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排序方式: 共有1506条查询结果,搜索用时 11 毫秒
1.
Sonoelasticity imaging of prostate cancer: in vitro results 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
2.
G Oberhuber T Schmid R Erdk?nig W Thaler D Ofner G K?r?szi G Klima R Margreiter 《European surgical research. Europ?ische chirurgische Forschung. Recherches chirurgicales européennes》1991,23(3-4):206-213
The effect of ciclosporin (CS) and methotrexate (MTX) on the development of graft-versus-host (GvH) disease was examined after small bowel allotransplantation in the rat. The drugs were tested either alone or in combination. Lewis small bowel allografts were transplantated into Brown Norway recipients in a heterotopic position. The native small bowel, spleen, liver, skin, mesenteric lymph nodes and the kidney of the recipients were examined histologically 5, 10 and 20 days after allotransplantation. Intraepithelial lymphocyte numbers were determined quantitatively in the native small bowel. The relative spleen weight of the host was determined after sacrifice for estimation of the severity of GvH disease. Grade I GvH reaction of the native small bowel occurred in the animals without immunosuppression, but graft rejection predominated in this group. Treatment with CS was effective in the early postoperative periods; after 10 and 20 days GvH lesions in the native small bowel were comparable to those observed in the allogeneic combinations. MTX had a detrimental effect on the allografts and the GvH reaction was augmented. When CS and MTX were combined, GvH lesions were comparable to those in the animals treated solely with CS. Animals, however, suffered from heavy side effects. The spleen, liver, lymph nodes and kidney exhibited only unspecific histologic changes, which could not unequivocally be recognized as a GvH reaction. This was true for all groups. As a conclusion it can be said that GvH reaction occurs in the early postoperative period in a fully allogeneic model and cannot be prevented by CS in the dosae used. MTX was not seen to be of any value in this regard. 相似文献
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Assessment of long-term quality of life after laparoscopic and open surgery for Crohn''s disease 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
K. Thaler A. Dinnewitzer M. Oberwalder E. G. Weiss J. J. Nogueras S. D. Wexner 《Colorectal disease》2005,7(4):375-381
OBJECTIVE: Surgery for Crohn's disease (CD) is associated with a high recurrence rate and quality of life (QOL) in these patients is controversial. The aim of this study was to assess QOL in patients after laparoscopic and open surgery for CD by two different validated instruments, a generic nonspecific score and a specific gastrointestinal QOL index. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients with CD who underwent elective laparoscopic or open ileocaecal resection with primary anastomosis between 1992 and 2000 were followed for recurrence and surgery-related complications. QOL was assessed by the SF-36 Health Survey containing a mental (MCS) and a physical (PCS) component summary score and by the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI) developed by Eypasch. RESULTS: Thirty-seven patients with a mean age of 48.8 +/- 18.4 years including 23 females and 14 males were evaluated at a mean follow-up of 42.6 +/-25.8 months (minimum of 8 months). Twenty-one (57%) patients underwent laparoscopic resection and 16 (43%) open surgery. Both groups were well matched for age, gender, ASA class and body mass index. Fourteen (38%) patients developed recurrent disease and 3 (8%) had postoperative incisional hernias. Overall, QOL scores were 103 +/- 26.8 for the GIQLI, 47.2 +/- 11.8 for the PCS, and 49.2 +/- 11.5 for the MCS. The GIQLI correlated well with the SF36, correlation coefficient = 0.68 for GIQLI vs PCS (95% CI, 0.41,0.95) and 0.67 for GIQLI vs MCS (95%CI, 0.39, 0.95), respectively. When compared to the general US population, mean GIQLI scores (-13.8, P = 0.002) and mean PCS scores (-4.7, P = 0.001) were significantly lower in these patients than in healthy individuals. In a multivariate analysis of impact factors on QOL, recurrence within the follow-up period was the single significant determinant reducing the PCS (-35.1, P = 0.026) and the GIQLI (-36.1, P = 0.018). CONCLUSION: QOL is significantly reduced in patients with CD at long-term follow-up after both laparoscopic and open surgery. Recurrence is the only factor adversely affecting QOL of CD patients in remission irrespective of the operative technique applied. 相似文献
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6.
The indications for elective treatment of the neck in cancer of the major salivary glands. 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
J G Armstrong L B Harrison H T Thaler H Friedlander-Klar D E Fass M J Zelefsky J P Shah E W Strong R H Spiro 《Cancer》1992,69(3):615-619
To define the indications for elective neck treatment, the cases of 474 previously untreated patients were reviewed who had locally confined major salivary gland cancers treated between 1939 and 1982. Clinically positive nodes were present in 14% (67 of 474). Overall, clinically occult, pathologically positive nodes occurred in 12% (47 of 407). By univariate analysis, several factors appeared to predict the risk of occult metastases; however, multivariate analysis revealed that only size and grade were significant risk factors. Tumors 4 cm or more in size had a 20% (32 of 164) risk of occult metastases compared with a 4% (nine of 220) risk for smaller tumors (P less than 0.00001). High-grade tumors (regardless of histologic type) had a 49% (29 of 59) risk of occult metastases compared with a 7% (15 of 221) risk for intermediate-grade or low-grade tumors (P less than 0.00001). In view of the low frequency of occult metastases in the entire group, routine elective treatment of the neck is not recommended. High-grade tumors and larger tumors have a high rate of occult neck metastases, and treatment should be considered in this group. 相似文献
7.
Screening for early ovarian cancer 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
8.
C Ludescher C Gattringer A R Weger J Drach J Thaler R Bitschmann H Huber 《Leukemia research》1992,16(2):191-196
Using flow cytometry peripheral blood samples of 37 consecutive patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and 17 consecutive patients with leukemic immunocytoma (IC) were studied in order to determine quantitative differences in the surface immunoglobulin (slg) density. In 8/37 (21.6%) cases of B-CLL and 1/17 (5.9%) cases of IC slg staining remained in the control level. Analysis of slg-positive cases demonstrated a close association between the amount of slg and diagnosis: per case the mean calculated fluorescence intensity for IC lymphocytes was 209.7 arbitrary linear intensity units (IU) (median: 156.4, standard error of the mean (SEM): 53.7) and for B-CLL lymphocytes 10.8 IU (median: 7.3, SEM: 1.1; p less than 0.0001). Altogether, 94.6% of all B-CLL patients and 76.5% of all IC patients were correctly classified when a cut-off point was fixed at a mean fluorescence intensity value of 20.0 IU. The percentage of leukemic cells as characterized by CD19 and HLA-DR reactivity was significantly lower in cases of IC (p less than 0.03 and p less than 0.01, respectively). In both entities disease progression occurred more frequently in advanced stages (II-IV) according to the Rai classification (p less than 0.01). In progressive disease rather than in stable disease circulating T lymphocytes were shown to express decreased amounts of surface CD3 antigen (p less than 0.02). We conclude that the quantitative assessment of surface antigens in addition to their qualitative characterization provides accurate information. In particular, the diagnostic discrimination between B-CLL and IC may be improved by determining the lymphocytes' slg amount. 相似文献
9.
10.
Focal hepatosplenic candidiasis has been recognized with increasing frequency in recent years. We reviewed the cases of eight patients seen between 1982 and 1985, and information on 60 patients whose cases have been reported in the world literature. The characteristics of focal hepatosplenic candidiasis include persistent fever in a neutropenic patient whose leukocyte count is returning to normal, often coupled with abdominal pain; an elevated alkaline phosphatase level; and less commonly, rebound leukocytosis. The characteristic "bull's eye" lesions seen with hepatic ultrasound examination or computed tomography generally are not detectable until neutrophil recovery has occurred. Diagnosis can be established only by biopsy evidence of yeasts or pseudohyphae in the granulomatous lesions. Cultures are frequently negative, however, especially in patients who have been pretreated with antifungal agents. We review the evolving nature of hepatosplenic candidiasis, focusing on diagnosis and treatment. 相似文献