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排序方式: 共有768条查询结果,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
Will Kaufman Augustine S Chavez Betty Skipper Arthur Kaufman 《International journal for equity in health》2006,5(1):6-5
Background
A public hospital in New Mexico required collection of 50% of estimated costs prior to elective surgeries for self-pay patients. This study assesses the impact of this policy on access to elective surgical procedures. 相似文献2.
Navajo birth outcomes in the Shiprock uranium mining area. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The role of environmental radiation in the etiology of birth defects, stillbirths, and other adverse outcomes of pregnancy was evaluated for 13,329 Navajos born at the Public Health Service/Indian Health Service Hospital in the Shiprock, NM, uranium mining area (1964-1981). More than 320 kinds of defective congenital conditions were abstracted from hospital records. Using a nested case-control design, families of 266 pairs of index and control births were interviewed. The only statistically significant association between uranium operations and unfavorable birth outcome was identified with the mother living near tailings or mine dumps. Among the fathers who worked in the mines, those of the index cases had histories of more years of work exposure but not necessarily greater gonadal dosage of radiation. Also, birth defects increased significantly when either parent worked in the Shiprock electronics assembly plant. Overall, the associations between adverse pregnancy outcome and exposure to radiation were weak and must be interpreted with caution with respect to implying a biogenetic basis. 相似文献
3.
Mary ER O'Brien Janet Hardy Sylvia Tan Jackie Walling Brian Peters Sarah Hatty Eve Wiltshaw 《Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology》1992,30(3):245-248
Summary A total of 16 patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer were treated with sulofenur (LY 186641), a novel oral sulfonylurea. All subjects had received previous chemotherapy. Anaemia occurred in all 16 patients, 14 of whom required a blood transfusion, and 2/16 patients received methylene blue for breathlessness due to methaemaglobinaemia. Treatment was discontinued in 2/16 cases due to rising liver enzyme values, which reverted to normal on cessation of the drug. There was no nausea or alopecia. Only two minor responses were seen. Plasma drug levels were insufficient to result in antitumour activity as extrapolated from animal data. Further studies that attempt to increase the bioavailability and improve the therapeutic index are warranted. 相似文献
4.
5.
Linkage of the MHC to familial multiple sclerosis suggests genetic heterogeneity. The Multiple Sclerosis Genetics Group 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Haines JL; Terwedow HA; Burgess K; Pericak-Vance MA; Rimmler JB; Martin ER; Oksenberg JR; Lincoln R; Zhang DY; Banatao DR; Gatto N; Goodkin DE; Hauser SL 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(8):1229-1234
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease of the
central nervous system. While its etiology is not well understood, genetic
factors are clearly involved. Until recently, most genetic studies in MS
have been association studies using the case-control design testing
specific candidate genes and studying only sporadic cases. The only
consistently replicated finding has been an association with the HLA-DR2
allele within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) on chromosome 6.
Using the genetic linkage design, however, evidence for and against linkage
of the MHC to MS has been found, fostering suggestions that sporadic and
familial MS have different etiologies. Most recently, two of four genomic
screens demonstrated linkage to the MHC, although specific allelic
associations were not tested. Here, a dataset of 98 multiplex families was
studied to test for an association to the HLA-DR2 allele in familial MS and
to determine if genetic linkage to the MHC was due solely to such an
association. Three highly polymorphic markers (HLA-DR, D6S273 and TNFbeta)
in the MHC demonstrated strong genetic linkage (parametric lod scores of
4.60, 2.20 and 1.24, respectively) and a specific association with the
HLA-DR2 allele was confirmed (TDT; P < 0.001). Stratifying the results
by HLA-DR2 status showed that the linkage results were limited to families
segregating HLA-DR2 alleles. These results demonstrate that genetic linkage
to the MHC can be explained by the HLA-DR2 allelic association. They also
indicate that sporadic and familial MS share a common genetic
susceptibility. In addition, preliminary calculations suggest that the MHC
explains between 17 and 62% of the genetic etiology of MS. This
heterogeneity is also supported by the minority of families showing no
linkage or association with loci within the MHC.
相似文献
6.
7.
Mutation spectrum and genotype-phenotype analyses in Cowden disease and Bannayan-Zonana syndrome, two hamartoma syndromes with germline PTEN mutation 总被引:22,自引:1,他引:22
Marsh DJ; Coulon V; Lunetta KL; Rocca-Serra P; Dahia PL; Zheng Z; Liaw D; Caron S; Duboue B; Lin AY; Richardson AL; Bonnetblanc JM; Bressieux JM; Cabarrot-Moreau A; Chompret A; Demange L; Eeles RA; Yahanda AM; Fearon ER; Fricker JP; Gorlin RJ; Hodgson SV; Huson S; Lacombe D; Eng C 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(3):507-515
The tumour suppressor gene PTEN , which maps to 10q23.3 and encodes a 403
amino acid dual specificity phosphatase (protein tyrosine phosphatase;
PTPase), was shown recently to play a broad role in human malignancy.
Somatic PTEN deletions and mutations were observed in sporadic breast,
brain, prostate and kidney cancer cell lines and in several primary tumours
such as endometrial carcinomas, malignant melanoma and thyroid tumours. In
addition, PTEN was identified as the susceptibility gene for two hamartoma
syndromes: Cowden disease (CD; MIM 158350) and Bannayan-Zonana (BZS) or
Ruvalcaba-Riley-Smith syndrome (MIM 153480). Constitutive DNA from 37 CD
families and seven BZS families was screened for germline PTEN mutations.
PTEN mutations were identified in 30 of 37 (81%) CD families, including
missense and nonsense point mutations, deletions, insertions, a
deletion/insertion and splice site mutations. These mutations were
scattered over the entire length of PTEN , with the exception of the first,
fourth and last exons. A 'hot spot' for PTEN mutation in CD was identified
in exon 5 that contains the PTPase core motif, with 13 of 30 (43%) CD
mutations identified in this exon. Seven of 30 (23%) were within the core
motif, the majority (five of seven) of which were missense mutations,
possibly pointing to the functional significance of this region. Germline
PTEN mutations were identified in four of seven (57%) BZS families studied.
Interestingly, none of these mutations was observed in the PTPase core
motif. It is also worthy of note that a single nonsense point mutation,
R233X, was observed in the germline DNA from two unrelated CD families and
one BZS family. Genotype-phenotype studies were not performed on this small
group of BZS families. However, genotype-phenotype analysis inthe group of
CD families revealed two possible associations worthy of follow-up in
independent analyses. The first was an association noted in the group of CD
families with breast disease. A correlation was observed between the
presence/absence of a PTEN mutation and the type of breast involvement
(unaffected versus benign versus malignant). Specifically and more
directly, an association was also observed between the presence of a PTEN
mutation and malignant breast disease. Secondly, there appeared to be an
interdependent association between mutations upstream and within the PTPase
core motif, the core motif containing the majority of missense mutations,
and the involvement of all major organ systems (central nervous system,
thyroid, breast, skin and gastrointestinal tract). However, these
observations would need to be confirmed by studying a larger number of CD
families.
相似文献
8.
Cigarette smoking and lung cancer in 'Hispanic' whites and other whites in New Mexico. 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
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A population-based case-control study of lung cancer was performed in New Mexico to explain the differing patterns of lung cancer occurrence in the state's "Hispanic" Whites and other Whites. From 1980 through 1982, interviews were completed with 521 cases and 769 controls. In the male controls, the prevalence of current and previous cigarette usage was similar in the two ethnic groups, but Hispanics smoked fewer cigarettes daily. In the female controls, a lower percentage of Hispanics had ever smoked and their usual consumption was less than that of other White women. Older Hispanic female smokers had used hand-rolled cigarettes for an average of 8.8 years, whereas other White women of the same age had used this type for less than one-half year. Both stratified and multiple logistic analysis showed comparable risks of lung cancer in Hispanic White and other White smokers. There was no evidence of interaction between ethnicity and cigarette smoking. These analyses imply that the differences in lung cancer incidence between New Mexico's Hispanic Whites and other Whites are largely explained by the patterns of cigarette smoking of these two groups. 相似文献
9.
Rituximab in combination with fludarabine chemotherapy in low-grade or follicular lymphoma. 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
M S Czuczman A Koryzna A Mohr C Stewart K Donohue L Blumenson Z P Bernstein P McCarthy A Alam F Hernandez-Ilizaliturri M Skipper K Brown A Chanan-Khan D Klippenstein P Loud M K Rock M Benyunes A Grillo-Lopez S H Bernstein 《Journal of clinical oncology》2005,23(4):694-704
PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of fludarabine plus rituximab in treatment-naive or relapsed patients with low-grade and/or follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was an open-label, single-arm, single-center phase II study enrolling 40 patients. During the first week of the study, patients received two infusions of rituximab 375 mg/m2 administered 4 days apart. Seventy-two hours after the second infusion of rituximab, patients received the first of six cycles of fludarabine chemotherapy (25 mg/m2/d for 5 days on a 28-day cycle). Single infusions of rituximab were administered 72 hours before the second, fourth, and sixth cycles of fludarabine, and two infusions of rituximab were given 4 weeks after the last cycle of fludarabine. Treatment duration was 26 weeks. RESULTS: An overall response rate of 90% (80% complete response rate) was achieved in the intent-to-treat population. Similar response rates were seen in treatment-naive and previously treated patients. The median duration of response has not been reached at 40+ months. The median follow-up time in this study is 44 months (range, 15 to 66 months). In patients positive for the 14;18 translocation in blood and/or marrow at enrollment, molecular remission was achieved in 88% of cases, with patients remaining negative for up to 4 years to date. Hematologic toxicity was manageable, and except for a 15% incidence of herpes simplex/zoster infections, infectious complications were rare. Nonhematologic toxicities were minimal. CONCLUSION: Rituximab plus fludarabine was well tolerated and associated with an excellent complete response rate, including molecular remissions, in patients with low-grade or follicular lymphoma. 相似文献
10.
目的:建立以高效液相色谱法测定小儿磨积片中橙皮苷含量的方法。方法:色谱柱为SpherisorbC18,流动相为甲醇-冰醋酸-水(25∶4∶71),检测波长为283nm,流速为2·0ml/min,柱温为50℃,灵敏度为0·16AUFS,进样量为20μl。结果:橙皮苷进样量在0·024μg~1·2μg范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好的线性关系(r=0·9999),平均回收率为99·1%(RSD=0·8%)。结论:本方法简便、快捷,灵敏度及准确度高,可为小儿磨积片质量控制提供依据。 相似文献