in six patients studied. To investigate the occurrence of crosslineage TCR delta rearrangements in normal B and T cells, fluorescence-activated cell sorter-sorted peripheral blood CD19+/CD3- and CD19-/CD3+ cell populations from three healthy donors were analyzed. V delta 2D delta 3 rearrangements were detected at low frequencies in both B and T cells, which suggests that V delta 2-to-D delta 3 joining also occurs during normal B-cell differentiation. A model for crosslineage TCR delta rearrangements in B-precursor ALL is deduced that explains the observed clonal changes between diagnosis and relapse and is compatible with multistep leukemogenesis of B-precursor ALL. 相似文献
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Sequence comparison of human and yeast telomeres identifies structurally distinct subtelomeric domains 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
Flint J; Bates GP; Clark K; Dorman A; Willingham D; Roe BA; Micklem G; Higgs DR; Louis EJ 《Human molecular genetics》1997,6(8):1305-1313
We have sequenced and compared DNA from the ends of three human
chromosomes: 4p, 16p and 22q. In all cases the pro-terminal regions are
subdivided by degenerate (TTAGGG)n repeats into distal and proximal sub-
domains with entirely different patterns of homology to other chromosome
ends. The distal regions contain numerous, short (<2 kb) segments of
interrupted homology to many other human telomeric regions. The proximal
regions show much longer (approximately 10-40 kb) uninterrupted homology to
a few chromosome ends. A comparison of all yeast subtelomeric regions
indicates that they too are subdivided by degenerate TTAGGG repeats into
distal and proximal sub-domains with similarly different patterns of
identity to other non-homologous chromosome ends. Sequence comparisons
indicate that the distal and proximal sub-domains do not interact with each
other and that they interact quite differently with the corresponding
regions on other, non- homologous, chromosomes. These findings suggest that
the degenerate TTAGGG repeats identify a previously unrecognized,
evolutionarily conserved boundary between remarkably different subtelomeric
domains.
相似文献
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