微创手术加尿激酶血肿清除治疗高血压性脑出血对照研究

目的探讨微创手术加尿激酶血肿清除在高血压性脑出血治疗中,微创手术加尿激酶血肿清除治疗组,对改善脑出血预后的机制。方法34例符合手术适应征的高血压性脑出血急性期患者被随机分为微创手术加尿激酶血肿清除治疗组和常规手术对照组,比较两组治疗后的临床转归。结果微创手术加尿激酶血肿清除治疗组疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论微创手术加尿激酶血肿清除治疗高血压脑出血,治疗组疗效好,可能是脑出血周围水肿脑组织水肿挤压减轻,坏死减少,全脑水肿减轻,并发症减少。脑内血肿对周边脑组织局部生化反应和毒性作用减轻,继发性神经原损伤减轻所致。     

试论远程教育模式的构建

自从教育部提出“实施‘现代远程教育工程’,形成开放式教学网络,构建终身学习体系”以来,我国远 程教育进入了大发展时期,结合近几年我们开办开放教育的实践,本文从远程教育的教学模式的构建角度切入, 试图探讨我校开放教育良性发展的途径。     

Jordans' Anomaly in White Blood Cells: Report of Case

Persistent vacuoles were seen in the protoplasm of granulocytes, monocytesand occasional lymphocytes of 2 sisters suffering from ichthyosis. In the bonemarrow these vacuoles were found in the cytoplasm of promyelocytes, myelocytes, metamyelocytes and rarely in plasma cells. They were not observed inblasts or in red cells and thrombocytes and their precursors.

With the help of cytochemical staining technics and fluorescence microscopystudies, it was determined that the vacuoles contained lipids. A similar abnormality of leukocytes was described previously by Jordans in 2 brothers suffering from muscular dystrophy.

Ichthyosis was transmitted in this family in an autosomal recessive way.

Submitted on September 14, 1965 Accepted on December 10, 1965     

Chediak''s anomaly of leukocytes in malignant lymphoma associated with leukemic manifestations: case report with necropsy

A case of Chediak’s anomaly of leukocytes was described, the fourth reported in the literature.

The patient was an 11-month-old boy who, in addition to Chediak’s anomalyof the leukocytes, presented a leukemic blood picture.

He died five days after admission to the hospital, and necropsy revealeda malignant lymphoma.

We consider it possible that in all the reported cases there were generalizedpathologic changes in the reticulohistiocytic system.

Submitted on December 3, 1957 Accepted on May 15, 1958     

The Morphology of Buffy Coat in Normal Human Adults

The technic of preparation of smears from buffy coats was described.

Fifty-five samples of buffy coat from healthy adults were examined.Twenty-nine were from men, 26 from women.

In all cases nuclear fragments of megakaryocytes were found, on theaverage 21.8 nuclear fragments per 1 ml. of blood.

In all cases atypical mononuclear cells, 10.2/2000 mononuclear cells, werefound.

In 42 of 52 examined subjects metamyelocytes and/or myelocytes werefound, 3.65/3000 granulocytes.

Metamyelocytes, myelocytes and nuclear fragments of megakaryocyteswere more commonly found in males than in females.

So-called atypical mononuclear cells were found in small number in allthe subjects. Their possible pathologic significance was discussed. It wassuggested that these cells were probably normal though rare elements ofperipheral blood.

The advantage of this method in various pathologic states was emphasized.

Submitted on September 8, 1959 Accepted on December 15, 1959     

AN APPROACH FOR HIGH SENSITIVITY DETECTION OF PROSTATE CANCER BY ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN STRUCTUREDNESS OF THE CYTOPLASMIC MATRIX OF LYMPHOCYTES SPECIFICALLY INDUCED BY PSA-ACT

PURPOSE: An alternative procedure for detection of prostate cancer was examined based on the observation that cells reexposed in vitro to antigenic or mitogenic stimulation will change their intracellular structuredness as measured by polarization of fluorescent light emitted by labeled cells (SCM test). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lymphocytes derived from patients bearing a nonmalignant prostate tumor and healthy individuals were exposed to PSA-ACT, PHA, and MUC-1. RESULTS: Of sixty-five patients with prostate carcinoma (CaP), sixty-two were correctly diagnosed by the test. Of the eighty males in the control group, five were incorrectly diagnosed as having the disease and seventy-five were correctly diagnosed as healthy subjects. The sensitivity of the test was 96.8%. The specificity was 91.1%. The BPH (Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia) control group exhibited a sensitivity of 9.38%, but the specificity was 91.1%. Similar percentages for specificity and sensitivity were observed in the NRT (Non-Relevant Tumor) control group. CONCLUSIONS: The results shown here indicate the possibility of a different use of PSA-ACT for detection of prostate cancer with high specificity and sensitivity.     

Evaluation of children with a suspected bleeding disorder applying the Impact‐R [Cone and Plate(let) Analyzer]

Summary. Background: A convenient screening test for children with bleeding symptoms before more labor‐intensive diagnostic steps are taken would be of value. The Impact‐R was designed in an attempt to analyse platelet function under near physiological conditions. Results are presented as surface coverage (SC, %) and average size (AS, μm²). Objective: In this cross‐sectional retrospective study, we assessed the use of the Impact‐R in the evaluation of children with a suspected bleeding disorder (BD). Methods: The hospital charts of 110 children referred to the coagulation laboratory were reviewed for personal and family bleeding history (BH) as well as results of the laboratory evaluation. Results: A laboratory ‘diagnosable’ BD (LBD) was found in 23 children (21%, 95% CI 14–30%). A diagnosis of LBD was associated with the severity of bleeding but not with family BH. By receiver‐operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the SC was superior to the AS for diagnosis of a LBD. The Impact‐R was abnormal in 43/97 children (44.3%, 95% CI 34–55%). The predictive values of a normal and abnormal Impact‐R were 96% (95% CI 92–97%) and 42% (95% CI 28–56%), respectively. When considering the personal and family BH, the post‐test probability for LBD after a normal Impact‐R was reduced from 20% to 3.5% (95% CI 2.5–7%). Conclusions: A normal Impact‐R test is highly effective in excluding LBDs. Yet, in case of an abnormal Impact‐R test, further testing is needed. An algorithm that includes the personal and family BH and the results of a screening test may improve the diagnostic process. Prospective studies are now needed to confirm these findings.