脑外科手术后发生正常灌注压突破的发病机制及超微病理基础

目的:探讨脑外科手术后部分患者病变邻近脑组织发生正常灌注压突破并发症的发病机制及其超微病理基础.材料和方法:对68例脑内血管畸形病变邻近的脑组织进行电子显微镜观察.结果:病灶邻近脑组织内部分毛细血管外周的星形细胞足突缺失或出现血管基膜疏松、分层等发育不良的情况,甚至有些血管壁组织结构破损.结论:电子显微镜检查证实,在血管畸形病灶周围的脑组织内可见病理性血管.该血管的基膜发生病变,血管周围的星形细胞足突明显减少或破坏.当血液灌注压力突然变化时,这种病变的血管就可能发生液体外渗及破裂.这就是在神经外科手术中或手术后发生正常灌注压突破并发症的超微病理基础.     

脂肪干细胞免疫学性状的初步实验观察

目的初步研究脂肪干细胞(Adiposederivedstemcells,ADSC)表面免疫分子的表达以及体外免疫调节功能,以期为组织工程提供同种异体种子细胞来源。方法体外培养人脂肪抽吸术中获取的脂肪干细胞,体外培养至第二代,流式细胞仪检测免疫分子HLA、HLA、B7-1、B7-2、CD40的表达。1×105个/孔ADSC细胞分别刺激单一异体淋巴细胞或混合双向淋巴细胞反应,观察淋巴细胞增殖情况。同时观察ADSC经IFN-γ作用后,免疫分子表达与淋巴细胞增殖的调节情况。结果ADSC表达HLA类分子,但未检测到HLA类分子阳性表达。B7-1(CD80)、B7-2(CD86)、CD28、CD40未见明显阳性表达。人IFN-γ刺激48h后,HLA类分子表达明显增高,HLAI表达未见明显增高。异体或经IFN-γ作用的ADSC均未能刺激异体淋巴细胞增殖。同样数量的ADSC可明显抑制双相混合淋巴细胞增殖,经IFN-γ作用后抑制作用未见明显减弱。结论ADSC具有一定的体外调节淋巴细胞反应的能力,有可能成为组织工程同种异体细胞来源。     

接触性热痛诱发电位检测方法的建立

目的 建立接触性热痛诱发电位(CHEP)的检测方法,估测介导此诱发电位的外周神经传导速度.方法 受试者取卧位,应用CHEP刺激器,于两个强度水平(49.5℃和54.5℃)应用可调节脉冲,刺激部位为鱼际肌、手背、前臂的掌侧面.受试者在每次刺激后,按照视觉模拟评分标准对刺激强度分级.以Keypoint仪器记录,记录点为Cz和Pz.测定刺激强度和疼痛分级的关系、诱发电位的主要成分及外周神经传导速度.结果 刺激强度和疼痛分级的关系为:49.5℃和54.5℃刺激鱼际肌皮肤,疼痛分级分别为(3.2±0.3)、(4.4±0.5)级;54.5℃刺激手背和前臂掌侧面皮肤,疼痛分级分别为(6.3±0.8)、(7.2±0.5)级.于记录点记录到3个主要成分:Cz/N550、Cz/P750和Pz/P1000.介导此诱发电位的外周神经传导速度分别为(12.9±7.5)、(1.7±0.4)m/s,分别与Aδ纤维和C纤维的传导速度相对应.结论 CHEP能较为稳定、可靠地引出,介导此诱发电位的外周神经为Aδ纤维和C纤维.     

荧光原位杂交同时检测精子X和Y染色体的方法

用实验手段分离X和Y染色体精子或富集特定性别染色体精子．对于预防性连锁遗传病具有潜在应用价值。建立精子X和Y染色体鉴定方法对于评估分离或富集特定性别染色体效果至关重要。本文介绍采用CY3TM和FlourXTM探针作荧光原位杂交（FISH），同时检测精子Y和X染色体。10份正常精液标本分析结果显示：X染色体精子为50．23％，Y染色体精子为49．77％；有效杂交率达91．99％。FISH方法比传统的精子染色体核型分析和奎纳克林染色检查Y荧光小体更具有简易、特异和快速的优点。     

Breakpoint clusters of the PML gene in acute promyelocytic leukemia: Primary structure of the reciprocal products of the PML-RARA gene in a patient with t(15;17)

DNA studies of the translocation t(15;17) in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) have shown that the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) gene on chromosome 17 is juxtaposed to the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) gene on chromosome 15. The PML breakpoints have been mapped to 3 clusters: bcr1, bcr2, and bcr3. We have examined the PML breakpoint distribution in a series of 33 Chinese patients with APL Twenty-two patients fell within bcr1, 2 within bcr2, and 9 within bcr3. The primary structure of the reciprocal chromosome translocation joints of one patient and that of their normal counterparts have been determined and compared to those of 2 previously reported cases. These studies revealed possible topoisomerase II cleavage sites close to the breakpoints and suggested implications of DNA attachment sites to nuclear matrix. We propose that these features are relevant to the process of illegitimate recombination generating the translocation. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

腹直肌肌电图运动单位电位正常值的建立

目的:建立腹直肌肌电图(EMG)运动单位动作电位(MUAP)各参数正常值。方法:测定109例正常人腹直肌EMG的MUAP的时限、波幅及多相波。结果:腹直肌EMG的MUAP参数分别为:波幅373．78±56．46μV,时限9．95±1．13 ms,多相波19．40％±1．52％。结论:腹直肌EMG各参数能可靠、稳定地测出,有助于脊髓胸段下运动神经元病变的检测。     

益气活血通便方对慢传输型便秘大鼠的治疗作用及机制

目的：探讨益气活血通便方对慢传输型便秘(STC)大鼠的治疗作用及机制。方法：采用盐酸洛哌丁胺灌胃法建立STC大鼠模型,设定正常组、模型组、莫沙必利组、益气活血通便方低、中、高剂量组(3.51、7.02、14.04 g·kg^-1)给药后观察各组大鼠一般体征变化、计算粪便含水率及肠道推进率;采用苏木素-伊红染色观察结肠组织黏膜炎症改变;采用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测各组大鼠结肠P物质(SP)、血管活性肠肽(VIP)含量;采用免疫组织化学法和蛋白免疫印迹法检测大鼠结肠组织水通道蛋白(AQP)3、AQP4、AQP8和c-Kit蛋白灰度值,通过16S r RNA高通量测序检测肠道菌群变化。结果：经过益气活血通便方给药治疗10 d后,与模型组比较,益气活血通便方不同剂量组和莫沙必利组大鼠的粪便含水率和肠道推进率均显著增加(P<0.01)。与模型组比较,益气活血通便方中、高剂量组和莫沙必利组大鼠结肠无明显黏膜炎症改变,杯状细胞排列较规整无断裂、数量较多。益气活血通便方中、高剂量组和莫沙必利组血清中SP含量明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),VIP明显降低(P&...     

细胞间粘附分子—1^125I标记及其纯度、免疫活性的鉴定

目的：建立细胞间粘附分子－1（intracellular adhesion molecule-1 ICAM-1)^125I标记方法及鉴定其纯度和免疫活性。方法：用氯胺－T法标记ICAM－1,用Sephadex G-50柱层析分离,用纸层析法鉴定^125I-ICAM-1的纯度,放免法检测其免疫活性,结果：^125I-ICAM-1比活度为77．84uCi/ug蛋白,标记率为65．54％,^125I-Na的放化纯度为97．27％,^125I-ICAM-1能够与ICAM－1－Ab的最大结合为88．64％,并且随ICAM－1－Ab滴度的降低而增高。结论：成功建立^125I标记ICAM－1的方法,并且^125I-ICAM-1具有一定的免疫活性。     

Exciting Performance of Plasma Fibrinogen in Periprosthetic Joint Infection Diagnosis

ObjectiveTo test the significance of serum C‐reactive protein (CRP), the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), the platelet count/mean platelet volume ratio (PC/MPV), plasma fibrinogen, and D‐Dimer in periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) diagnosis.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 149 patients diagnosed from July 2016 to December 2019 with primary osteoarthritis (OA group, average age 63.18 years [range, 53–82 years] 18 males, 46 females), PJI (PJI group, average age 63.74 years [range, 52–81 years], 16 males, 31 females), and aseptic loosening (aseptic group, average age 63.18 years [range, 53–80 years], 12 male, 26 female) in our department. Demographic data and the sensitivity and specificity of preoperative CRP, ESR, PC/MPV, fibrinogen, and D‐Dimer in PJI diagnosis were compared.ResultsThere were no significant differences when the demographic data of the three groups were compared. The expression level of CRP (50.67 ± 58.98 mg/L), ESR (50.55 ± 25.81 mm/h), PC/MPV (35.79 ± 18.00), and fibrinogen (4.85 ± 1.33 μg/mL) in the PJI group were higher than in the OA group (CRP: 4.09 ± 9.68 mg/L; ESR:13.44 ± 9.32 mm/1 h; PC/MPV: 24.97 ± 7.58; fibrinogen: 3.09 ± 0.55 μg/mL) and the aseptic group (CRP: 7.01 ± 11.83 mg/L; ESR: 22.47 ± 17.53 mm/1 h; PC/MPV: 25.18 ± 11.48; fibrinogen: 3.39 ± 0.80 μg/mL), respectively. The expression level of plasma D‐dimer (1.60 ± 1.29 mg/L) in the PJI group was higher than in the OA group (0.49 ± 0.42 mg/L) but similar to that in the aseptic group (1.21 ± 1.35 mg/L). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis demonstrated that the areas under the ROC curve (AUC) for CRP, ESR, PC/MPV, fibrinogen, and D‐dimer were 0.892 (95% confidence interval, 0.829–0.954), 0.888 (0.829–0.947), 0.686 (0.589–0.784), 0.873 (0.803–0.943), and 0.835 (0.772–0.899), respectively. When PC/MPV > 31.70, fibrinogen >4.01 μg/mL, and D‐dimer >1.17 mg/L were set as the threshold values for the diagnosis of PJI, the sensitivity of PC/MPV in PJI diagnosis was lower than that of ESR and plasma fibrinogen. In contrast, there was no significant difference when comparing the specificity of CRP, ESR, PC/MPV, fibrinogen, and D‐dimer in PJI diagnosis.ConclusionPlasma fibrinogen is a good new auxiliary diagnostic marker for PJI.