全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2762篇 |
免费 | 174篇 |
国内免费 | 19篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 34篇 |
儿科学 | 45篇 |
妇产科学 | 19篇 |
基础医学 | 314篇 |
口腔科学 | 66篇 |
临床医学 | 252篇 |
内科学 | 872篇 |
皮肤病学 | 85篇 |
神经病学 | 222篇 |
特种医学 | 58篇 |
外科学 | 350篇 |
综合类 | 11篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 168篇 |
眼科学 | 51篇 |
药学 | 138篇 |
中国医学 | 3篇 |
肿瘤学 | 266篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 26篇 |
2022年 | 25篇 |
2021年 | 60篇 |
2020年 | 26篇 |
2019年 | 58篇 |
2018年 | 72篇 |
2017年 | 49篇 |
2016年 | 46篇 |
2015年 | 67篇 |
2014年 | 52篇 |
2013年 | 55篇 |
2012年 | 98篇 |
2011年 | 122篇 |
2010年 | 83篇 |
2009年 | 69篇 |
2008年 | 136篇 |
2007年 | 104篇 |
2006年 | 130篇 |
2005年 | 106篇 |
2004年 | 134篇 |
2003年 | 118篇 |
2002年 | 131篇 |
2001年 | 118篇 |
2000年 | 97篇 |
1999年 | 86篇 |
1998年 | 31篇 |
1997年 | 42篇 |
1996年 | 35篇 |
1995年 | 19篇 |
1994年 | 23篇 |
1993年 | 23篇 |
1992年 | 76篇 |
1991年 | 47篇 |
1990年 | 63篇 |
1989年 | 60篇 |
1988年 | 46篇 |
1987年 | 46篇 |
1986年 | 39篇 |
1985年 | 51篇 |
1984年 | 39篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1982年 | 14篇 |
1979年 | 19篇 |
1978年 | 16篇 |
1977年 | 18篇 |
1974年 | 20篇 |
1973年 | 24篇 |
1972年 | 15篇 |
1970年 | 17篇 |
1967年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有2955条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Intraductal papillary mucinous tumor (IPMT) of the pancreas is characterized by slow growth and a relatively favorable prognosis, however, invasive cancer originating in an IPMT is associated with a poor prognosis. Although various parameters in imaging modalities have been advocated to differentiate between benign IPMN and malignant ones, it is not easy to obtain definite diagnosis based on these parameters. Peroral pancreatoscopy (POPS) allows a clear and direct visualization of the pancreatic duct, providing useful information regarding tumor nature in IPMT. The authors have studied the usefulness of POPS in the diagnosis of IPMT. Nevertheless, its usefulness is not necessarily widely accepted and the significance of POPS is still controversial. In this review, the authors intended to address the diagnostic value of POPS and to clarify its role in the diagnosis of IPMT. The authors think treatment of IPMT can be improved by introducing POPS because the determination of surgical procedure as well as the area of resection based on the preoperative diagnosis of the involvement of the main pancreatic duct and branch duct is inevitable. 相似文献
4.
Kenichi Okubo Masashi Kobayashi Hiromasa Morikawa Eiichi Hayatsu 《The Japanese Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery》2006,54(7):268-272
Objective: Induction chemoradiotherapy followed by anatomical resection is a current therapeutic strategy for non-small-cell lung cancer
with mediastinal node involvement. Dense peritracheal fibrosis and sclerosis after chemoradiotherapy cause difficult mediastinal
node dissection. We evaluated a novel technique to make the mediastinal node dissection easier after induction therapy. Methods: At the end of mediastinoscopic node biopsy for staging of lung cancer, cotton-type collagen was inserted anterior and lateral
to the trachea in patients with pathologically confirmed mediastinal node involve-ment (n=45). The induction therapy consisted
of concurrent use of platinum-based chemotherapy and hyperfractionated radiotherapy. After the chemoradiotherapy all patients
underwent a pulmonary resection with complete mediastinal node dissection 7–12 weeks after the collagen insertion. Surgical
findings of the mediastinum and the time for node dissection were compared with those without collagen insertion at mediastinoscopy
after chemoradiotherapy (n=5). Results: All five patients without collagen insertion showed sclerotic and fibrotic change of mediastinal nodes with severe adhesion
to the trachea. In 42 of 45 patients with collagen insertion (93.3%) the collagen remained unabsorbed and separated the mediastinal
nodes from the trachea. Mediastinal node dissection was easily accomplished by removing mediastinal tissues lateral and anterior
to the collagen. The rate of mediastinal node separation was significantly higher with collagen insertion than without (p<
0.0001). The times for node dissection in patients with and without collagen insertion showed no significant difference. Conclusion: Cotton-type collagen insertion at staging mediastinoscopy for lung cancer separates the mediastinal nodes from the trachea
and makes the node dissection easier after induction chemoradiotherapy. 相似文献
5.
6.
Yuhei Okubo Junji Yonese Satoru Kawakami Sinya Yamamoto Yoshinobu Komai Hideki Takeshita Yuichi Ishikawa Iwao Fukui 《International journal of urology》2007,14(9):854-855
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) causes many kinds of symptoms such as hypercalcemia, hypertension, polycythemia and fever. Here we describe a rare case of RCC presenting with a persistent cough. After radical nephrectomy, the obstinate cough disappeared. When the tumor recurred locally, the cough also recurred. Furthermore, the cough disappeared completely again after the removal of the recurrent tumor. Although all the clinical findings suggested that the RCC caused the cough, we could not identify a specific humoral substance responsible for the cough. 相似文献
7.
Effects of fenoterol on ventilatory responses to hypoxia and hypercapnia in normal subjects. 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Thorax》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
BACKGROUND--The effects of beta 2 adrenergic agonists on chemoreceptors remain controversial. This study was designed to examine whether fenoterol, a beta 2 adrenergic agonist, increases the ventilatory responses to hypercapnia (HCVR) and hypoxia (HVR) in normal subjects. METHODS--HCVR was tested with a rebreathing method and HVR was examined with a progressive isocapnic hypoxic method in 11 normal subjects. Both HCVR and HVR were assessed by the slope of occlusion pressure (P0.1) or ventilation (VE) plotted against end tidal carbon dioxide pressure and arterial oxygen saturation, respectively. Respiratory muscle strength, spirometric values and lung volume were measured. After a single oral administration of 5 mg fenoterol or placebo HCVR and HVR were evaluated. RESULTS--Fenoterol treatment did not change the specific airway conductance or forced expiratory volume in one second. Respiratory muscle strength did not change. Fenoterol increased the slope of the HCVR of both P0.1 (from 0.251 (0.116) to 0.386 (0.206) kPa/kPa, average increase 71%) and VE (from 10.7 (3.4) to 15.1 (4.2) l/min/kPa, average increase 52%), and shifted the response curves to higher values. For the HVR fenoterol increased the slopes of both P0.1 and VE (from -4.06 (2.00) x 10(-3) to -7.99 (4.29) x 10(-3) kPa/%, an average increase of 83%, and from -0.221 (0.070) to -0.313 (0.112) l/min/%, a 44.5% increase, respectively), and shifted the response curves to higher values. CONCLUSION--Acute administration of fenoterol increases the ventilatory responses to both hypercapnia and hypoxia in normal subjects. 相似文献
8.
The cardiac myosin light chain I (LCI) is one of the cardiac muscle structural proteins. A sensitive immunoradiometric assay kit for LCI by using LCI monoclonal antibodies is developed. We estimated LCI in the patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) and Kugelberg-Welander disease (KW). The results suggested that LCI has close relationships with the functional disturbances of skeletal muscles, especially disturbances of pulmonary ventilation. Therefore we studied properties and localizations of LCI in the skeletal muscles by Western blotting and immunohistochemical methods. In Western blotting method LCI monoclonal antibodies have a band of 27 KD proteins of skeletal muscles. LCI has also found to be localized in type 1 fibers in frozen sections of biopsied of human skeletal muscles. LCI was measured from 47 patients with DMD and 8 patients with KW. The average serum LCI levels in the patients with DMD were 11.79 ng/dl and its levels in the patients with KW were in the normal range (under 2.5 ng/dl). Among 12 patients receiving negative pressure chest respirator, the levels of LCI were also under 2.5 ng/dl. Serum LCI decreased with increasing age and reduced physical activity. The levels of LCI has obvious positive correlations with CK and myoglobin. These results suggested that the measurements of serum LCI are useful as one of the markers of disease severity and the determination of suitable time of using respirator. 相似文献
9.
Masako Tsunematsu Taketo Yamaji Daisuke Kozutsumi Rika Murakami Shigeki Kimura Kohsuke Kino 《Allergology international》2007,56(4):465-472
BACKGROUND: We are developing an immunotherapeutic peptide, Cry-consensus peptide, for Japanese cedar pollinosis. Cry-consensus peptide is a recombinant polypeptide containing six major human T-cell epitopes derived from both Cry j 1 and Cry j 2, two major allergens of Japanese cedar pollen. We examined the effect of Cry-consensus peptide on an allergic rhinitis model in B10.S mice, which have one common T-cell epitope in the Cry-consensus peptide. METHODS: B10.S mice were sensitized with Cry j 1/alum, then the Cry-consensus peptide was administered subcutaneously once a week for 5 weeks from the last sensitization. Histamine was dropped in both nostrils (10 microL per nostril) of each mouse on the day before continuous intranasal instillation of Cry j 1. Soon after the final challenge with Cry j 1, the mice were observed for 5 minutes for the resulting number of sneezes. In addition, serum levels of Cry j 1-specific IgE and IgG2a antibody, eosinophil infiltration in nasal tissue, and Cry j 1-specific cytokine production from splenocytes were evaluated. RESULTS: Cry-consensus peptide markedly inhibited Cry j 1-induced sneezes, eosinophil infiltration, and eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) activity in nasal tissue. Cry-consensus peptide inhibited the production of anti-Cry j 1 IgE (Th2-mediated) and significantly enhanced anti-Cry j 1 IgG2a (Th1-mediated). In cytokine production from splenocytes, Cry-consensus peptide significantly decreased in IL-4/IFN-gamma and IL-5/IFN-gamma ratios. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that Cry-consensus peptide effectively controlled allergic responses, which results from shifting from a Th2-dominated to a Th1-dominated immune response. 相似文献
10.