对诊断PADAM的游离睾酮指数的评估

目的 评价诊断中老年男子部分雄激素缺乏综合征（PADAM）的游离睾酮指数（FTI）.方法 对129例45岁以上健康男性的FTI进行年龄相关分析.以推算的游离睾酮（CFT）值为依据,对FTI进行有效性检验.结果 男子在中老年期FTI与增龄呈明显的负相关.FTI敏感性97.78%,特异性58.33%.结论 计算简单的FTI可用于PADAM病人的筛选和随访,尤其对70岁以上男子是血清FT较为有效的参数.     

炎琥宁与阿奇霉素联合治疗小儿支原体肺炎

目的:探讨炎琥宁辅助治疗小儿支原体肺炎的疗效.方法:将141例临床确诊的支原体肺炎患儿随机分为两组,治疗组71例,应用阿奇霉素加炎琥宁静点.对照组70例,单纯使用阿奇霉素治疗.结果:治疗组有效率96%,对照组有效率87%,两组统计学差异显著(P＜0.05),治疗组疗效优于对照组.结论:炎琥宁辅助治疗小儿支原体肺炎,临床症状消失快,疗效显著,无明显不良反应,值得推广.     

对诊断PADAM的血清游离睾酮界限值的初探

目的探寻诊断中老年男子部分雄激素缺乏综合征(PADAM)血清游离睾酮(FT)的界限值。方法根据60例45岁以上健康男性完成伊斯坦布尔症状量表(ISS)与视听性刺激(AVSS)时阴茎勃起监测结果进行分组,计算AVSS勃起功能正常组推算的游离睾酮(CFT)值的参考范围。结果AVSS勃起功能正常组CFT的中位数为0．37(0．20～0．52)nmol/L,异常组的中位数为0．25(0．12～0．40)nmol/L,z=2．25,P＜0．05,差别有显著性意义。两组性功能症状的差别也有极显著性意义(P＜0．01)。CFT的界限值是0．20nmol/L。结论研究用ISS和AVSS勃起功能正常对象的血清FT值,可为诊断PADAM建立界限值。     

上海市外来人员肺结核病分布与临床特征

目的：了解上海市外来人口中肺结核病人的分布和临床特征。方法：对1996年1～12月全市外来人口活动性肺结核病报告登记资料进行分析。结果：外来人员肺结核病人总数达2279人，青壮年占总病例65％以上；男性病例为主；主要来源于江苏、浙江、安徽、四川、江西等省；登记病人来沪暂居地主要集中在市区及城乡地区，外来人口结核病管理重点在市区及城乡地区。病人分型以Ⅲ型为主。查痰率仅60．1％，但排菌率高达40％。外来人。的病例发现工作及治疗管理难度较大，目前登记病例规则化疗仅占10．4％。结论：有必要通过有关部门的共同协作，拟定切实可行的外来人口结核病管理办法。     

Poly(D,L-lactic acid) surfaces modified by silk fibroin: effects on the culture of osteoblast in vitro.

The objective of this study was to modify the surface of poly(D,L-lactic acid) (PDLLA) with different molecular weight of silk fibroins, and assess the effects of the modified surfaces on the functions of rat osteoblasts cultured in vitro. The properties of the modified PDLLA surface and the control one were investigated by contact angle and electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA). The former indicated the variation of hydrophilicity and the latter suggested that the modified PDLLA film using silk fibroin is enriched with nitrogen atoms. The biocompatibility of the PDLLA film may be altered and in turn affects the seeded cell functions. Therefore, attachment and proliferation of osteoblasts seeded on the modified PDLLA films and the control one were examined. Cell morphologies on these films were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. In addition, differentiated cell function was assessed by measuring the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. These results suggest that the silk fibroin-modified PDLLA surface can improve the interaction between osteoblasts and the PDLLA films.     

Approach selection and outcomes of craniopharyngioma resection: a single-institute study

Neurosurgical Review - Since there are many approaches for successful craniopharyngioma resection, how to choose a suitable approach remains problematic. The aim of this study was to summarize...     

上海市社区获得性肺炎住院患者致病菌及耐药性分析

目的了解上海市成人社区获得性肺炎住院患者痰培养和血培养致病菌分布及其耐药情况,为治疗提供依据。方法分析住院患者痰培养和血培养致病菌检出的阳性率、各种致病菌的分布以及常见致病菌的药物敏感情况。结果痰培养患者442例,阳性率为32.3%,血培养97例,阳性率为5.2%。单纯1种致病菌感染者114例,2种以上致病菌复合感染者30例,年龄较大、有基础疾病的患者细菌培养阳性的比例较大。由细菌培养结果发现革兰氏阳性致病菌16株(8.8%),革兰氏阴性致病菌97株(53.6%),真菌68株(37.6%)。肺炎克雷伯氏菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、阴沟肠杆菌对部分抗生素耐药率较高。结论痰培养和血培养只能确定少数患者的病原体,其中以革兰氏阴性致病菌和真菌较为多见,革兰氏阳性致病菌所占比例较小。4种革兰氏阴性菌对部分抗生素耐药率较高。     

不同检测系统17项常规生化结果的比对和偏倚评估

目的探讨不同检测系统间常规生化结果的可比性,为不同实验室检验结果的互认和实验室认可提供依据。方法参考美国临床实验室标准化委员会（NCCLS）的EP9-A2文件,以Modular PPI检测系统为目标,用患者新鲜血清对不同自建检测系统的17项常规生化结果与目标系统进行比对,计算自建检测系统（y）和目标检测系统（x）之间的相对偏差,以美国临床医学检验部门修正法规（CLIA’88）允许总误差的1／2为标准,判断检验结果的可比性。结果自建检测系统1的总胆红素（TBil）、直接胆红素（DBil）、1-谷氨酰基转移酶（GGT）、三酰甘油（TG）、总钙（TCa）、无机磷（IP）与目标系统不具可比性,自建检测系统2的白蛋白（Alb）、TBil、DBil、TG、IP与目标系统不具可比性,自建检测系统3的所有17个项目与目标系统均具可比性。结论自建检测系统与目标系统的常规生化结果依项目不同存在不同程度的偏差。当用2个以上的检测系统检测同一检验项目时．应进行方法比对和偏倚评估,以实现检验结果的可比性。     

Suppression of MMQ cells by fulvestrant: possible mechanism of action and potential application for bromocriptine-resistant prolactinomas

Bromocriptine is an effective treatment for most prolactinomas. Estrogen receptor (ER) antagonists are an alternative for treating patients with bromocriptine-resistant prolactinomas (BCRP). Previously, we reported that fulvestrant, a selective ER antagonist, significantly inhibited the proliferation of, and prolactin secretion by, MMQ cells, a prolactin-secreting rat pituitary cell line, an exemplary model for prolactinoma. In this study, we used fulvestrant to block ERα expression by MMQ cells and analyzed the expression of β-catenin and Wnt inhibitory factor-1 (WIF1) to investigate the effects of fulvestrant on the Wnt signaling pathway. In addition, we examined the gene expression of ERα, β-catenin and WIF1 in clinical BCRP specimens to explore the correlation between gender and clinical features. There was no significant difference in β-catenin expression between fulvestrant-treated cells and untreated cells, whereas WIF1 expression was higher in the treated cells. In clinical BCRP specimens, ERα expression was higher (especially in male patients), whereas β-catenin expression was similar to normal pituitaries. In addition, WIF1 expression was significantly lower in BCRP specimens than in normal pituitaries. The tumor volume was larger in male patients than in female patients. Prolactin concentration was positively correlated with tumor volume, and a positive linear correlation was observed between ERα expression and tumor volume. In conclusion, the anti-tumor activity of fulvestrant on MMQ cells seems to be associated with ERα and the non-canonical Wnt pathway, and higher ERα levels in male patients with BCRP may contribute to the larger tumor volumes observed. Fulvestrant holds promise as a therapeutic agent for BCRP.     

CTA及动态血清S-100B蛋白检测对SAH患者脑损害程度及脑血管痉挛的评价作用

目的：分析讨论多层螺旋CT血管成像（CTA）对原发性蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）患者的诊断价值及动态血清S‐100B蛋白检测SAH患者脑损害程度及脑血管痉挛的评价作用。方法对166例SAH患者行CTA检查,抽取患者入院后1、2、3、7d时的肘静脉血检测血清S‐100B蛋白水平。结果166例SAH患者中,CTA共检出119处动脉瘤。Hunt‐HessⅠ～Ⅱ级患者入院后1dS‐100B蛋白水平为（0．71±0．11）μg／L,7d为（0．62±0．09）μg／L,Hunt‐HessⅣ级的患者入院后1dS‐100B蛋白水平为（2．12±0．23）μg／L,7d为（1．97±0．06）μg／L,S‐100B蛋白水平与Hunt‐Hess分级呈正比。格拉斯哥昏迷（GCS）评分3～8分的患者入院后1dS‐100B蛋白水平为（1．87±0．23）μg／L,7d为（1．87±0．23）μg／L。GCS评分13～15分的患者入院后1dS‐100B蛋白水平为（0．63±0．17）μg／L,7d为（0．44±0．15）μg／L,GCS评分越低,S‐100B蛋白水平越高。结论CTA可显示血管的空间立体结构及周边关系,有助于治疗方法的选择和难度的评估。检测血清中S‐100B蛋白浓度能评估继发性脑损害的严重情况和脑血管痉挛的可能性。