全文获取类型
收费全文 | 36994篇 |
免费 | 2496篇 |
国内免费 | 155篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 456篇 |
儿科学 | 781篇 |
妇产科学 | 688篇 |
基础医学 | 5190篇 |
口腔科学 | 626篇 |
临床医学 | 3307篇 |
内科学 | 8863篇 |
皮肤病学 | 615篇 |
神经病学 | 3730篇 |
特种医学 | 1377篇 |
外国民族医学 | 3篇 |
外科学 | 6466篇 |
综合类 | 272篇 |
一般理论 | 17篇 |
预防医学 | 2070篇 |
眼科学 | 634篇 |
药学 | 2359篇 |
中国医学 | 110篇 |
肿瘤学 | 2081篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 126篇 |
2022年 | 292篇 |
2021年 | 625篇 |
2020年 | 362篇 |
2019年 | 660篇 |
2018年 | 759篇 |
2017年 | 584篇 |
2016年 | 650篇 |
2015年 | 804篇 |
2014年 | 1076篇 |
2013年 | 1550篇 |
2012年 | 2269篇 |
2011年 | 2365篇 |
2010年 | 1512篇 |
2009年 | 1316篇 |
2008年 | 2286篇 |
2007年 | 2421篇 |
2006年 | 2302篇 |
2005年 | 2396篇 |
2004年 | 2296篇 |
2003年 | 2228篇 |
2002年 | 2142篇 |
2001年 | 516篇 |
2000年 | 438篇 |
1999年 | 506篇 |
1998年 | 507篇 |
1997年 | 449篇 |
1996年 | 365篇 |
1995年 | 385篇 |
1994年 | 321篇 |
1993年 | 307篇 |
1992年 | 314篇 |
1991年 | 298篇 |
1990年 | 241篇 |
1989年 | 263篇 |
1988年 | 228篇 |
1987年 | 238篇 |
1986年 | 250篇 |
1985年 | 192篇 |
1984年 | 208篇 |
1983年 | 218篇 |
1982年 | 257篇 |
1981年 | 209篇 |
1980年 | 190篇 |
1979年 | 147篇 |
1978年 | 121篇 |
1977年 | 139篇 |
1976年 | 94篇 |
1975年 | 103篇 |
1973年 | 113篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Renaud Snanoudj Nassim Kamar Elisabeth Cassuto Sophie Caillard Marie Metzger Pierre Merville Antoine Thierry Isabelle Jollet Philippe Grimbert Dany Anglicheau Marc Hazzan Gabriel Choukroun Bruno Hurault De Ligny Bénedicte Janbon Vincent Vuiblet Anne Devys Yann Le Meur Michel Delahousse Jean-Luc Taupin 《Kidney international》2019,95(6):1471-1485
4.
Koichi Masuda Robert L Sah Michael J Hejna Eugene J-M A Thonar 《Journal of orthopaedic research》2003,21(1):139-148
Most attempts to tissue-engineer cartilage have involved seeding of cultured cells into a biological or synthetic scaffold. We have developed a novel two-step culture approach that makes possible the in vitro formation of cartilaginous-like tissue by mature adult bovine chondrocytes without the aid of a synthetic matrix. The first step consists of culturing chondrocytes under conditions that maintain their rounded shape and their molecular phenotype as assessed by type II collagen and aggrecan production. This step was accomplished by culturing the isolated chondrocytes in alginate beads until the cells have reestablished a proteoglycan-rich cell-associated matrix (CM). The second step consists of culturing the cells with their CM, after recovery from the beads, on a tissue culture insert with a porous membrane. In this study, young adult bovine articular chondrocytes were cultured in alginate beads in the presence of 10% or 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS). After 7 days of culture, the alginate beads were dissolved by incubating the beads for 20 min in sodium citrate buffer, a calcium chelator. Following a brief centrifugation, the cells with their CM were recovered, resuspended in medium containing 10% or 20% FBS and seeded onto a tissue culture insert. After 1 week of culture on the insert, the individual cells with their CM progressively became incorporated into a mass of cartilaginous tissue. Culture with 20% FBS resulted in the best formation of tissues. These tissues, easily recovered from the insert, were then subjected to biochemical and histological analyses. The biochemical results showed that the chondrocytes remain phenotypically stable in the tissues. The de novo tissue has a relatively high ratio of PG/collagen. Histological examination of the tissue revealed it contained a cartilage-like matrix strongly stained with toluidine blue. This scaffold-free system appears ideal to study, in vitro, the development of transplantable cartilaginous tissue. 相似文献
5.
A Michel C Vons S Hillaire P Icard G Hazebroucq F Kemeny D Houssin D Franco 《European surgical research. Europ?ische chirurgische Forschung. Recherches chirurgicales européennes》1990,22(5):249-255
The efficiency of Eurocollins or modified University of Wisconsin (UW) solution (MUW) in preserving rat livers was compared. After cold storage with one of the solutions, the livers were transplanted or perfused by collagenase for isolation of hepatocytes. Five of the 6 rats receiving a graft preserved with MUW versus none of the 6 rat receiving a graft preserved with Eurocollins solution survived 24 h or more. A significantly greater number of hepatocytes were isolated from livers preserved with MUW than from livers preserved with Eurocollins solution. This suggests a better reperfusion of MUW-preserved livers by collagenase resulting from less endothelial injury. LDH release by cultured hepatocytes, ketone body production and stimulation by glucagon were not significantly different between the two groups. These results confirm the superiority of MUW solution over Eurocollins in preserving liver grafts. They suggest that the advantage of MUW solution results from better protection of vascular endothelium rather than of hepatocytes. 相似文献
6.
Marie-Paule Roth Hlne Coppin Patrick Descoins Jean-Bernard Ruidavets Anne Cambon-Thomsen Michel Clanet 《Journal of neuroimmunology》1991,34(2-3):215-222
The polymorphism at the HLA-DPB1 locus has been characterized in a large number of patients with multiple sclerosis (n = 112) and in healthy controls (n = 115). Both patients and controls lived in the southwest of France (in the Pyrénées Atlantiques) and had similar ethnic background. The typing procedure involved the selective amplification of the second exon of the DPB1 locus by polymerase chain reaction, followed by hybridization of the amplified DNA with 14 sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes. Individual alleles were identified by the pattern of hybridization of the different probes. The distribution of the DPB1 alleles was not significantly different in multiple sclerosis patients and controls (p = 0.11). This does not corroborate the reported association of multiple sclerosis with the primed lymphocyte typing (PLT)-defined DPw4 specificity and is not in favour of a role played by polymorphic residues of the DP molecule in susceptibility to multiple sclerosis. 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
10.
Aaron M Kipp Jennifer A Lehman Richard A Bowen Patricia E Fox Michael R Stephens Kaci Klenk Nicholas Komar Michel L Bunning 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2006,75(4):688-690
To better understand the potential environmental health risk presented by West Nile virus (WNV)-contaminated feces, we quantified the amount of WNV present in the feces of experimentally infected American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos) and fish crows (Corvus ossifragus). Peak fecal titers ranged from 10(3.5) to 10(8.8) plaque-forming units (PFU)/g for 10 American crows and from 10(2.3) to 10(6.4) PFU/g for 10 fish crows. The presence of infectious WNV in bird feces indicates a potential for direct transmission of WNV. Thus, handlers of sick or dead birds should take appropriate precautions to avoid exposure to fecal material. 相似文献