阿托伐他汀与辛伐他汀治疗高脂血症的效果

目的分析在高脂血症患者治疗中应用阿托伐他汀和辛伐他汀的降脂效果。方法将2017年1月—2020年1月在我院医治的90例高脂血症患者随机设为两个组别,给予对照组(45例)辛伐他汀治疗,给予试验组(45例)阿托伐他汀治疗。观察两组患者治疗前后血脂水平和生化指标变化情况。结果试验组治疗后总胆固醇、三酰甘油、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇低于对照组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇高于对照组,两组对比差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者治疗后肌酐、尿素氮指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论阿托伐他汀和辛伐他汀应用于高脂血症患者治疗中均能起到不同程度的降脂效果,但阿托伐他汀的效果更好,安全可靠。     

Prognostic value of aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) in digestive system cancers: A meta-analysis

Background:Numbers of studies have reported that the expression of aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10 (AKR1B10) is abnormal in digestive system cancers, and could be used as a prognostic biomarker. However, the results are argued. Therefore, we conduct a meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate the prognostic value of high AKR1B10 expression for overall survival (OS), disease specific survival (DSS), and disease-free survival/recurrence-free survival (DFS/PFS) in digestive system cancers.Methods:Hazard ratios (HRs) with its 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to assess the prognostic value of AKR1B10 by using the random effects model. The STATA version 12.0 software were used to perform all the analyses.Results:Eleven articles including 1428 patients involved in this meta-analysis. The pooled analysis suggested that high AKR1B10 expression was not associated with OS (HR: 1.18; 95% CI: 0.69–2.00) and DFS/PFS (HR: 1.08, 95% CI: 0.67–1.76) in digestive system cancers. However, Further analysis revealed that high AKR1B10 expression indicated poor OS in oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) (HR: 2.92, 95% CI: 1.86–4.58) and favorable DSS in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) (HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.52–0.97).Conclusions:The prognostic value of high AKR1B10 expression varied in different types of digestive system cancers. Further studies exploring the prognostic role of AKR1B10 in digestive system cancers are needed.     

Ultrasensitive determination of ascorbic acid by using cobalt oxyhydroxide nanosheets to enhance the chemiluminescence of the luminol–H2O2 system

Ascorbic acid (AA) as an essential vitamin in the human body participates in various physiological reactions and plays a key role in many biochemical processes. Therefore, it is of vital importance to monitor and quantify AA in commercial tablets, beverages and food. In this work, a rapid and ultrasensitive chemiluminescence (CL) system for the detection of AA was developed, in which ultrathin cobalt oxyhydroxide (CoOOH) nanosheets were applied in the conventional luminol–H₂O₂ CL system. The results showed that ultrathin CoOOH nanosheets as a catalyzer remarkably improved the CL intensity of the CoOOH–luminol–H₂O₂ system, up to about 1400-fold. Under the optimized conditions, the CL inhibition efficiencies increase linearly with the concentrations of AA in the range of 1–500 pmol L⁻¹, and the limit of detection was 39 fmol L⁻¹. Moreover, the proposed CL system was successfully applied in the determination of AA in medicinal tablets with satisfactory results.

An ultrasensitive CL system for the determination of ascorbic acid in medicinal tablets was developed based on the enhancement effect of cobalt oxyhydroxide nanosheets on the luminol–H₂O₂ system.     

LncRNA Gm15621通过调控miR-133a/SOCS2轴抑制类风湿关节炎成纤维样滑膜细胞炎症

目的探讨lncRNA Gm15621和miR-133a在类风湿关节炎滑膜组织中的表达及其与滑膜组织中成纤维样滑膜细胞炎症调控的关系。方法于2018年1月到2018年12月收集53例类风湿关节炎滑膜组织和20例正常滑膜组织,通过qPCR技术检测不同患者滑膜组织Gm15621和miR-133a的表达情况,免疫印迹法检测滑膜成纤维细胞SOCS2等蛋白的表达情况。结果类风湿关节炎患者滑膜组织Gm15461表达水平是正常滑膜组织的(43.06±2.48)%,miR-133a表达水平是正常组织的(2.94±0.13)倍;类风湿关节炎患者滑膜组织Gm15621表达水平与血清TNF-α(r=-0.441,P=0.001 1),IL-6(r=-0.442,P=0.0017)和IL-1β(r=-0.532,P<0.001)呈负相关,与滑膜组织中miR-133a(r=-0.629,P<0.001)表达呈负相关。荧光素酶报告基因显示:Gm15621和SOCS2都是miR-133a的靶基因,且miR-133a靶向抑制成纤维样滑膜细胞Gm15621和SOCS2,Gm15621抑制成纤维样滑膜细胞中miR-133a的表达。在体外,SOCS2敲低可以显著上调成纤维样滑膜细胞中TNF-α,IL-6和IL-1β的表达。结论类风湿关节炎患者滑膜组织中Gm15621低表达,miR-133a高表达,并且Gm15621通过抑制成纤维样滑膜细胞中miR-133a的表达促进SOCS2的表达,最终发挥抑制炎症因子表达的效果。     

脊柱原发性淋巴瘤SPECT/CT全身骨显像1例并文献复习

脊柱原发性淋巴瘤为罕见病例,SPECT/CT全身骨显像可以协助诊断.本文报告了锝99 Tcm-亚甲基二膦酸盐全身骨显像加CT断层融合1例,并回顾相关文献归纳脊柱原发性淋巴瘤的SPECT/CT影像特点.本病例表明SPECT全身骨显像加CT断层融合可为脊柱原发性淋巴瘤的诊治提供非常有价值的信息.     

Estradiol modulation of phenylephrine-induced excitatory responses in ventromedial hypothalamic neurons of female rats

Estrogens act within the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus (VMN) to facilitate lordosis behavior. Estradiol treatment in vivo induces alpha(1b)-adrenoreceptor mRNA and increases the density of alpha(1B)-adrenoreceptor binding in the hypothalamus. Activation of hypothalamic alpha(1)-adrenoceptors also facilitates estrogen-dependent lordosis. To investigate the cellular mechanisms of adrenergic effects on VMN neurons, whole-cell patch-clamp recordings were carried out on hypothalamic slices from control and estradiol-treated female rats. In control slices, bath application of the alpha(1)-agonist phenylephrine (PHE; 10 microM) depolarized 10 of 25 neurons (40%), hyperpolarized three neurons (12%), and had no effect on 12 neurons (48%). The depolarization was associated with decreased membrane conductance, and this current had a reversal potential close to the K(+) equilibrium potential. The alpha(1b)-receptor antagonist chloroethylclonidine (10 microM) blocked the depolarization produced by PHE in all cells. From estradiol-treated rats, significantly more neurons in slices depolarized (71%) and fewer neurons showed no response (17%) to PHE. PHE-induced depolarizations were significantly attenuated with 4-aminopyridine (5 mM) but unaffected by tetraethylammonium chloride (20 mM) or blockers of Na(+) and Ca(2+) channels. These data indicate that alpha(1)-adrenoceptors depolarize VMN neurons by reducing membrane conductance for K(+). Estradiol amplifies alpha(1b)-adrenergic signaling by increasing the proportion of VMN neurons that respond to stimulation of alpha(1b)-adrenergic receptors, which is expected in turn to promote lordosis.     

Epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma treated with ALK inhibitor: a case report and review of literature

Epithelioid inflammatory myofibroblastic sarcoma is extremely rare and belongs to a variant of inflammatory myofibrobalstic tumor with aggressive clinical course. We describe a case of a 22 years old man presented with an abdominal huge tumor. Microscopically, the neoplasm cells were rounded and epithelioid in shape. Abundant interstitial edema and less myxoid stroma were also present together with an inflammatory infiltrate. Fluorescence in situ hybridization revealed that ALK gene presented mutation. After surgery the patient received chemotherapy with an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitor, crizotinib. The patient continues to be alive with disease for 16 months and has no recurrence. Although EIMS has a poor prognosis, this is the few successful case with sustained response of targeted therapy.     

Effects of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane grafting and in situ silica particle generation on the curing and mechanical properties of a styrene butadiene rubber composite

The reinforcement of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D₄) grafted styrene butadiene rubber (SBR-g-D₄) with in situ generated silica was performed using the sol–gel reaction of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in latex. The characterization of SBR-g-D₄ and in situ generated silica reinforced SBR-g-D₄ was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Raman spectroscopy. The grafting efficiency of the styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) was determined by a gravimetric method. It was found that the constant silicon content and the grafting efficiency of SBR were 1.72% and 0.13 wt% when the weight ratio of D₄ to SBR was 0.20. The effects of the D₄ and in situ generated silica content on the curing characteristics, mechanical properties and morphology of SBR latex were investigated. The mechanical properties of in situ generated silica reinforced SBR-g-D₄ vulcanizates were improved significantly compared to raw SBR vulcanizate when the in situ generated silica content was 18.05%. Compared with silica reinforced SBR-g-D₄, the tensile strength, wet skid resistance and rolling resistance of the in situ generated silica reinforced SBR-g-D₄ were better. This is because of the higher crosslinking degree in the SBR-g-D₄ matrix and the strong chemical bond between SBR-g-D₄ molecular chains and in situ generated silica. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed good silica filler dispersion in all the reinforced SBR-g-D₄ vulcanizates.

The reinforcement of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D₄) grafted styrene butadiene rubber (SBR-g-D₄) with in situ generated silica was performed using the sol–gel reaction of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) in latex.     

经口内镜下肌切开术联合部分食管下段肌层“V”型切除术治疗贲门失弛缓症的方法学、短期疗效及组织标本评估（含视频）

目的 评估经口内镜下肌切开术（peroral endoscopic myotomy,POEM）联合部分食管下段肌层“V”型切除术治疗贲门失弛缓症（achalasia,AC）的短期疗效、安全性及建立食管下括约肌全肌层标本取材的方法。 方法 纳入2018年2月—2019年2月在天津医科大学总医院接受内镜治疗的AC患者,利用随机数字表将其按1∶3的比例随机分为POEM联合部分食管下段肌层“V”型切除术组和POEM组。评估2组患者手术时长、术中出血量和并发症发生情况;比较2组患者治疗后1个月和3个月Eckardt评分、反流症状评分、高分辨率食管测压和食管排空参数;比较2组术中获取组织标本的大小、质量和显微结构。 结果 本研究最终纳入57例患者,其中POEM联合部分食管下段肌层“V”型切除术组16例、POEM组41例。2组患者均成功完成手术,手术时长[（87.81±13.03）min比（82.20±18.10）min,t=1.302,P=0.201]和术中出血量[（6.75±1.44）mL比7.00(2.00)mL,U=-0.903,P=0.348]比较差异无统计学意义;术中和术后均未发生严重并发症。术后1个月和3个月时分别进行随访,2组患者Eckardt评分[0.00（1.00）分比0.00（1.00）分,U=-0.156,P=0.876;0.00（1.00）分比0.00（1.00）分,U=-0.337,P=0.736]、反流症状评分[0.00（0.00）分比0.00（0.00）分,U=-0.207,P=0.836;0.00（0.00）分比0.00（0.00）分,U=-0.207,P=0.836]、食管下括约肌压力[（16.00±7.00）mmHg比（13.76±6.21）mmHg,t=1.183,P=0.242;（15.06±4.14）mmHg比11.00(7.00) mmHg,U=-1.852,P=0.064](1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)、4 s完整松弛压[（6.57±2.69）mmHg比（6.82±2.22）mmHg,t=-0.364,P=0.717;（5.96±1.84）mmHg比（6.46±1.43）mmHg,t=-1.095,P=0.278]及食管排空检查5 min钡剂高度[（2.16±0.91） cm比（2.13±0.87） cm,t=0.127,P=0.899;（2.22±0.51） cm比（2.10±0.87） cm,t=0.657,P=0.514]等指标相比差异均无统计学意义,2组患者上述各指标均较术前明显降低（P均<0.05）,且同组术后两次随访结果相比,上述各指标差异未见统计学意义（P均>0.05）。术后短期随访期间2组分别有1例和2例患者诉偶尔出现反流症状,无需药物干预。POEM联合部分食管下段肌层“V”型切除术组患者术中获取的标本体积大于POEM组术中活检获取的标本[(1.32±0.55) cm×(0.58±0.17) cm×(0.18±0.02) cm比(0.28±0.05) cm×(0.13±0.03) cm×(0.10±0.03) cm,t=5.244,P<0.001],标本质量也较POEM组更重[（0.22±0.09）g比（0.03±0.01）g,t=7.192,P<0.001],且前者可于显微镜下完整观察到环行肌、肌间神经丛和纵行肌结构,而后者仅可观察到环形肌。 结论 POEM联合部分食管下段肌层“V”型切除术治疗AC的安全性及短期疗效与POEM术式相当,并为AC病理学研究提供了良好的组织标本。     

First-principles calculations of an asymmetric MoO2/graphene nanocomposite as the anode material for lithium-ion batteries

Previous work on the synthesis and preparation of MoO₂/graphene nanocomposites (MoO₂/G) indicates that MoO₂/G is a good anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBS). In this work, we used larger super-cells than those used previously to theoretically construct an asymmetric MoO₂/G nanocomposite with smaller lattice mismatch. We then calculated the structural, electronic and Li atom diffusion properties of MoO₂/G using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. The results show that asymmetric MoO₂/G has metallic properties, good stability and a low Li atom diffusion barrier because of the charge transfer induced by van der Waals interactions. The Li diffusion barriers in the interlayer of MoO₂/G are in the range of 0.02–0.29 eV, depending on the relative positions of the Li atom and the MoO₂ and the C atoms in the graphene layer. The Li diffusion barriers on the outside layers of the MoO₂/G nanocomposite are smaller than those of its pristine materials (MoO₂ and graphene). These results are consistent with experimental results. The adsorption of Li atoms in the interlayer of the nanocomposite further promotes the adsorption of Li atoms on the outside sites of the MoO₂ layer. Hence, the specific capacity of the MoO₂/G nanocomposite is larger than 1682 mA h g⁻¹. These properties all indicate that MoO₂/G is a good anode material for LIBS.

The structure of a nanocomposite constructed from MoO₂ and graphene and its Li atom adsorption and diffusion properties.