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排序方式: 共有1038条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Jakobsen Dodt Meyer Katzenstein Gerstoft & Skinhøj 《Scandinavian journal of immunology》1998,47(6):591-595
The purpose of the study was to investigate potential associations between tumour necrosis factor (TNF), soluble TNF receptors (sTNF-Rs), immunoglobulin (Ig)G subclasses and development of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease amongst human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 patients. We enrolled HIV-1 patients with CD4 counts less than 100/μl in a prospective study and followed them over 1 year for development of CMV disease. Concentrations of TNF, sTNF-RI, sTNF-RII and IgG subclass reactivities were measured by ELISA; levels of CMV pp65 antigenaemia were determined as numbers of pp65 expressing cells/100 000 cells and were measured by staining of leucocytes; and HIV-1 RNA loads were measured by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Eighteen patients studied with CMV disease had higher levels of sTNF-RI than 18 similar patients without CMV disease. Concentrations of sTNF-RI correlated with levels of CMV antigenaemia in blood samples collected before the development of CMV disease. Patients with CMV disease had lower levels of IgG1 reactivities to CMV than patients without CMV disease. We conclude that increased levels of sTNF-RI and decreased IgG1 reactivities are associated with an increased risk of development of CMV disease among HIV-1 patients. 相似文献
2.
Radiographic manifestations of bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia vs usual interstitial pneumonia 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P W Chandler M S Shin S E Friedman J L Myers A L Katzenstein 《AJR. American journal of roentgenology》1986,147(5):899-906
The radiographic findings in 24 cases of bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia and 16 cases of usual interstitial pneumonia were reviewed and compared. Some cases of bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia have been mistaken for usual interstitial pneumonia, although the two diseases have distinct pathologic findings. Clinically, the diseases often have different manifestations. Bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia has a better prognosis and often responds well to steroids. This study shows that the radiologic findings of bronchiolitis obliterans include alveolar opacities without lung-volume loss. Patients with usual interstitial pneumonia, however, have bilateral diffuse interstitial opacities with occasional honeycomb changes, and there is loss of lung volume in most patients. These findings suggest that the chest radiograph can aid in distinguishing the two diseases. 相似文献
3.
Balloon dacryocystoplasty: indications and contraindications 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
4.
This paper reviews functionally important insights into the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The major sequela of this infection is early and progressive involvement of the immune system, with widespread immune dysfunction. This pathogenetic feature has a major impact on strategies for control of the infection. The immunosuppression caused by the virus leads to higher levels of viral replication and enhanced potential for development or selection of variant viruses, including forms that are more virulent or even drug resistant. Therefore, control of HIV infection and disease may require antiviral agents and CD4 receptor competitors as well as recombinant DNA-derived lymphokines and subunit vaccine immunotherapies. To be successful, such therapies must work to counter infection in monocytes and nonlymphoid cells as well as in T4 lymphocytes. Because many limbs of the immune system are affected by HIV infection, the complexities of this pathogen can be unraveled only by the careful study of immune functions during the disease and of effective interventions to control infection and disease and to restore immune functions. 相似文献
5.
Duncan WC; Illingworth PJ; Young FM; Fraser HM 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(9):2532-2540
The molecular mechanisms involved in luteolysis are still unclear in the
primate. This study aimed to investigate the effect of induced luteolysis
on the ovarian luteinizing hormone (LH) receptor and the steroidogenic
enzyme, 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3beta-HSD) in the marmoset
monkey. Luteolysis was induced in the mid-luteal phase either directly by
systemic prostaglandin F2alpha (PGF2alpha), or indirectly by LH withdrawal
using systemic gonadotrophin releasing hormone antagonist (GnRHant)
treatment. The LH receptor was studied by isotopic mRNA in-situ
hybridization and in-situ ligand binding and 3beta-HSD expression was
studied using isotopic mRNA in-situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry.
Induced luteolysis was associated with a reduction in the expression of LH
receptor (P < 0.0001) and 3beta-HSD mRNA, closely followed by a
reduction in the LH receptor (P < 0.05) and 3beta-HSD protein
concentrations within 24 h. There were no differences in the findings
whether luteolysis was induced with PGF2alpha or GnRHant. This study shows
that disparate mechanisms to induce luteolysis in the primate result in an
identical rapid loss of the LH receptor and 3beta-HSD. In conclusion,
induced luteolysis leads to rapid loss of the steroidogenic pathway in
luteal cells.
相似文献
6.
HM Clink 《Journal of clinical pathology》1980,33(8):799-800
7.
B D Wilson V M Mondloch A L Katzenstein V L Moore 《The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology》1984,74(2):180-184
Immunized rabbits that were aerosol challenged for 2 to 3 wk with pigeon dropping extract, an etiologic agent of hypersensitivity pneumonitis, developed chronic pulmonary inflammation associated with cell-mediated immunity in bronchoalveolar cells. However, prolonged aerosol challenge for 12 wk resulted in the diminution of pulmonary inflammation (modulation) and the loss of demonstrable cell-mediated immunity. This was probably not due to loss of sensitized lymphocytes that mediated pulmonary inflammation. Furthermore, rabbits undergoing modulation when they were challenged with an unrelated antigen were refractory to the development of pulmonary inflammation for at least 9 wk. After this refractory period, animals reimmunized and aerosol challenged with pigeon dropping extract displayed an anamnestic response and produced pulmonary lesions that were strikingly similar to the histopathology of human hypersensitivity pneumonitis. 相似文献
8.
9.
Peripheral blood mononuclear cell human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proviral DNA quantification by polymerase chain reaction: relationship to immunodeficiency and drug effect. 下载免费PDF全文
J G Montoya R Wood D Katzenstein M Holodny T C Merigan 《Journal of clinical microbiology》1993,31(10):2692-2696
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviral DNA from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was quantitated in 61 HIV-1-seropositive individuals by a nonisotopic polymerase chain reaction assay. Primers from the gag region (SK38, SK39) were used to determine the log10 HIV-1 proviral copy number per 10(6) CD4+ T lymphocytes (peripheral blood proviral load). A standard curve was generated for each assay by using ACH-2 cell DNA. The peripheral blood proviral load was followed in 15 individuals in a longitudinal study and was measured in 45 individuals in a cross-sectional analysis. Three of four untreated patients who were followed for 14 months had stable PBMC proviral loads and CD4+ T lymphocyte counts; one untreated patient had a sustained increase in PBMC proviral load followed 5 months later by a significant decline in the CD4+ T lymphocyte count. Eleven previously untreated individuals were monitored for 1 year following initiation of zidovudine and/or 2',3'-dideoxyinosine therapy. The mean log10 number of proviral HIV-1 copies per 10(6) CD4+ T cells decreased from 4.3 +/- 0.4 at the baseline to 3.5 +/- 0.6 after 2 to 4 months of therapy (P < 0.01). This initial 0.8 log10 fall in the PBMC proviral load after the initiation of therapy was followed by a rise in the PBMC proviral load by the sixth month of therapy. The PBMC proviral load in 45 subjects, both treated (n = 25) and untreated (n = 20), correlated inversely with the CD4+ T lymphocyte count (P < 0.01, R = 0.49). PBMC proviral DNA quantification by a nonisotopic polymerase chain reaction assay correlates with HIV-1 disease progression and could be used to monitor the effect of antiretroviral therapy. 相似文献
10.
Semen parameters and testicular pathology in men with testicular cancer and contralateral carcinoma in situ or bilateral testicular malignancies 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
Kliesch S; Bergmann M; Hertle L; Nieschlag E; Behre HM 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(12):2830-2835
We evaluated 14 patients with bilateral testicular tumour, one-sided tumour
and contralateral carcinoma in situ (CIS) of the testis or testis tumour in
single testis with respect to their fertility. We analysed semen
parameters, serum hormones [follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing
hormone (LH) and testosterone], testicular sonography, testicular volumes
and testicular histology prior to further anti-cancer treatment. Ten out of
14 patients showed normal or reduced sperm concentrations, while 4/14
patients were azoospermic. Serum FSH levels showed a significant negative
correlation with sperm concentrations in patients with testicular
malignancies (r = -0.64, P = 0.025). Testicular volumes revealed a
significant positive correlation with semen parameters in patients with
testes that were affected by CIS (r = 0.733, P = 0.038). We conclude that
even bilateral testicular cancer and/or CIS do not preclude fertility and,
therefore, patients should be offered andrological investigation and
therapy, including possibly surveillance strategy or the chance for
cryopreservation of the semen prior to further treatment in order to
preserve their chances for paternity.
相似文献