Research progress on the biomimetic remineralization of hard tooth tissues based on polyamide-amine dendrimer

聚酰胺—胺树枝状聚合物（PAMAM）作为一种新型超支化大分子聚合物,因其出色的化学和生物学特性,一直被众学者称之为“人工蛋白”。 PAMAM的特点是存在内部空腔,并含有大量的反应性末端基团,这些结构使得PAMAM可以被用作仿生大分子,模拟天然有机基质在牙体组织表面进行仿生矿化,即PAMAM作为有机模板调控矿物质成核以及晶体的生长,以此来建造比传统的异体材料更加理想的牙体修复材料。本文就 PAMAM 诱导牙体硬组织仿生矿化的研究进展作一综述。     

内听动脉闭塞综合征的临床与发病机理

目的：探讨内听动脉闭塞综合征的临床与发病机理。方法：分析24例患者年龄、性别及所伴发疾病如高血压病、糖尿病、冠心痛及椎-基底动脉供血不足等。结果：50岁以上，有高血压病、冠心病、糖尿病、椎-基底动脉供血不足者内听动脉闭塞发病明显增加。结论：高血压病、冠心病、糖尿病、椎基底动脉供血不足是内听动脉闭塞综合征的主要危险因素。     

Association of Insulin Resistance and Higher Oncotype DX™ Recurrence Score

Annals of Surgical Oncology - Black women with breast cancer have a worse overall survival compared with White women; however, no difference in Oncotype DX? (ODX) recurrence scores has been...     

银杏叶提取物治疗急性脑梗死的系统评价

目的：系统评价银杏叶提取物治疗急性脑梗死的疗效和安全性。方法：检索万方数据库、中国知网数据 库及维普数据库等,收集已公开发表的有关银杏叶提取物治疗脑梗死的临床随机对照试验的相关文献,按照预先设 计的要求筛选文献、选取资料和质量评估后,采用Revman 4.2软件对文献中的原始研究进行系统评价。结果：与对照 组比较,银杏叶提取物组疗效显著提高,总有效率比值比(odds ratio,OR)为1.60~5.53,神经功能缺损评分加权均数差 (weighted mean diff erence,WMD)为−3.12(95%CI：−3.96~−2.28)。结论：银杏叶提取物有益于改善急性脑梗死患者的神 经功能缺损状况,安全性好。     

浙江省某中学肺炎支原体感染暴发的流行病学及临床特点

肺炎支原体（Mycoplasma pneumoniae,MP）感染是引起原发性非典型肺炎和社区获得性肺炎的重要病原体。有研究表明,在社区获得性肺炎中肺炎支原体的急性感染率为11．4％,既往感染或病原携带者为5．7％,总发生率为17．1。     

镇静小鼠的非侵入式气道反应性测定法及药物作用

目的：建立并验证镇静小鼠气道反应笥的非侵入式测定法,探讨小鼠气道高反应性与气道炎症的关系。方法：观察致敏及药物对小鼠引喘阈浓度的影响,及支气管－肺泡灌洗液（ＢＡＬＦ）中白细胞渗出量的变化。结果：与未致敏小鼠相比,致敏小鼠吸入ＯＡ６ｈ的ＭＣｈ引喘阈逍度显著降低,ＢＡＬＦ中细胞渗出量显著增高,地塞米松（７．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）和氨茶碱（３７．５ｍｇ／ｋｇ）可降低致敏小鼠吸入ＯＡ引起的气道反应性增高和ＢＡＬＦ     

Breast Cancer Treatment Decision-Making: Are We Asking Too Much of Patients?

OBJECTIVE

Physicians are mandated to offer treatment choices to patients, yet not all patients may want the responsibility that entails. We evaluated predisposing factors for, and long-term consequences of, too much and not enough perceived decision-making responsibility among breast cancer patients.

DESIGN

Longitudinal assessment, with measurements collected just after surgical treatment (baseline) and 6-month follow-up.

PARTICIPANTS

Women with early-stage breast cancer treated surgically at eight NYC hospitals, recruited for a randomized controlled trial of patient assistance to improve receipt of adjuvant treatment.

MEASUREMENTS

Using logistic regression, we explored multivariable-adjusted associations between perceived treatment decision-making responsibility and a) baseline knowledge of treatment benefit and b) 6-month decision regret.

RESULTS

Of 368 women aged 28–89 years, 72 % reported a “reasonable amount”, 21 % “too much”, and 7 % “not enough” responsibility for treatment decision-making at baseline. Health literacy problems were most common among those with “not enough” (68 %) and “too much” responsibility (62 %). Only 29 % of women had knowledge of treatment benefits; 40 % experienced 6-month decision regret. In multivariable analysis, women reporting “too much” vs. “reasonable amount” of responsibility had less treatment knowledge ([OR] = 0.44, [95 % CI] = 0.20–0.99; model c?=?0.7343;p?<?0.01) and more decision regret ([OR] = 2.,91 [95 % CI] = 1.40–6.06; model c?=?0.7937;p?<?0.001). Findings were similar for women reporting “not enough” responsibility, though not statistically significant.

CONCLUSION

Too much perceived responsibility for breast cancer treatment decisions was associated with poor baseline treatment knowledge and 6-month decision regret. Health literacy problems were common, suggesting that health care professionals find alternative ways to communicate with low health literacy patients, enabling them to assume the desired amount of decision-making responsibility, thereby reducing decision regret.     

手术室外来器械规范化管理及效果分析

目的：对手术室外来器械进行规范化管理,以提高手术室外来器械的清洗、灭菌质量,降低手术感染风险。方法：将外来手术器械统一到医院的消毒供应中心进行专业化清洗、打包、灭菌后再送至手术室无菌储物间备用,经护士及医生检验后方可使用。结果：对比实施规范化管理前后各290包外来器械的卫生及手术感染情况显示,实施规范化管理前,外来器械包合格率为76.9%,手术室因外来器械不合格而导致手术延误率为5.2%;规范化管理后,外来器械包合格率为100%,未出现因外来器械不合格而致手术延误的事例。结论：对手术室外来器械进行规范化统一管理,能使手术器械的卫生及质量状况明显改善,确保手术按时进行并降低手术感染率。     

Exome sequencing identifies MXRA5 as a novel cancer gene frequently mutated in non-small cell lung carcinoma from Chinese patients

Lung cancer has become the top killer among malignant tumors in China and is significantly associated with somatic genetic alterations. We performed exome sequencing of 14 non-small cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs) with matched adjacent normal lung tissues extracted from Chinese patients. In addition to the lung cancer-related genes (TP53, EGFR, KRAS, PIK3CA, and ROS1), this study revealed "novel" genes not previously implicated in NSCLC. Especially, matrix-remodeling associated 5 was the second most frequently mutated gene in NSCLC (first is TP53). Subsequent Sanger sequencing of matrix-remodeling associated 5 in an additional sample set consisting of 52 paired tumor-normal DNA samples revealed that 15% of Chinese NSCLCs contained somatic mutations in matrix-remodeling associated 5. These findings, together with the results from pathway analysis, strongly indicate that altered extracellular matrix-remodeling may be involved in the etiology of NSCLC.