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1.
Cyclic peptide disulfides of the general formula were synthesized from the corresponding peptide derivatives [Boc-Cys(Trt)(Gly)-n-Cys(Trt)-OBut] by oxidation with iodine in methanol and by subsequent removal of the terminal groups with trifluoroacetic acid. Acid ionization constants of the obtained peptides were determined by potentiometric titration in aqueous KCl (0.1 mol/L) medium. All compounds have two dissociable hydrogens, corresponding to carboxyl (pK1= 2.35–2.84) and to terminal amino group (pK2= 5.61–6.93); pK1, values show first an upward and then a downward trend with the increase in ring size; the opposite is true for pK2, values. These trends could be tentatively attributed to the intramolecular salt bridge (-COO——-NH+3-) formation. 相似文献
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John L. Butler VI MS 《Journal of family psychotherapy》2013,24(1):87-88
No abstract available for this article. 相似文献
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A GCH1 haplotype confers sex‐specific susceptibility to pain crises and altered endothelial function in adults with sickle cell anemia
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Zhengyuan Wang Lena Diaw Lita Freeman Krupa Desai Michael Dizon Darlene Allen Colin Cunnington Keith M. Channon Jacqueline Milton Stephen W. Hartley Vikki Nolan Gregory J. Kato Martin H. Steinberg David Goldman James G. Taylor VI 《American journal of hematology》2014,89(2):187-193
GTP cyclohydrolase (GCH1) is rate limiting for tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthesis, where BH4 is a cofactor for nitric oxide (NO) synthases and aromatic hydroxylases. GCH1 polymorphisms are implicated in the pathophysiology of pain, but have not been investigated in African populations. We examined GCH1 and pain in sickle cell anemia where GCH1 rs8007267 was a risk factor for pain crises in discovery (n = 228; odds ratio [OR] 2.26; P = 0.009) and replication (n = 513; OR 2.23; P = 0.004) cohorts. In vitro, cells from sickle cell anemia subjects homozygous for the risk allele produced higher BH4. In vivo physiological studies of traits likely to be modulated by GCH1 showed rs8007267 is associated with altered endothelial dependent blood flow in females with SCA (8.42% of variation; P = 0.002). The GCH1 pain association is attributable to an African haplotype with where its sickle cell anemia pain association is limited to females (OR 2.69; 95% CI 1.21–5.94; P = 0.01) and has the opposite directional association described in Europeans independent of global admixture. The presence of a GCH1 haplotype with high BH4 in populations of African ancestry could explain the association of rs8007267 with sickle cell anemia pain crises. The vascular effects of GCH1 and BH4 may also have broader implications for cardiovascular disease in populations of African ancestry. Am. J. Hematol. 89:187–193, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
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提高孕产期保健质量是降低贫困地区壮族妇女孕产妇死亡的有力措施 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的 :提高贫困地区壮族农村住院分娩率 ,加强产时保健 ,提高贫困地区壮族农村产科质量 ,降低产后出血死亡率。在广西 30个老少边山穷地区 ,以项目和“母亲安全工程”为载体 ,在经济条件困难 ,基础设施落后 ,围产保健服务管理滞后的情况下 ,积极贯彻落实《母婴保健法》,依法规范围产保健服务管理 ,多方筹措资金 ,加强产科软、硬件建设 ,以项目工作为龙头 ,以科研为先导 ,积极推广适宜技术。以健康促进为目的 ,大力开展健康教育和生殖保健活动 ,使围产保健工作取得了较好成绩。30个贫困地区壮族农村近半数以上乡卫生院产科建设已达自治区标准 ,基本能满足贫困地区农民住院分娩的需求 ,并带动广西妇幼卫生工作的发展 相似文献
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Harmatz P Ketteridge D Giugliani R Guffon N Teles EL Miranda MC Yu ZF Swiedler SJ Hopwood JJ;MPS VI Study Group 《Pediatrics》2005,115(6):e681-e689
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Harmatz P Kramer WG Hopwood JJ Simon J Butensky E Swiedler SJ;Mucopolysaccharidosis VI Study Group 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992). Supplement》2005,94(447):61-8; discussion 57
AIM: Mucopolysaccharidosis VI (Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by a deficiency of the enzyme-N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulphatase (ASB). Enzyme replacement therapy with recombinant human ASB (rhASB) has been studied in a randomized, double-blind, two-dose (0.2 and 1.0 mg/kg/week) phase I/II study (n = 7) followed by an open-label single dose (1.0 mg/kg/week) extension study. We report the pharmacokinetic profile of rhASB and the impact of antibody development. METHODS: Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed at weeks 1, 2, 12, 24, 83, 84 and 96. Infusions were administered over 4 hours using a ramp-up protocol. Plasma ASB and rhASB antibody concentrations and urine glycosaminoglycan (GAG) concentrations were determined. RESULTS: The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC(0-t)) for the high-dose group increased from week 1 to week 2, but remained unchanged at weeks 12 and 24. A large difference in mean AUC(0-t) was observed between the low- and high-dose groups. Pharmacokinetic results at weeks 83, 84 and 96 were similar to those at week 24. Six patients developed antibodies to rhASB. One patient developed high antibody levels in combination with a high ASB concentration, while a second patient also developed high antibody levels with undetectable ASB concentrations. Antibodies from the second patient blocked detection of ASB. By week 72, antibody levels had decreased in all patients. The high-dose rhASB produced a more rapid and greater percentage reduction in urinary GAG concentrations than the lower dose (70% versus 55% at 24 weeks). Antibody levels did not appear to influence urinary GAG concentrations. CONCLUSION: Pharmacokinetic parameters appear to be independent of the duration of treatment and are not linear between the 0.2 and 1.0 mg/kg/week doses. Antibodies to rhASB develop in most patients, but their concentration decreases over time. Antibody formation may influence pharmacokinetic parameters during the early phases of treatment, although it appears to have limited impact on biochemical efficacy. 相似文献
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Whelton A Fort JG Puma JA Normandin D Bello AE Verburg KM;SUCCESS VI Study Group 《American journal of therapeutics》2001,8(2):85-95
BACKGROUND: Arthritis and hypertension are common comorbid conditions affecting elderly adults. Use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients treated with antihypertensive medication can lead to destabilization of blood pressure control and other cardiorenal events. The potential for similar interactions with cyclooxygenase-2-specific inhibitors has not been fully explored. The authors evaluated the cardiorenal safety of two new cyclooxygenase-2-specific inhibitors, celecoxib and rofecoxib.METHODS: This study was a 6-week, randomized, parallel-group, double-blind trial in patients with osteoarthritis who were > or =65 years of age and were taking antihypertensive agents. Patients received once-daily celecoxib 200 mg or rofecoxib 25 mg. The primary endpoints were the development of edema, changes in systolic blood pressure, and changes in diastolic blood pressure as measured at any time point in the study. Measurements occurred at baseline and after 1, 2, and 6 weeks of treatment. FINDINGS: Eight hundred ten patients received study medication (celecoxib, n = 411; rofecoxib, n = 399). Nearly twice as many rofecoxib- compared with celecoxib-treated patients experienced edema (9.5% vs. 4.9%, P = 0.014). Systolic blood pressure increased significantly in 17% of rofecoxib- compared with 11% of celecoxib-treated patients (P = 0.032) at any study time point. Diastolic blood pressure increased in 2.3% of rofecoxib- compared with 1.5% of celecoxib-treated patients (P = 0.44). At week 6, the change from baseline in mean systolic blood pressure was +2.6 mmHg for rofecoxib compared with -0.5 mmHg for celecoxib (P = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Patients taking antihypertensive therapy and receiving cyclooxygenase-2-specific inhibitors should be monitored for the development of cardiorenal events. Patients receiving celecoxib experienced less edema and less destabilization of blood pressure control compared with those receiving rofecoxib. 相似文献