全文获取类型
收费全文 | 666篇 |
免费 | 25篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 2篇 |
儿科学 | 9篇 |
妇产科学 | 4篇 |
基础医学 | 75篇 |
临床医学 | 46篇 |
内科学 | 116篇 |
皮肤病学 | 2篇 |
神经病学 | 68篇 |
特种医学 | 18篇 |
外科学 | 231篇 |
综合类 | 8篇 |
预防医学 | 12篇 |
眼科学 | 5篇 |
药学 | 19篇 |
肿瘤学 | 77篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 1篇 |
2019年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 3篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2016年 | 8篇 |
2015年 | 12篇 |
2014年 | 13篇 |
2013年 | 32篇 |
2012年 | 32篇 |
2011年 | 34篇 |
2010年 | 21篇 |
2009年 | 32篇 |
2008年 | 44篇 |
2007年 | 58篇 |
2006年 | 44篇 |
2005年 | 47篇 |
2004年 | 37篇 |
2003年 | 34篇 |
2002年 | 42篇 |
2001年 | 30篇 |
2000年 | 44篇 |
1999年 | 18篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 10篇 |
1996年 | 10篇 |
1995年 | 7篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1993年 | 3篇 |
1992年 | 8篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 1篇 |
1985年 | 2篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 1篇 |
1978年 | 1篇 |
1977年 | 2篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有692条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1.
Both vascular surgery and endovascular interventions traumatise the arterial wall, especially the endothelium. The vessel responds with neointimal hyperplasia and/or constrictive remodelling, and this is still the limiting factor in curative interventions. Stent placement prevents constrictive remodelling but is the main trigger for in-stent restenosis. Hyperproliferation of neointimal tissue is the main response to arterial thrombosis, local inflammation or medio-intimal injury such as occurs, for example, after balloon dilatation in the region of arterial anastomoses or of a thrombectomy (Fogarty-manoeuvre). At present, research on prevention of restenosis is focused on inhibiting neointimal hyperproliferation by using drug-eluting stents, and especially sirolimus- or paclitaxel-eluting stents. In addition, further experimental research work is in progress, with the aim of esablishing new treatment regimens and solving the problem of neointimal formation, thrombosis and constrictive remodelling. These include both local and systemic pharmacological therapy, brachy- and laser therapy, and many genetic treatment options, some of which are currently the subjects of experimental studies and early-stage clinical trials. Gene therapy seems like a promising way of preventing restenosis, but has not yet been tested in clinical trials. In the near future, selective, simultaneous, and perhaps even polyphasic regulation for gene silencing of two or more genes involved in the development of restenosis could improve the long-term patency rate. 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
K.-W. Jauch 《Der Chirurg》1997,68(6):551-558
Summary. Trauma, operative interventions, infection and other disturbances of homeostasis lead to a uniform reaction of the body,
namely release and activation of hormones and cytokines. Profound alterations of substrate flow result, with mobilization
of energy stores and degradation of structural and functional proteins of vital organs like the gut mucosa. Due to these reactions
the energy demands of the organs are met and energy-consuming synthesis of substrates is indicated. Clinically, hypermetabolism,
hyperglycemia, lipolysis and increased urea production with negative nitrogen balance can be observed. The metabolic reactivity
is reached by an increased substrate cycling. To avoid negative consequences such as organ dysfunction, a rational situation-adapted
substrate supply is warranted as well as reduction of catabolic stimuli and stimulation of anabolic factors. The metabolic
care of the surgical patient is still a basic and important task.
相似文献
5.
Laparoscopic mesh repair of incisional hernia: an alternative to the conventional open repair? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
M. Stickel M. Rentsch D.-A. Clevert T. Hernandez-Richter K. W. Jauch F. Löhe M. K. Angele 《Hernia》2007,11(3):217-222
Background Tension-free incisional hernia repair using alloplastic material increasingly replaces conventional repair techniques. This
change resulted in a decreased recurrence rate (50% vs. 10%, respectively). Recently, laparoscopic approaches for the intraperitoneal
tension-free mesh application have been introduced. The decreased trauma at the incision site and the reduction in wound infections
appear to be the main advantages. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the early and long-term complications as well
as patients’ contentment.
Methods Laparoscopic hernia repair with intraperitoneal polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE) mesh implantation was performed on 62 patients
at the Klinikum Grosshadern between 2000 and 2005 (29 males, 33 females age 60.7). Intra- and postoperative complications
were registered prospectively and retrospectively analyzed. In addition, 57 patients were evaluated for recurrence, postoperative
pain and patient contentment (median follow-up 409 days).
Results A low complication rate was observed in our patient collective. One trocar bleeding occurred. Three patients presented with
wound hematoma. The recurrence rate was 8% (2/25). Sixty-two percent of the patients were free of complaints postoperatively.
Eighty-five percent would once again choose the laparoscopic approach for incisional hernia repair.
Conclusion The laparoscopic technique was associated with a low recurrence rate, a small rate of wound infections and high patient comfort.
Thus, the laparoscopic approach for mesh implantation appears to be a safe and effective method for the treatment of incisional
hernias. The efficiency for laparoscopic intraperitoneal mesh implantation, however, should be further evaluated within a
prospectively randomized multicenter trial.
M. Stickel and M. Rentsch contributed equally. 相似文献
6.
The DSM-III and DSM-III-R criteria for "brief reactive psychosis" change the original concept of this disorder in a manner so restrictive as to virtually eliminate the diagnosis. In a companion paper to this one, we have reviewed the original concept and data supporting further study of this classification. We now argue that the operational criteria of the DSM-IIIs do not enhance the study of this putative disease entity, but rather thwart this goal by restricting the diagnosis so severely that too few cases will be found to test the third psychosis hypothesis. We suggest revised criteria that will retain the essential features of the traditional concept while defining explicit criteria in the style of the DSM-IIIs. 相似文献
7.
Wienberg J. Jauch A. Lüdecke H. -J. Senger G. Horsthemke B. Claussen U. Cremer T. Arnold N. Lengauer C. 《Chromosome research》1994,2(5):405-410
Fluorescencein situ hybridization (FISH) of microlibraries established from distinct chromosome subregions can test the evolutionary conservation of chromosome bands as well as chromosomal rearrangements that occurred during primate evolution and will help to clarify phylogenetic relationships. We used a DNA library established by microdissection and microcloning from the entire long arm of human chromosome 2 for fluorescencein situ hybridization and comparative mapping of the chromosomes of human, great apes (Pan troglodytes, Pan paniscus, Gorilla gorilla, Pongo pygmaeus) and Old World monkeys (Macaca fuscata andCercopithecus aethiops). Inversions were found in the pericentric region of the primate chromosome 2p homologs in great apes, and the hybridization pattern demonstrates the known phylogenetically derived telomere fusion in the line that leads to human chromosome 2. The hybridization of the 2q microlibrary to chromosomes of Old World monkeys gave a different pattern from that in the gorilla and the orang-utan, but a pattern similar to that of chimpanzees. This suggests convergence of chromosomal rearrangements in different phylogenetic lines. 相似文献
8.
Steffen Dietzel Anna Jauch Dirk Kienle Guoquiong Qu Heidi Holtgreve-Grez Roland Eils Christian Munkel Michael Bittner Paul S. Meltzer Jeffrey M. Trent Thomas Cremer 《Chromosome research》1998,6(1):25-33
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with microdissection probes from human chromosomes 3 and 6 was applied to visualize arm and subregional band domains in human amniotic fluid cell nuclei. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and quantitative three-dimensional image analysis showed a pronounced variability of p- and q-arm domain arrangements and shapes. Apparent intermingling of neighbouring arm domains was limited to the domain surface. Three-dimensional distance measurements with pter and qter probes supported a high variability of chromosome territory folding. 相似文献
9.
Reinehr T Jauch A Zoll B Engel U Bartels I Andler W 《American journal of medical genetics》2001,102(1):81-85
Deletions of the terminal Xp regions, including the short-stature homeobox (SHOX) gene, were described in families with hereditary Turner syndrome and Léri-Weill syndrome. We report on a 10-2/12-year-old girl and her 37-year-old mother with short stature and no other phenotypic symptoms. In the daugther, additional chromosome material was detected in the pseudoautosomal region of one X chromosome (46,X,add(Xp.22.3)) by chromosome banding analysis. The elongation of the X chromosome consisted of Giemsa dark and bright bands with a length one-fifth of the size of Xp. The karyotype of the mother demonstrated chromosome mosaicism with three cell lines (46,X,add(X)(p22.3) [89]; 45,X [8]; and 47,X,add(X)(p22.3), add(X)(p22.3) [2]). In both daughter and mother, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), together with data from G banding, identified the breakpoints in Xp22.1-3 and Xq26, resulting in a partial trisomy of the terminal region of Xq (Xq26-qter) and a monosomy of the pseudoautosomal region (Xp22.3) with the SHOX gene and the proximal region Xp22.1-3, including the steroidsulfatase gene (STS) and the Kallmann syndrome region. The derivative X chromosome was defined as ish.der(X)t(X;X)(p22.1-3;q26)(yWXD2540-, F20cos-, STS-, 60C10-, 959D10-, 2771+, cos9++). In daughter and mother, the monosomy of region Xp22.1-3 is compatible with fertility and does not cause any other somatic stigmata of the Turner syndrome or Léri-Weill syndrome, except for short stature due to monosomy of the SHOX gene. 相似文献
10.
Alteration of the LRP1B gene region is associated with high grade of urothelial cancer 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Langbein S Szakacs O Wilhelm M Sukosd F Weber S Jauch A Lopez Beltran A Alken P Kälble T Kovacs G 《Laboratory investigation; a journal of technical methods and pathology》2002,82(5):639-643
We have delineated regions of interest at chromosome 2q21.2, 2q36.3, and 2q37.1 by deletion mapping of 114 urothelial cancers (UC). Altogether, 17%, 18%, and 63% of the G1, G2, and G3 tumors displayed loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 2q, respectively, The region at 2q21.2 was narrowed down to the LRP1B gene (NT_005129.6). Hemi- and homozygous deletion at the LRP1B gene region was seen in 31 of 114 UCs. Only 8% of the UCs with G1 and none with G2 tumors showed loss of heterozygosity at the LRP1B gene, whereas 49% of the G3 UCs had allelic loss at this region. RT-PCR analysis of the LRP1B gene showed the lack of expression of several exons in 2 of 9 cases analyzed. Our analysis suggests that the LRP1B gene is a candidate tumor suppressor gene in UCs. 相似文献