膨润土对药用混悬液助悬性能的考察

本文报道了无机胶体膨润土(Bentonite)作为助悬剂在炉甘石洗剂中的应用,并与有机助悬剂及另一种无机胶体XVT—M进行比较,显示了其优异的助悬性能。     

人血清胰岛素抗体、猪胰岛素原抗体和胰多肽抗体的放射免疫检测法

作者用自制的[~(125)I]标记激素,参考国外经验,建立了人血清胰岛素抗体、猪胰岛素原抗体和胰多肽抗体等三种放射免疫检测法,并对方法的主要实验条件进行了优选,对方法的质量控制参数作了验证。结果发现:在使用国产胰岛素的糖尿病人血清中,三种抗体的检出率分别为90.8％、48.3％和36.5％;抗体特异性结合值分别为21.2±17.4％、41.8±27.4％和25.6±28.4;而正常人和糖尿病人未用胰岛素者全部为阴性,显示国产胰岛素具有明显的免疫原性。     

Coagulation screening before epidural analgesia in pre-eclampsia

A questionnaire survey of current practice at a small cross-section of obstetric units, covering 22% of all United Kingdom deliveries, revealed a marked lack of standard practice regarding requests for coagulation screens on pre-eclamptic patients who require epidural procedures. A retrospective audit was therefore carried out on 434 coagulation screens requested for pre-eclamptic patients in whom epidural analgesia might have been considered. Borderline abnormalities of coagulation were found in only 10 patients (2%). Platelet counts of less than 150 x 10(9)/litre were present in 28% of cases. 'Significant' thrombocytopenia (less than 100 x 10(9)/litre) and all coagulation abnormalities were only encountered in severe pre-eclampsia (diastolic blood pressure of greater than 110 mmHg and proteinuria of + + or greater). Furthermore, coagulation abnormality was always associated with a reduced platelet count (mean, 97 x 10(9)/litre). This study would therefore support anaesthetic practice which restricted any requests for coagulation testing to severe pre-eclamptic patients only. For these patients first line testing could be limited to a platelet count.     

Urinary tract injuries during obstetric intervention

A retrospective case record review of obstetric urinary tract injury in the Grampian region from 1976 to 1993 identified 16 cases of bladder injury (0.1 per 1000 deliveries, 1.4 per 1000 caesarean sections and four cases of ureteric injury (0.03 per 1000 deliveries, 0.27 per 1000 caesarean sections). Diagnosis of bladder injury was immediate, but of ureteric injury often delayed. Although the injury rates are lower than previously reported and previously reported risk factors not confirmed, this audit has resulted in guidelines for junior staff, compliance with which will be monitored, and every case of urinary tract injury will be reviewed.     

A case study identifying nursing staffs'' perception of the delivery method of nursing care in practice on a particular ward

The research describes how nursing staff on a general surgical ward in a district general hospital perceived the delivery method of nursing care in practice. The study design was based on ethnographic methods and data were collected by diary keeping and semi-structured interviews. An organizational method based on the principles of primary nursing had been implemented on the ward for 2 years prior to the study commencing. As well as talking in general terms about primary nursing, the nursing staff talked at some length about specific issues related to their practice.     

肝病患者肝组织中丙型肝炎病毒感染的初步研究

采用直接酶标记法对174例慢性肝炎、重症肝炎和肝癌组织中的HCV抗原进行了检测,HCV 抗原的检出率分别为10.71％、8.10％和2.68％。表明在我国慢性和重症肝病中存在HCV的感染。通过对HCV与HBV 感染关系的研究,发现肝内HBV 标志阳性和阴性者HCV抗原的检出率无明显差异,说明HCV感染与HBV感染之间似无明显关系。