An overview of existing mesothelioma registries worldwide,and the need for a US Registry

The association between asbestos exposure, mainly in occupational settings, and malignant mesothelioma has been well established; this has prompted several countries to establish mesothelioma epidemiologic surveillance programs often at the request of national agencies. This review compares currently existing mesothelioma registries worldwide to develop a concept model for a US real-time case capture mesothelioma registry. Five countries were identified with a mesothelioma specific registry, including Italy, France, UK, Australia, and South Korea. All, except the UK, used interviews to collect exposure data. Linkage with the national death index was available or was in future plans for all registries. The registries have limited information on treatment, quality of life, and other patient-centered outcomes such as symptoms and pain management. To thoroughly collect exposure data, “real-time” enrollment is preferable; to maximize the capture of mesothelioma cases, optimal coverage, and a simplified consent process are needed.     

Pharmacokinetics and brain penetration study of chlorogenic acid in rats

1. The present study is designed to investigate the brain distribution and plasma pharmacokinetics profiles of chlorogenic acid (CGA) after intranasal administration in Charles–Foster rats to evaluate whether the CGA molecules are transported directly via the nose-to-brain path.

2. The CGA is administered intravenously (IV) and intranasally (IN) at the dose of 10?mg/kg. Further, its concentration in the plasma, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the whole brain is analyzed by HPLC-UV method.

3. The study observes that CGA is rapidly absorbed in plasma with t_max of 1?min similar to IV route after IN administration. The peak plasma concentration and AUC_0–24 are higher by 3.5 and 4.0 times respectively in IV administration, compared to IN delivery that represents the significant less systemic exposure of CGA in IN route.

4. However, the concentration of CGA in the brain is 4, 6.5, 5.3, 5.2 and 4.5 times higher at 30, 60, 120, 240 and 360?min, respectively in IN administration compared to IV administration. The exposure of CGA in the brain after IN administration (AUC_{brain, IN}) was significantly greater (4 times) as compared to the exposure of CGA in the brain (AUC_{brain, IV}) after IV administration reflecting significant brain uptake of CGA through nasal route. Therefore, IN delivery of CGA can be a promising approach for the treatment of stroke and neurodegenerative disorders.