全文获取类型
收费全文 | 860篇 |
免费 | 59篇 |
国内免费 | 5篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 10篇 |
儿科学 | 27篇 |
妇产科学 | 13篇 |
基础医学 | 89篇 |
口腔科学 | 11篇 |
临床医学 | 104篇 |
内科学 | 166篇 |
皮肤病学 | 21篇 |
神经病学 | 24篇 |
特种医学 | 173篇 |
外科学 | 106篇 |
综合类 | 22篇 |
预防医学 | 47篇 |
眼科学 | 16篇 |
药学 | 22篇 |
肿瘤学 | 73篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 6篇 |
2021年 | 20篇 |
2020年 | 9篇 |
2019年 | 6篇 |
2018年 | 16篇 |
2017年 | 18篇 |
2016年 | 10篇 |
2015年 | 23篇 |
2014年 | 37篇 |
2013年 | 48篇 |
2012年 | 22篇 |
2011年 | 26篇 |
2010年 | 42篇 |
2009年 | 28篇 |
2008年 | 34篇 |
2007年 | 37篇 |
2006年 | 28篇 |
2005年 | 20篇 |
2004年 | 21篇 |
2003年 | 20篇 |
2002年 | 18篇 |
2001年 | 31篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 25篇 |
1998年 | 34篇 |
1997年 | 46篇 |
1996年 | 34篇 |
1995年 | 22篇 |
1994年 | 23篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 16篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 10篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1981年 | 7篇 |
1980年 | 12篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 10篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1963年 | 3篇 |
1925年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有924条查询结果,搜索用时 390 毫秒
1.
2.
Background
Pulmonary dysfunction following cardiac surgery is believed to be caused, at least in part, by a lung vascular injury and/or atelectasis following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) perfusion and collapse of non-ventilated lungs. 相似文献3.
4.
Carel Bron Michel Wensing Jo LM Franssen Rob AB Oostendorp 《BMC musculoskeletal disorders》2007,8(1):107
Background
Shoulder disorders are a common health problem in western societies. Several treatment protocols have been developed for the clinical management of persons with shoulder pain. However available evidence does not support any protocol as being superior over others. Systematic reviews provide some evidence that certain physical therapy interventions (i.e. supervised exercises and mobilisation) are effective in particular shoulder disorders (i.e. rotator cuff disorders, mixed shoulder disorders and adhesive capsulitis), but there is an ongoing need for high quality trials of physical therapy interventions. Usually, physical therapy consists of active exercises intended to strengthen the shoulder muscles as stabilizers of the glenohumeral joint or perform mobilisations to improve restricted mobility of the glenohumeral or adjacent joints (shoulder girdle). It is generally accepted that a-traumatic shoulder problems are the result of impingement of the subacromial structures, such as the bursa or rotator cuff tendons. Myofascial trigger points (MTrPs) in shoulder muscles may also lead to a complex of symptoms that are often seen in patients diagnosed with subacromial impingement or rotator cuff tendinopathy. Little is known about the treatment of MTrPs in patients with shoulder disorders. 相似文献5.
6.
TP Amadeu† AB Seabra‡ MG de Oliveira‡ AMA Costa† 《Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology》2007,21(5):629-637
BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) plays a key role in wound repair and S-nitrosothiols like S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) are well known NO donors. METHODS: Animals were separated in two groups and submitted to excisional wounds on the dorsal surface at the first day. GSNO (100 microm)-containing hydrogels were topically applied on the wound bed in the GSNO group, daily, during the first 4 days. Control group was topically treated with hydrogel without GSNO for the same period. Wound contraction and re-epithelialization were measured. Animals were sacrificed 21 days after wounding. Samples of lesion and normal tissue were formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded for histological analysis. RESULTS: Wound contraction, measured 14 and 21 days after wounding, was greater in the GSNO group than in the control group (P<0.05 for both). The re-epithelialized wound area, measured 14 days after wounding, was higher in the GSNO group than in the control group (P<0.05). A higher amount of inflammatory cells was observed in superficial and deep areas of the granulation tissue of the control group compared to the GSNO group. Twenty-one days after wounding, thin red-yellow collagen fibers arranged perpendicularly to the surface were found in the granulation tissue of the control group, whereas in the GSNO-treated group collagen fibers were thicker and arranged parallel to the surface. Increased number of mast cells was observed in the GSNO group compared with that in the control group. Vascularization and myofibroblast distribution were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: Topical application of GSNO-containing hydrogel during the early phases of rat cutaneous wound repair accelerates wound closure and re-epithelialization and affects granulation tissue organization. 相似文献
7.
G. D. MacEwen Cl. Karger 《European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie》1992,2(2):89-93
Résumé D'étiologie toujours inconnue, la scoliose idiopathique de l'adolescent ne peut être traitée efficacement que si le dépistage est très précoce, entre 8 et 10 ans. La preuve de l'évolutivité angulaire doit être faite avant d'entreprendre un traitement orthopédique, dont l'objectif sera de contrôler l'aggravation liée à la poussée de croissance pubertaire. De nouveaux protocoles à temps partiel sont actuellement à l'étude et s'adresseront à des courbures peu sévères et bien réductibles. Les indications opératoires sont posées en cas d'échec ou d'intolérance au traitement orthopédique. Les limites angulaires pour de telles interventions semblent diminuer progressivement, les techniques devenant plus fiables. On accorde par ailleurs de plus en plus d'importance au plan sagittal, compte tenu de la mauvaise tolérance à long terme des lordoses thoraciques. Malgré les progrès techniques, la réalisation d'une arthrodèse solide avec une greffe abondante reste le seul garant de la stabilité angulaire. L'évolution et l'histoire naturelle des courbures congénitales du rachis sont actuellement bien connues, ainsi que les malformations viscérales habituellement associées. La surveillance radiographique dès le plus jeune âge permet d'évaluer l'asymétrie de croissance vertébrale dans le plan frontal et sagittal. Ceci permet de proposer en cas d'évolutivité un traitement à visée étiologique précoce, sous forme d'une hémi arthrodèse et épiphysiodèse convexe, antérieure et postérieure pour freiner l'hypercroissance du côté de la malformation. Pour les formes dépistées plus tardivement, une greffe postérieure avec ou sans matériel est l'indication classique, en évitant absolument toute manoeuvre de distraction qui comporte un risque de complication neurologique, en particulier en cas de composante cyphotique associée.
Idiopathic and congenital scoliosis
Summary The exact etiology of idiopathic scoliosis is still unknown and therefore the only way to improve the prognosis is to recommend an early screening program, between 8 and 10 years of age. Angular progression must be proven for every curve before any brace application. The goal of such a treatment is to control curve progression during the adolescent growth spur. Recent part-time bracing programs have been proposed for low angle and flexible curves. Surgery is indicated in case of failure or non compliance of the conservative treatment. Currently the angular limits for surgery seem to decrease, as a result of improved surgical techniques. Sagittal unbalance and loss of thoracic lordosis are of major importance for the treatment choice, since their poor outcome in the adult population. Despite technical improvements, the quality of a solid fusion is the most important factor for long lasting results. The natural history and evolution of congenital spine deformities have been precisely documented, as well as the frequently associated visceral problems. Repeated curve measurements in young children will evaluate the growth potential asymetry in the coronal and sagittal planes. In case of rapidly progressive curves, an early surgical treatment can be proposed, consisting in convex anterior and posterior hemiarthrodesis, producing an epiphysiodesis effect of the overgrowing convex side. For cases diagnosed in older ages, the classic indication is a posterior fusion, with or without instrumentation. It is important to avoid any excessive distraction, because of a high risk of neurological complications, especially in case of an associated kyphotic deformity.
Travail présenté aux Actualités. en Orthopédie Pédiatrique organisées par le Dr Cl. Karger, le 19 au 21 mars 1992 à Aubure 相似文献
8.
Mild hypothermia during halothane-induced anesthesia decreases resistance to Staphylococcus aureus dermal infection in guinea pigs 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Clark W. Sheffield MD ; Daniel I. Sessler MD ; Thomas K. Hunt MD ; Heinz Scheuenstuhl AB 《Wound repair and regeneration》1994,2(1):48-56
Because various immune functions are impaired at temperatures only 1 degrees to 3 degrees C less than normal, we tested the hypothesis that mild hypothermia during anesthesia impairs resistance to dermal infections. Guinea pigs were anesthetized for 6 hours with 1% inspired halothane. Their core temperatures were maintained at either 39 degrees C (normal for guinea pigs, n = 12) or 36 degrees C (n = 12). Two hours after induction of anesthesia, three doses each of Staphylococcus aureus (10(8), 10(7), and 10(6) organisms) were injected intradermally at nine sites on each animal's back. Core temperatures were not controlled after recovery from the anesthetic, and animals in each group were maintained in the same environment. Four days after anesthesia, each injection site was excised to obtain a count of viable bacteria. Subcutaneous oxygen partial pressure values, averaged over time, were 53 +/- 3 mm Hg (mean +/- SEM) in the hypothermic group and 62 +/- 4 mm Hg in the normothermic group (p = 0.06). Capillary perfusion, as assessed by laser Doppler flowmetry, was comparable in the two groups. One day after injection of 10(8) bacteria, the area of induration was 89 +/- 11 mm(2) in the hypothermic group but only 61 +/- 6 mm(2) in the normothermic group (p < 0.05). On postanesthetic day 4, the area of induration was 72 +/- 6 and 59 +/- 6 mm(2) in the hypothermic and normothermic groups, respectively (p > 0.05). After inoculation with 10(8) bacteria, the fraction recovered was 1.0 +/- 0.2 in the hypothermic groups and 0.6 +/- 0.2 in the normothermic group (p < 0.05). After inoculation with 10(7) and 10(6) bacteria, the fraction recovered was less than 0.2, and no difference was found between the hypothermic and normothermic animals. Thus mild hypothermia during halothane-induced anesthesia slightly impairs resistance to dermal infection. 相似文献
9.
Abdominal trauma: use of oral contrast material for CT is safe 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
10.
Arthrograms of the temporomandibular joint were obtained in 20 symptomatic joints that had previous reconstructive arthroplasty with disk repositioning because of internal derangements. Preoperative arthrograms were available for comparison in 18 joints. Symptoms resulting in a postoperative arthrogram included pain, limited ability to open the mouth, and clicking of the joints. Postoperative arthrographic findings included limited anterior translation of the condyle (90%), irregularity in outline of the intraarticular contrast agent (60%), a conical configuration of the posterior recess (25%), decreased size of the joint (28%), anterior displacement of the meniscus (25%), and perforated meniscus (15%). Many of these findings may have resulted from fibrosis and scarring, which may be a response to intraarticular bleeding. The mechanism by which the fibrosis causes the postsurgical arthrographic features is discussed. 相似文献