连续监测动物眼前后房压强差的实验方法探索

建立一种连续监测正常动物眼前后房压强差的实验方法.将高精度的CP300空气压差传感器改装成测量前后房液体压差传感器,通过穿刺法,将测量装置的正负极分别植入实验动物眼的后房和前房,连续测量动物前后房压强差,获得了数小时的有效实验数据,初步验证了该方法的可行性.     

Haplotype associations of the major histocompatibility complex with psoriasis in Northeastern Thais

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the distributions of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) at class I and II loci that may contribute to the genetic susceptibility to psoriasis patients in the north-eastern Thai population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed the allelic frequencies of HLA class I and II by using the polymerase chain reaction-amplification refractory mutation system (PCR-ARMS) technique and polymerase chain reaction-single stranded conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP), respectively, in 140 north-eastern Thais with psoriasis that were sudivided into two groups: one with age at onset < 40 years (type I psoriasis; 95 cases) and the other with age at onset > 40 years (type II psoriasis; 45 cases). Three hundred healthy unrelated north-eastern Thais were used as controls. RESULTS: HLA-A*01, -A*0207, -A*30, -B*08, -B*13, -B*4601, -B*57, -Cw*01, -Cw*0602, and -DRB1*07 were positively associated with type I psoriasis, whereas HLA-A*24, -A*33, and -Cw*04 were negatively associated with type I psoriasis with statistical significance when compared to the controls. The Cw*0602 allele showed the strongest correlation with this type. In addition, the frequencies of HLA-A*0207, -A*30, -Cw*01, and -DRB1*1401 were significantly increased in type II psoriasis. HLA-A*207, -B*4601, -Cw*01, -DRB1*09, -DQB1*0303 (AH46.1), HLA-A*01-B*57-Cw*0602-DRB1*07-DQB1*0303 (AH57.1), and HLA-A*30, -B*13, -Cw*0602, -DRB1*07, and -DQB1*02 (AH13.1) were identified as high-risk major histocompatibility complex (MHC) halotypes for psoriasis patients in the early onset group in north-eastern Thais. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates not only the differential association between HLA markers and types of psoriasis according to age at onset, but also a newly found high-risk and a protective haplotype in Thai psoriasis patients.     

阴囊坏疽的治疗体会(附14例报告)

目的总结阴囊坏疽的治疗方法。方法2003年8月至2005年6月诊治阴囊坏疽14例，患者年龄27～74岁，平均48岁。阴囊坏疽并发肛周、阴茎坏疽者2例，并发肛周、阴茎、腹股沟区坏疽者10例，并发肛周、阴茎、腹股沟区、腹部皮下坏疽者2例。其中并发阴茎坏死3例，并发睾丸炎5例。14例细菌培养均为阳性。14例均采用Ⅰ期清创、阴囊成形、置管引流术，同时给予抗炎对症治疗。3例阴茎坏死者行阴茎全切、尿道造瘘术，2例腹部坏疽者行腹部皮下切开清创引流，5例睾丸炎者行单侧睾丸切除。结果12例阴囊成形术Ⅰ期愈合，2例尿道造瘘术患者痊愈出院。10例阴茎皮肤坏疽者1个月后阴茎植皮，痊愈出院。死亡2例。结论早期及时清创和抗炎对症治疗是治疗本病的关键，Ⅰ期清创、阴囊成形及置管引流是治疗阴囊坏疽的有效方法。     

体质不同的大学生自然行走时足底压力特征的差异性分析

目的将步态特征与体质状况相结合,分析对比不同体质的大学生自然行走时步态特征的差异性和规律,通过步态特征来反映大学生的体质状况,为今后如何提高大学生的体质提供一定的理论依据。方法选取119名大学生作为研究对象,对大学生的体质状况进行测试,按照《国家学生体质健康标准(2014年修订)》将测试成绩进行分类;然后对分类后的大学生,利用足底压力测试系统进行自然行走时步态特征的测试,选择不同足支撑期分期所占百分比、足底各区域压强峰值、足底不同区域所受冲量百分比、足弓指数、足轴角为步态特征参数;最后,对比分析体质不同的大学生其步态特征的差异性。结果受试者在自然行走时,足轴角的大小之间差异具有统计学意义。结论大学生的体质状况与步态特征有密切关系。可根据步态特征的差异性,进一步了解大学生的体质状况,为今后设计有针对性的大学生体育锻炼方案提供客观依据,改善大学生的体质状况。     

颅内动脉瘤动物模型的最新进展和应用

颅内动脉瘤足蛛网膜下腔出血的主要原因,致死率和致残率都很高,其破裂风险分析研究依赖所制备的真实可靠的动脉瘤动物模型.探讨动脉瘤的形态、病生理、演变过程,建立颅内动脉瘤动物模型,探索其发病机制,对临床治疗具有重要意义.本文对建立动脉瘤模型的几种方法进行了比较评述,并在此基础上提出了一种新的颅内动脉瘤动物模型的制作方法.     

Cutaneous polyarteritis nodosa: a report of a case associated with melioidosis (Burkholderia pseudomallei)

A 22-year-old Thai woman was hospitalized with a 1-month history of high-grade fever and slowly progressing multiple erythematous painful nodules on both legs. A history of arthralgia in the knee and ankle joints was presented. She had been treated with acetaminophen and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) from a provincial hospital before, but without improvement. She denied the histories of upper respiratory tract infection, jaundice, tuberculosis, and taking any drugs before skin eruption. On physical examination, she had a temperature of 40 °C, a pulse rate of 90 beats per minute, a respiratory rate of 22 breaths per minute, and a blood pressure of 110/60 mmHg. She had multiple 1–4 cm erythematous, oval, tender, nodules on the pretibial area of both legs. Some nodules also had fluctuation and hemorrhagic bullae ( Fig. 1 ). Other physical examinations were normal, except for positive splenic dullness on percussion.

Figure 1 Open in figure viewer PowerPoint Erythematous, subcutaneous nodules with hemorrhagic bleb on both legs     

Experimental research on the mechanical properties of porcine iris

Quantification of the mechanical properties of the iris is necessary to assess the clinical significance of passive iris deformation, which has been suggested as a mechanism for angle closure glaucoma. The animal model simulating the total pupillary block was developed to simulate angle closure glaucoma, and experiments were performed on isolated porcine irises, deformation of the iris was captured when changing the pressure difference between the posterior and anterior chamber. A simple mechanical model was used to account for the geometry of the experiment. The relationship between the area strain (delta) and the pressure differences between the posterior and anterior chamber (P') is described as delta=b(0)+b(1)LnP'. Furthermore the radial 2D elastic mechanics parameter was calculated. The average 2D elastic mechanics parameter of porcine iris was found to be 5.3N/m in the radial direction and 24.7N/m in azimuthal direction. Experimental results provide reliable theoretical and experimental base for explanation of the blindness caused by Glaucoma.     

压入实验考虑曲率时弹性模量的确定方法

目的针对平压头压入曲面材料的问题,提出了考虑曲面曲率时弹性模量的确定方法.方法首先利用有限元方法研究曲率对压入响应的影响,然后利用量纲分析与有限元方法,给出压入载荷的无量纲表达式,并提出考虑被压材料为曲面时弹性模量的确定方法,最后用数值算例验证方法的有效性.结果数值算例结果显示,本方法研究曲面材料的识别弹性模量的相对误差均小于4%,且精度较高.结论对于角膜、巩膜等生物软组织材料,用压入法确定材料力学特性时,材料表面曲率的影响不可忽略.     

外固定器背伸位固定治疗三踝骨折内踝顶针应变生物力学测试研究

目的:探讨外固定器背伸位固定治疗三踝骨折时使内踝骨折稳定的最佳踝关节固定位置.方法:应用手术截骨方法制作三踝骨折的尸体标本模型.复位后安装外固定器,并应用6根顶针复位与固定.于内踝两根顶针下表面贴应变片,并与应变仪导线连接.通过调整踝关节固定复位器.使踝关节固定于背伸中立、背伸内翻、背伸外翻三种位置.用试验机控制加载,应用应变仪采集顶针应变数据.实验结果经SPSS 12.0统计软件进行统计分析.结果:外内踝骨折背伸中立位比背伸内翻位及背伸外翻位固定稳定.结论:外固定器背伸位固定治疗三踝骨折时,使内踝骨折稳定的最佳踝关节固定位置是背伸中立位.     

在体兔眼虹膜材料模型的确定

【摘 要】 目的:确定适合表征在体虹膜力学行为的材料模型。 方法:基于在体动物实验,建立眼前节有限元模型。假设虹膜材料分别为线弹性模型、Neo-Hookean模型和二阶Ogden模型,参考相应文献,设定材料参数范围,计算对应的虹膜特征点位移。基于在体实验的测量结果,利用目标函数,比较不同模型间的差异。 结果:二阶Ogden模型对应的目标函数的最小值和平均值均最小,Neo-Hookean模型次之,线弹性模型的最大。 结论:3种模型相比,二阶Ogden模型最适合用于描述在体虹膜的力学行为。