The St. George's dementia bed investigation study: a comparison of clinical and pathological diagnosis.

Sixty-four elderly patients who had been admitted to the St. George's Hospital Alzheimer's disease evaluation project during 1981-1989 were followed up to postmortem examination. Comparison between clinical diagnoses and neuropathological diagnoses indicated positive predictive values for the antemortem diagnoses of 50-67%. Existing clinical criteria may not be accurate enough to permit firm antemortem diagnosis of older people for either research or clinical purposes.     

Ultrastructural changes in the frontal cortex and hippocampus in the ageing marmoset

The ultrastructure of the cells and capillaries of the frontal cortex and hippocampus was studied in marmosets to assess age-related changes. The appearances in the brains of four marmosets, more than 12 years of age, were compared with those of two young marmosets aged 26 and 21 months. There was widespread accumulation of lipofuscin in neurons, glial cells, perivascular macrophages and pericytes, but not in endothelial cells. Many of the nerve cell nuclei showed marked membrane infolding, alteration of nuclear morphology and occasional inclusions. A few degenerated and dystrophic axons containing abnormal organelles were seen. The capillaries displayed irregularly thickened and split basal laminae. No neurofibrillary tangles, neuritic plaques, amyloid deposits or granulovacuoles were present. These changes are compared to those occurring in other animal species and in man during ageing.     

Unicystic granulosa cell tumor: a case report

Granulosa Cell Tumors (GCT) constitutes 1.5% to 3.5% of all primary ovarian neoplasms. They may be solid, cystic or both. Unilocular cystic GCT are very rare. We report here a case of 32 years female with unicystic GCT in which the distinction from follicular cyst was difficult and was made by carefully examining the lining of the cyst,which showed occasional multiple layers of granulosa cells with a few Call-Exner bodies.     

Antibacterial photodynamic activity of photosensitizer-embedded alginate-pectin-carboxymethyl cellulose composite biopolymer films

Lasers in Medical Science - Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (APDT) is a promising approach for treatment of wounds infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. In this approach, delivery of...     

Pharmacy based surveillance for identifying missing tuberculosis cases: A mixed methods study from South India

BackgroundNo Indian studies have assessed the implementation of recent policy on pharmacy based surveillance and its contribution in TB notification. So, this study was conducted with objectives to describe: a) pharmacy based TB surveillance and TB notification, and b) experiences of pharmacy based surveillance implementation from the programme managers and pharmacists perspective.MethodsA mixed methods study—quantitative (cross-sectional) and qualitative (in-depth interviews) in two selected districts Dharmapuri and Salem districts of Tamil Nadu State, India.ResultsIn 2018, 45 (11%) of 397 pharmacies in Dharmapuri and 90 (6%) of 1457 pharmacies in Salem districts reported sale of anti-TB drugs to 1307 and 1673 persons respectively. Upon validation through direct patient contact 942 (72%) persons in Dharmapuri and 863 (52%) persons were identified as previously ‘un-notified’ TB patients. These patients constituted 20% and 29% of the total TB cases notified in Dharmapuri and Salem respectively. The enablers for implementing this activity were: understanding the importance of notification, availability of resources (manpower, computers) to record, report and validate the patient data, repeated trainings and partnerships. The barriers were: patients' hesitancy to share their details to pharmacists (confidentiality), cumbersome recording and reporting process, difficulties in recording patient details during high workload busy business hours.ConclusionThis process contributed about one-fourth of the TB patients notified in these districts. Its implementation needs to be strengthened and should be scaled up in other parts of the country.