蒙药绿松石的质量标准研究＊

目的 建立蒙药绿松石的质量标准。方法 收集不同产地绿松石，共10批。观察绿松石样品和粉末的性状并进行理化鉴别；按2020年版《中国药典》（四部）通则方法测定绿松石样品中水分、浸出物含量；采用原子吸收光谱法测定绿松石样品铜元素含量。结果 绿松石为不规则、周围带有黑石的块状物，表面蓝绿色，体重，质硬脆，难砸碎，断面呈贝壳状，蜡样光泽，粉末呈灰绿色，无臭，味淡；理化鉴别结果显示，呈铜盐反应；10批次样品中水分含量为0.41%-3.94%（SD=1.37%），浸出物含量为0.21%-0.81%（SD=0.21%），铜元素含量为3.03%-4.63%（SD=0.63%）。结论 初步拟定绿松石中水分含量不得超多5.0%、浸出物含量不得低于0.10%，铜元素含量应为2.60%-4.84%，制定的标准可用于蒙药材绿松石的质量控制。     

优克龙治疗输尿管结石(附60例报告)

目的　观察优克龙 (Urocalun )治疗输尿管结石的疗效和安全性。　方法　对 6 0例输尿管结石直径 <1cm的患者予口服优克龙治疗 ,4 5 0mg/次 ,3次 /d ,服药 5周。　结果　 6 0例患者中结石排出 4 5例 (75 % ) ;10例 (17% )结石位置下降 ;5例 (8% )位置无变化。 4例患者服药后有轻度胃部不适、恶心或口干。　结论　优克龙治疗输尿管结石效果良好。     

彩色多普勒超声心动图与核磁共振诊断主动脉夹层动脉瘤的对比研究

目的　通过彩色多普勒超声心动图 (CDUCG)和核磁共振成像 (MRI)诊断主动脉夹层动脉瘤 (AD)的影像学特征 ,比较两种无创检查技术诊断AD的临床价值。方法　对临床疑诊AD的患者行CDUCG心脏各切面探查 ,重点扫查并测量主动脉各节段异常超声征象 (夹层发生部位、内膜片跨度、管径宽度等 ) ,对相同患者行MRI检查时在扫描图像上辨认并确定夹层发生的部位、撕裂范围等。结果　CDUCG诊断Ⅰ型AD 4例 ,Ⅱ型 2例 ,Ⅲ型AD 1例。MRI对Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型AD均可明确诊断。本文 3例Ⅲ型AD经MRI确诊并检出附壁血栓 2例 ,1例Ⅰ型AD可疑 ,余结果同CDUCG。结论　两种技术诊断AD各有优缺点 ,CDUCG偏重于诊断Ⅰ、Ⅱ型 ,MRI适合各型AD的诊断。前者更为迅速、直观 ,重复性强 ,可了解心血管病变的全部信息 ;危急重症患者不宜或难以接受MRI检查。     

T cell response of I-Aq mice to self type II collagen: meshing of the binding motif of the I-Aq molecule with repetitive sequences results in autoreactivity to multiple epitopes

Type II collagen (CII) is of immunological interest because of its repetitive structure and properties as an autoantigen. The mouse gene has recently been cloned, thus enabling T cell-defined epitopes to be identified. Multiple novel epitopes on mouse CII are here detected in the autoreactive T cell response. The major response is directed to an epitope with residues 707-721 located on the CB10 fragment. Some 25 other epitopes are also recognized, including the autologous homologue of the 256-270 epitope which dominates in the response to foreign collagen. The cells reactive with mouse collagen peptides were of Th1 type, as judged by release of IFN-gamma. No significant reactivity was detected to mouse CII peptides during ongoing disease. Alignment of the mouse epitopes revealed a sequence motif with characteristic side chains at residues P1, P4 and P7, and to a lesser extent at P5, within a nonamer core sequence. Binding of these epitopes was simulated in a computer model of the I-Aq molecule, where peptides with anchor residues at P1, P4 and P7 were indeed found to fit the binding groove best. The spacing of pockets and the fine structure of the binding surface of the I-Aq molecule meshes with the repetitive structure of the collagen (X-Y-Gly), thus providing a likely explanation for the occurrence of multiple epitopes. Comparison with human DR binding motifs showed that the I-Aq motif resembles most closely that of the DR4 subtypes which predispose for rheumatoid arthritis.      

Staging-laparoscopy

Summary. The so-called extended diagnostic laparoscopy (EDL) facilitates the comprehensive exploration of the abdominal cavity, thus improving the precision of the pretherapeutic tumor staging in gastrointestinal malignancies. EDL comprises visual inspection with a specific preparation of all relevant sites, laparoscopic sonography and retrieval of samples for biopsy and cytology. Additional relevant therapeutic information was obtained through EDL in 40.5 % of gastric cancer patients. EDL could be of similar importance for diagnosing esophageal, hepatobiliary and pancreatic malignancies.      

Effects of Helicobacter pylori on histamine and carbachol stimulated acid secretion by human parietal cells.

Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection is associated with hypo, normal, and hypersecretory disorders of the gastric mucosa. Pathophysiological pathways by which H pylori interacts with acid secretion are still unclear. The effects of H pylori on (14C) aminopyrine uptake by human parietal cells were examined as an indirect assay for acid secretion. Isolated oxyntic glands were stimulated with submaximal concentrations of histamine or carbachol and incubated with sonicates of different H pylori strains. Omeprazole and sonicates of Campylobacter jejuni served as positive and negative controls, respectively. Two of four H pylori strains reduced hydrochloric acid sequestration within the parietal cells significantly and in a dose dependent manner in up to 80%. Interaction with acid secretion may therefore constitute a factor contributing to a distinct pathogenicity of H pylori strains.     

Physiologic responses to heavy-resistance exercise with very short rest periods

Heavy-resistance exercise utilizing very short rest periods is commonly used by body builders to prepare for competition. The purpose of this study was to compare the acute responses of this type of heavy-resistance exercise protocol in competitive body builders (BB) and power lifters (PL). Nine male BB and eight PL were matched for age, size and experience. A ten-station heavy-resistance exercise protocol was used. Each subject performed three sets of 10 repetition maximum (RM) with 10-s rest between sets and alternated 30-s and 60-s rest periods between exercises. No differences were observed in total work between the groups, but BB used a significantly (P less than 0.05) higher percentage of their 1 RM in the bench press and leg press exercises. Heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and lactate levels were obtained during the exercise protocol; significant (P less than 0.05) increases were observed above rest for these variables. RPE was significantly correlated with lactate levels (r = 0.84). Plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, cortisol, and lactate levels significantly increased from pre- to 5 min post-exercise. Mean plasma volumes were reduced -16.6 (+/- 3.64)% and -20.6 (+/- 8.32)% following the exercise protocol for BB and PL, respectively. Significant (P less than 0.05) decreases in eosinophil counts were observed following exercise. No significant differences were observed between BB and PL for any of the physiologic responses measured. PL exhibited a higher incidence (100%) of clinical symptoms of dizziness and nausea compared to BB (11.1%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

A longitudinal study of the effect of different social rearing conditions on cerebrospinal fluid norepinephrine and biogenic amine metabolites in rhesus monkeys

The purpose of this study was to determine whether disruption of early social attachment alters the activity of brain biogenic amine systems in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta). Male rhesus monkey infants were deprived of maternal interaction, peer interaction, or both, during the first 22 months of life. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was collected under rigorously controlled conditions approximately every month and assayed for levels of norepinephrine (NE), its major metabolite, and the metabolites of dopamine and serotonin. Mother-Deprived infants had lower levels of CSF NE than Mother-Reared infants. Mother-Deprived infants also failed to develop the same pattern of intercorrelations between compounds and month-to-month stability in levels of neurotransmitter and metabolites in CSF as the Mother-Reared infants. Finally, there were changes in CSF NE levels associated with social separation and social group formation. The brain NE system appears to be sensitive to changes in the social environment. Its level of activity, as reflected in levels of NE in CSF, appears to depend on both the prevailing social environment and the prior rearing environment.