HPLC测定不同产地天山雪莲药材中紫丁香苷的含量

天山雪莲为菊科植物雪莲Saussurea involucrate（Kar．etKir．）Sch．Bip．的干燥地上部分，系维吾尔族习用药材。收载于《中国药典》2005年版一部，能补肾活血，强筋骨，温肾助阳，祛风胜湿，用于治疗风湿性关节炎，肺寒咳嗽，月经不调，小腹冷痛等症状。天山雪莲化学成分有芦丁等黄铜类、紫丁香苷等木脂素类、大苞雪莲内酯，大苞雪莲碱等生物碱类、多糖类等。采用高效液相色谱法测定雪莲注射液中紫丁香苷含量，以紫丁香苷为参照物研究雪莲和雪莲注射液指纹图谱及不同种雪莲中紫丁香苷含量测定的报道已见，     

Possible role of sildenafil in inhibiting rat vas deferens contractions by influencing the purinergic system

AIM: To evaluate the effect of sildenafil, a selective inhibitor of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)-selective type 5 phosphodiesterase, on isolated rat vas deferens and its connections with the purinergic system. METHODS: Epididymal and prostatic portions of isolated vas deferens were placed in organ baths containing Krebs' solution. Contractions were induced by noradrenaline (NA), adenosine triphosphate (ATP), alpha,beta-methylene ATP and electrical field stimulation (EFS). The effect of sildenafil on the contractions was compared with suramin and Evans blue (EB). RESULTS: NA, ATP, alpha,beta-methylene ATP and EFS caused contractions in both portions of vas deferens. NA-induced contractions were unaffected by sildenafil and suramin but potentiated by EB. ATP-induced contractions were non-competitively inhibited in both portions by sildenafil and suramin but potentiated by EB. alpha,beta-methylene ATP-induced contractions were unaffected by sildenafil but were inhibited in both portions by suramin and EB. EFS-induced contractions were inhibited by sildenafil and suramin while potentiated by EB. CONCLUSION: Sildenafil inhibited the contractions in both portions of vas deferens, as did suramin. We have suggested that purinergic system has a role in this antagonism and it seems to be mediated by an ATP-dependent mechanism instead of a receptor interaction.     

Three New Cross-Reacting Idiotopes as Markers for the Products of Two Distinct Human VH3 Genes Expressed in the Early Repertoire

This article describes characterization of three new cross-reacting idiotopes, as recognized by mouse MoAbs, on human antibodies utilizing V_H3 genes that are expressed in the early repertoire. Two of the mouse MoAbs (3H7 and 3H1) were raised against a human MoAb utilizing the DP47 (VH26) V_H3 gene, whilst the third (7B4) was raised against a DP46 (GLSJ2) gene product. Evidence for the anti-idiotypic specificity of the mouse MoAbs was provided by their reactivity with the immunizing IgM, but not with Fcα, and by their specific inhibition of the binding between each immunizing antibody and its antigen. The three anti-idiotypic MoAbs were shown to be V_H-specific reagents by the independence of their reactivity upon the L-chain type, or the untigenic specificity of the human MoAbs tested. Specificity of each mouse MoAb for V_H3 gene-products was demonstrated by its sole cross-reactivity with V_H3 proteins. Each anti-Id had a different reactivity pattern with a panel of MoAbs utilizing different V_H3 genes. By relating the V_H sequences of the tested V_H3 proteins to their germline counterparts, 3H7 and 3H1 appeared to be specific for DP47-encoded proteins, although 3H1 had weak cross-reactivities with a few other V_H3 gene-products. 7B4 appeared to be specific for antibodies utilizing DP46-related genes. Both 3H7 and 3H1 were also completely different to B6 and D12, two previously described MoAbs that also recognize V_H3 proteins. Although 7B4 was similar to B6 and D12 in its binding to DP46-related gene products, B6 and D12 additionally recognized non DP46-related proteins and were thus different to 7B4.     

Ascites and epithelial ovarian cancers: a reappraisal with respect to different aspects

Ascites is a common finding in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Clinico-pathologic correlations with respect to the presence of ascites, positive cytology and prognostic role of ascites, and the impact of ascitic volumes were not previously studied extensively. A total of 372 patients with EOC were retrospectively evaluated with respect to presence and amount of ascites, cytologic findings, and survival. Two groups were compared by using Chi-square, Student's t and Mann-Whitney U, binary logistic regression, Kaplan Meier and Cox-regression analysis tests, where appropriate. Omental metastasis (P < 0.001; OR: 3.21, 95% CI = 1.945-5.297) and mean number of metastatic lymph nodes (P= 0.008; OR: 1.063, 95% CI = 1.016-1.112) were significantly related with presence of ascites. Evaluation of ascitic volume at different thresholds revealed lymphatic-omental metastasis, and also the disease stage to be significantly different among patient groups at lower threshold values and the positive cytology and high-grade diseases at higher threshold values. In conclusion, presence of ascites correlates with both the intraperitoneal and also the retroperitoneal tumor spread. Amount of ascites has different correlations with the clinico-pathologic factors depending on the thresholds chosen. At lower volumes, lymphatic and omental metastasis seems to correlate with the development of ascites. Once ascites develops, tumor grade seems to be important for larger ascites volumes. Neither the presence of ascites or its volume nor the cytologic positivity was an independent predictor of survival.     

The effect of partial unilateral ureteral obstruction release and allopurinol on the renal malondialdehyde and glutathione levels

PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether relief of partial unilateral ureteral obstruction (PUUO) with or without antioxidant drug affect renal tissue malonedialdehyde (MDA) and glutathion (GSH) levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 25 rats were used in this PUUO study. Partial unilateral ureteral obstruction was created by the burial of the upper one-third of the left ureter in the psoas muscle. The rats were sacrificed on 28th day following PUUO. Relief of the obstruction was performed twenty minutes before sacrifice by cutting the proximal ureter in reperfusion group. 50 mg/kg intraperitoneal allopurinol was administered 20 minutes before relief of obstruction in the antioxidant group. Renal tissue MDA and GSH levels were measured in both kidneys. RESULTS: At the end of the study 5, 7 and 7 rats could only be interpreted in sham, reperfusion and antioxidant groups, respectively. While the mean left and right renal MDA and GSH levels were statistically different from each other in reperfusion group (P < 0.001), there were no significant differences in the sham (P > 0.05) and antioxidant (P > 0.05) group. Both the mean sham group left and right renal tissue MDA or GSH levels were significantly different from reperfusion group, but only the mean sham group left renal tissue MDA and right renal tissue GSH levels were not statistically different from antioxidant group (P < 0.05). The mean left or right renal MDA and GSH tissue levels of the antioxidant group were statistically different from reperfusion group (P < 0.05) except for the right renal tissue GSH level (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Partial unilateral ureteral obstruction leads to oxidative injury by relief of obstruction in both kidneys. The antioxidant allopurinol has a beneficial effect on renal MDA and GSH levels in both kidneys.     

Wound approximation with tissue glue in circumcision

BACKGROUND: To assess the feasibility of using tissue glue in the approximation of circumcision wounds in children. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective randomized trial was carried out on 30 boys (age, 1-10 years) admitted to the Kahramanamaras Sutcuimam University Medical Faculty, Turkey. The results of wound approximation in circumcision with cyanoacrylate tissue glue and suturing with interrupted 5/0 plain catgut were compared. The operations were carried out by the same surgeon using an identical technique. The wounds were assessed 1 day, 3 days, 1 week and 1 month postoperatively. RESULTS: There was no difference between the two groups in the rates of wound inflammation, infection, bleeding and dehiscence, although cosmetic appearance was better in the tissue glue group. The operation time was also shorter in this group. CONCLUSION: Using tissue glue for wound approximation in circumcision is a feasible alternative.     

Multi-institutional analysis of cervical esophageal carcinoma patients treated with definitive chemoradiotherapy: TROD 01-005 study

The aim of this study was to examine the prognostic factors and treatment outcomes of cervical esophageal carcinoma (CEC) patients who underwent definitive chemoradiotherapy (CRT). The clinical data of 175 biopsy-confirmed CEC patients treated with definitive CRT between April 2005 and September 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The prognostic factors predicting overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and local recurrence-free survival (LRFS) were assessed in uni- and multivariable analyses. The median age of the entire cohort was 56 years (range: 26–87 years). All patients received definitive radiotherapy with a median total dose of 60 Gy, and 52% of the patients received cisplatin-based concurrent chemotherapy. The 2-year OS, PFS, and LRFS rates were 58.8%, 46.9%, and 52.4%, respectively, with a median follow-up duration of 41.6 months. Patients’ performance status, clinical nodal stage, tumor size, and treatment response were significant prognostic factors for OS, PFS, and LRFS in univariate analysis. Non-complete treatment response was an independent predictor for poor OS (HR = 4.41, 95% CI, 2.78–7.00, p < 0.001) and PFS (HR = 4.28, 95% CI, 2.79–6.58, p < 0.001), whereas poor performance score was a predictor for worse LRFS (HR = 1.83, 95% CI, 1.12–2.98, p = 0.02) in multivariable analysis. Fifty-two patients (29.7%) experienced grade II or higher toxicity. In this multicenter study, we demonstrated that definitive CRT is a safe and effective treatment for patients with CEC. Higher radiation doses were found to have no effect on treatment outcomes, but a better response to treatment and a better patient performance status did.