超声心动图诊断手术前后心下型完全性及部分性肺静脉异位引流

目的 利用多普勒超声心动图术前诊断心下型完全性及部分性肺静脉异位引流,判断术后肺动脉压力及是否存在吻合口狭窄。方法 回顾分析25例心下型完全性肺静脉异位引流及30例心下型部分性肺静脉异位引流患儿超声心动图诊断资料。结果 超声心动图对心下型肺静脉异位引流诊断率可达100%。手术后近期未发生吻合口狭窄者,肺动脉压峰值及右心室/左心室舒张末内径比值与术前差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);发生吻合口狭窄者,肺动脉压峰值及右心室/左心室舒张末内径比值与术前差异无统计学意义。结论 超声心动图可准确诊断心下型肺静脉异位引流,有利于确定手术方案。     

Comparison of acute toxicities between contemporary forward‐planned 3D conformal radiotherapy and inverse‐planned intensity‐modulated radiotherapy for whole breast radiation

The use of inverse‐planned intensity‐modulated radiation therapy for whole breast radiation treatment has become more prevalent, but this may impose an increased cost on the health system. We hypothesized that when applied with the same treatment planning goals, tangential forward‐planned field‐in‐field 3D conformal radiotherapy and tangential inverse‐planned intensity‐modulated radiotherapy would be associated with comparable toxicities. Women who underwent tangential whole breast irradiation at our institution from 2011 to 2015 planned using either forward‐planned field‐in‐field 3D conformal radiotherapy or intensity‐modulated radiotherapy were retrospectively analyzed. Grade 2+ Radiation dermatitis was the primary endpoint. A total of 201 and 212 women had undergone field‐in‐field 3D conformal radiotherapy and intensity‐modulated radiotherapy, respectively. No differences were observed between the two modalities regarding acute radiation dermatitis, breast pain, or fatigue. In a multivariable logistic regression that incorporated the use of boost, hypofractionation, use of chemotherapy, patient positioning, use of a supraclavicular field, and breast planning target volume, intensity‐modulated radiotherapy was not correlated with different rates of Grade 2+ radiation dermatitis. This study supports the routine first‐line use of field‐in‐field 3D conformal radiotherapy for whole breast radiation instead of tangential intensity‐modulated radiotherapy from the standpoint of equivalence in acute toxicity. Further investigation is needed to assess whether there are subgroups of women who may still benefit from intensity‐modulated radiotherapy.