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排序方式: 共有4722条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Keiko Goto Yutaka Fujiwara Takeshi Isobe Naoko Chayahara Naomi Kiyota Toru Mukohara Yukari Tsubata Takamasa Hotta Kenji Tamura Noboru Yamamoto Hironobu Minami 《Cancer science》2019,110(6):1987-1994
Although dose reduction of S‐1 is recommended for patients with impaired renal function, dose modification for such patients has not been prospectively evaluated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic parameters of 5‐fluorouracil, 5‐chloro‐2,4 dihydroxypyridine and oteracil potassium, and to review the recommended dose modification of S‐1 in patients with renal impairment. We classified patients receiving S‐1 into 4 groups according to their renal function, as measured using the Japanese estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equation. The daily S‐1 dose was adjusted based on the patient's eGFR and body surface area. Blood samples were collected for pharmacokinetic analysis. A total of 33 patients were enrolled and classified into 4 groups as follows: 10 patients in cohort 1 (eGFR ≥ 80 mL/min/1.73 m2), 10 patients in cohort 2 (eGFR = 50‐79 mL/min/1.73 m2), 10 patients in cohort 3 (eGFR = 30‐49 mL/min/1.73 m2), and 3 patients in cohort 4 (eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2). Those in cohorts 3 and 4 treated with an adjusted dose of S‐1 showed a similar area under the curve for 5‐fluorouracil (941.9 ± 275.6 and 1043.5 ± 224.8 ng/mL, respectively) compared with cohort 2 (1034.9 ± 414.3 ng/mL). Notably, while there was a statistically significant difference between cohort 1 (689.6 ± 208.8 ng/mL) and 2 (P = 0.0474) treated with an equal dose of S‐1, there was no significant difference observed in the toxicity profiles of the cohorts. In conclusion, dose adjustment of S‐1 in patients with impaired renal function using eGFR is appropriate and safe. 相似文献
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Yoshiki Imamura Takahiro Shinozaki Akiko Okada‐Ogawa Noboru Noma Masahiro Shinoda Koichi Iwata Akihiko Wada Osamu Abe Kelun Wang Peter Svensson 《Journal of oral rehabilitation》2019,46(6):574-587
Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic oro‐facial pain disorder of unknown cause. It is more common in peri‐ and post‐menopausal women, and sex hormone dysregulation is believed to be an important causative factor. Psychosocial events often trigger or exacerbate symptoms, and persons with BMS appear to be predisposed towards anxiety and depression. Atrophy of small nerve fibres in the tongue epithelium has been reported, and potential neuropathic mechanisms for BMS are now widely investigated. Historically, BMS was thought to comprise endocrinological, psychosocial and neuropathic components. Neuroprotective steroids and glial cell line–derived neurotrophic factor family ligands may have pivotal roles in the peripheral mechanisms associated with atrophy of small nerve fibres. Denervation of chorda tympani nerve fibres that innervate fungiform buds leads to alternative trigeminal innervation, which results in dysgeusia and burning pain when eating hot foods. With regard to the central mechanism of BMS, depletion of neuroprotective steroids alters the brain network–related mood and pain modulation. Peripheral mechanistic studies support the use of topical clonazepam and capsaicin for the management of BMS, and some evidence supports the use of cognitive behavioural therapy. Hormone replacement therapy may address the causes of BMS, although adverse effects prevent its use as a first‐line treatment. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) may have important benefits, and well‐designed controlled studies are expected. Other treatment options to be investigated include brain stimulation and TSPO (translocator protein 18 kDa) ligands. 相似文献
4.
Kazunori Aizawa Takeshi Hanaoka Hiroki Kasai Kaoru Kogashi Setsuo Kumazaki Jun Koyama Hiroshi Tsutsui Yoshikazu Yazaki Noboru Watanabe Osamu Kinoshita Uichi Ikeda 《Hypertension research》2006,29(2):123-128
The phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5) inhibitor, sildenafil, has been reported to produce sustained pulmonary vasodilatation in patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH). Recently, vardenafil, a more potent and selective PDE-5 inhibitor than sildenafil, has been approved for the treatment of erectile dysfunction. However, the long-term effects of oral vardenafil in patients with PH are unknown. We studied five consecutive patients with PH; one with primary pulmonary hypertension, two with chronic pulmonary thromboembolism, one with Eisenmenger syndrome (ventricular septal defect) and one with secondary pulmonary hypertension after a ventricular septal defect closure operation. In an acute hemodynamic trial, vardenafil (5 mg) significantly decreased both the pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and systemic vascular resistance (SVR) with an increase in cardiac output. In a chronic hemodynamic trial, the maintenance dose of vardenafil (10 to 15 mg) for 3 months significantly decreased the PVR, but not the SVR, with a 20.7% reduction of the PVR/ SVR ratio. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels were also significantly decreased after 3 months. This pilot study demonstrates that long-term oral vardenafil therapy may be a safe and effective treatment for patients with PH. 相似文献
5.
Masahiro Yamauchi Hiroko Kusano Etsuko Saito Takeshi Iwata Masashi Nakakura Yasuki Kato Takaaki Uochi Shiro Akinaga Noboru Aoki 《Journal of controlled release》2006,114(2):268-275
Previously, we demonstrated that wrapping dextran fluorescein anionic/cationic lipid complexes with neutral lipids produced a stable formulation that markedly increased the duration of the compound in plasma after intravenous administration to rats. The improved drug-delivery properties of the wrapped liposomes (WL) relative to other formulations suggested that this technology could offer important advantages for the administration of other polyanionic drugs, including antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN). In the present study, we investigated the value of WL for formulating fluorescence-labeled phosphorothioated ODN (F-ODN). WL encapsulating F-ODN/cationic lipid complexes were prepared efficiently using similar methodology to that used in our earlier study. Studies confirmed that these WL were stable in vitro. Following intravenous administration to mice, free F-ODN and naked F-ODN/cationic lipid complexes were rapidly eliminated whereas administration of the WL resulted in high blood concentrations of drug that were maintained for several hours. Additional studies were conducted in mice that were inoculated with tumor cells (Caki-1 xenograft model, human kidney); in these experiments, intravenous administration of WL delivered 13 times more F-ODN to the tumor site than achieved after injection of free F-ODN. 相似文献
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Hirochika Matsubara Eiki Mizutani Hideto Okuwaki Satoshi Nagasaka Yoshihiro Miyauchi Noboru Oyachi Shunya Shindo Yoh Dobashi Masahiko Matsumoto 《Annals of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery》2007,13(6):407-409
We report a case of mediastinal liposarcoma, recurrent after 20 years. A 58-year-old man who presented with dyspnea on exertion was found to have a large mediastinal tumor in chest computed tomography (CT), and he was referred to our hospital. He had undergone an extirpation of a mediastinal liposarcoma about 20 years earlier, and we suspected its recurrence. Because the tumor was very large, it was removed in two stages. Histologically it was diagnosed as a recurrence of the previous well-differentiated liposarcoma. Although liposarcoma is one of the most common soft-tissue sarcomas in adults, a mediastinal liposarcoma is rare. Because the recurrence rate is very high, it is necessary to follow up carefully over a long term. 相似文献
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Hisashi Tanii Norio Taniguchi Hisayoshi Niigawa Takayoshi Hosono Yasumitsu Ikura Sakae Sakamoto Takashi Kudo Tsuyoshi Nishimura Masatoshi Takeda 《Brain research》1996,743(1-2)
The neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a life-threatening complication of neuroleptic treatment. To elucidate the pathogenesis of NMS, an animal model has been developed. Experimental rabbits treated with haloperidol (1 mg/kg) by intramuscular injection, were studied for the diagnostic symptoms of increased muscle rigidity, elevated body temperature, and high serum creatine phosphokinase (CPK) level. Administration of haloperidol (1 mg/kg) and atropine (0.4 mg/kg), and exposure to high ambient temperature (35°C) induced a significant increase in electromyographic activity with muscle rigidity similar to that observed in patients with NMS. Such rabbits also showed elevated body temperature and serum CPK value. In addition to the similarity of the signs and symptoms, all parameters measured (muscle rigidity, body temperature, and serum CPK level) were normalized by dantrolene treatment. The effectiveness of dantrolene in the experimental animal partially confirms the validity of this animal model for NMS. This experimental animal model for NMS may be useful to elucidate the pathogenesis of NMS. 相似文献
10.
M Umezawa K Hanada H Naiki W H Chen M Hosokawa M Hosono T Hosokawa T Takeda 《The Journal of nutrition》1990,120(11):1393-1400
The effects of age and dietary restriction on immune response were investigated using an animal model of accelerated senescence (senescence accelerated mouse, SAM). The experimental groups consisted of control (ad libitum fed) and restricted groups (fed 60% of energy intake of the controls). Spleen weight and total number of splenic cells were significantly lower in the food-restricted group at 8 mo of age. Percentages of T (Thy-1.1+) and B (surface Ig+) cells in the splenic cells were not significantly different between the two groups. The number of direct hemolytic plaque-forming cells per 10(6) spleen cells 4 d following immunization with sheep red blood cells and dinitrophenyl-Ficoll was significantly greater in the 8-mo-old mice in the food-restricted group than in the control group. In the latter group, antibody responses Progressively decreased with age. Mitogen responses to concanavalin A and lipopolysaccharide were maintained in the food-restricted group but were depressed in the control group at 8 mo. In addition, though autoantibody to single-stranded DNA increased in the control group with advancing age, there was a steady decrease in the food-restricted group until 8 mo. Serum immunoglobulin (IgA and IgM) concentrations were significantly lower in the food-restricted group than in controls at 8 mo of age. Therefore, our results suggest that when senescence accelerated mice are subjected to food restriction, there may be a modulatory effect on the immune dysfunction associated with advancing age. 相似文献