In Vivo Kinematics of Functional Ankle Instability Patients and Lateral Ankle Sprain Copers During Stair Descent

Patients with mechanic ankle instability experience increased tibiotalar and subtalar joint laxity. However, in vivo joint kinematics in functional ankle instability (FAI) patients and lateral ankle sprain (LAS) copers, especially during dynamic activities, are poorly understood. Ten FAI patients, 10 LAS copers, and 10 healthy controls were included in this study. A dual fluoroscopic imaging system was used to analyze the tibiotalar and subtalar joint kinematics during stair descent. Five key poses of stair descent were analyzed. Kinematic data from six degrees of freedom were calculated utilizing a solid modeling software. The range of motion and joint positions in each degree of freedom were compared among the three groups. The tibiotalar joints of FAI patients and LAS copers were significantly more inverted than those of healthy controls during the foot strike (p = 0.016, = 0.264). The subtalar joints of FAI patients were significantly more anteriorly translated (pose 2, p = 0.003, = 0.352; pose 3, p < 0.001, = 0.454; pose 4, p = 0.004, = 0.334), inverted (pose 4, p = 0.027, = 0.234; pose 5,p = 0.034, = 0.221), and externally rotated (pose 4, p = 0.037, = 0.217; pose 5; p = 0.004, = 0.331) than those of healthy controls during the mid‐stance and the heel off. The FAI patients showed excessive tibiotalar inversion and subtalar joint hypermobility during stair descent. Meanwhile, the LAS copers maintained subtalar joint stability, and only showed excessive tibiotalar inversion in foot strike. These data provide insight into the mechanisms behind the development of FAI after initial LAS. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1860–1867, 2019     

Comparison of maxillary stability after Le Fort I osteotomy for occlusal cant correction surgery and maxillary advanced surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To compare postoperative maxillary stability following Le Fort I osteotomy for the correction of occlusal cant as compared with conventional Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement. STUDY DESIGN: The subjects were 40 Japanese adults with jaw deformities. Of these, 20 underwent a Le Fort I osteotomy and intraoral vertical ramus osteotomy (IVRO) to correct asymmetric skeletal morphology and inclined occlusal cant. The other 20 patients underwent a Le Fort I osteotomy and sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO) to advance the maxilla. Lateral and posteroanterior cephalograms were taken postoperatively and assessed statistically. Thereafter, the 2 groups were followed for time-course changes. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the 2 groups with regard to time-course changes during the immediate postoperative period. CONCLUSION: This suggests that maxillary stability after Le Fort I osteotomy for cant correction does not differ from that after Le Fort I osteotomy for maxillary advancement.     

血清LSA测定在恶性肿瘤临床诊断中的初步应用

本文根据Svennerholm和蒋谷人等的方法略加改良,测定了蚌埠地区113例正常人,71例恶性肿瘤患者和82例非肿瘤疾病患者血清脂质结合唾液酸(LSA)的含量。正常值为12.4mg/dl(SD=±3.6mg/dl),71例不同肿瘤患者的平均值为28.2mg/dl(SD=±9.7mg/dl),阳性率为88.7％,82例非肿瘤疾病患者的平均值为16.82mg/dl(SD=±5.4mg/dl),假阳性率为17％。方法的灵敏度,重复性(平均CV=3.6％)和回收率(平均回收率=101.4％)测定结果是满意的。本研究的初步结果表明,血清LSA测定对肺癌、白血病、胃癌和食管癌具有一定的临床诊断价值。     

Multicenter retrospective development and validation of a clinical prediction rule for nosocomial invasive candidiasis in the intensive care setting

The study presented here was performed in order to create a rule that identifies subjects at high risk for invasive candidiasis in the intensive care setting. Retrospective review and statistical modelling were carried out on 2,890 patients who stayed at least 4 days in nine hospitals in the USA and Brazil; the overall incidence of invasive candidiasis in this group was 3% (88 cases). The best performing rule was as follows: Any systemic antibiotic (days 1–3) OR presence of a central venous catheter (days 1–3) AND at least TWO of the following—total parenteral nutrition (days 1–3), any dialysis (days 1–3), any major surgery (days −7–0), pancreatitis (days −7–0), any use of steroids (days −7–3), or use of other immunosuppressive agents (days −7–0). The rate of invasive candidiasis among patients meeting the rule was 9.9%, capturing 34% of cases in the units, with the following performance: relative risk 4.36, sensitivity 0.34, specificity 0.90, positive predictive value 0.01, and negative predictive value 0.97. The rule may identify patients at high risk of invasive candidiasis. Results of this project were partially presented at Focus on Fungal Infections 14, New Orleans, LA, USA, 2004. Abstract no. 51.     

Detection of circulating antigen by McAb-AST for evaluating the efficacy of anti-Leishmania chemotherapy.

We have adapted the simple and sensitive McAb-antigen spot test (AST) for evaluating the efficacy of anti-Leishmania chemotherapy. Serum samples from 37 kala-azar patients were tested by McAb-AST, and all showed definite positive reactions before treatment. After a course of antimony treatment, 20 turned negative, coupled with the disappearance of clinical symptoms; another 12 cases responded with weak positivity accompanied by an improvement of clinical manifestations; and the remaining 5 antimony-resistant patients showed strong positive reactions, with their conditions gradually worsening. Furthermore, all 6 cases in which the diagnosis was missed by the bone marrow smear method turned McAb-AST negative after chemotherapy. These results suggest that McAb-AST can be used to evaluate the efficacy of chemotherapy as well as to avoid missed diagnosis by the bone marrow smear method.     

顽固性癫痫的组合手术治疗

目的对部分顽固性癫痫病人，在严格充分的术前评价之后．依据结果将几种手术方式适当的组合使用，并对其临床效果进行评价。方法对同济大学东方医院神经外科收治的116例顽固性癫痫中的25例病人施行联合手术的治疗方法。发作形式为全身强直一阵挛性发作、复杂部分性发作及失神发作等，其中有14例存在两种发作形式。术前均服过多种抗癫痫药．病程后期同时服用2～3种抗癫痫药。25例病人术前均行24h脑电监测及头颅MRI检查．有19例术前行硬膜下皮层电极和深部电极检测，其中1例行头颅PET检查。手术在皮层脑电及深部电极监测下进行。13例行额颢开颅，颞前叶及海马、杏仁核切除＋额部部分区域的软膜下横切术（MST），其中7例附加胼胝体前部切开术；11例行额部开颅，额部软化灶切除＋运动区MST，其中2例附加胼胝体前部切开术；1例行双侧枕顶部开颅，左枕叶萎缩皮层切除＋胼胝体后部切开＋右侧顶枕的MST。结果术后无死亡及严重并发症。术后抗癫痫药物使用减少，术后23例服用一种抗癫痫药，2例服用两种抗癫痫药。术后随访6～12个月，17例手术效果为Engel 1级，4例为Engel2级，4例为Engel3级。40岁以下的患者手术后癫痫控制的可能性显著大于40岁以上者（P〈0．05）；病程在10年以下的患者术后癫痫无发作的可能性显著大于10年以上者（P〈0．05）。头颅MRI上有无明显的结构异常对病人的预后没有影响（P〉0．05）。结论在严格术前评价的前提下，尤其是在有精通神经电生理知识的神经外科医生综合分析下，采用多种手术方式组合治疗顽固性癫痫效果显著。     

Lymph node dissection around the splenic artery for gastric cancer--a comparative study of pancreatectomy and pancreas-preserving operation]

From 1977 to 1988, four hundred and sixty-five patients received total or proximal gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer without leaving a tumor mass at National Cancer Center Hospital. Of these, 182 patients received distal pancreatectomy (PS) and 123 received pancreas-preserving operation with removal of the splenic artery (PP). The 5-year survival rate for the PS group (32.0%) was significantly lower than 61.0% for the PP group. Concerning grades of cancer stage, the 5-year survival rates for the PP group were better than those for the PS group in stages 1, 2 and 3. Seventy-four of the 465 patients were found to have histologically proven metastatic nodes around the splenic artery. Their 5-year survival rates were 9.2% for the PS group (n = 46) and 32.7% for the PP group (n = 13) respectively. Considering the difference in the background factors, these data suggest the effectiveness of the pancreas-preserving operation for advanced gastric cancer even with microscopic lymph node metastasis around the splenic artery. The pancreas-preserving operation with removal of the splenic artery might be indicated for the patient without definite macroscopically metastatic lymph node around the splenic artery.     

Butyrate infusions in the ovine fetus delay the biologic clock for globin gene switching.

The switch from fetal to adult hemoglobin expression is regulated in many mammalian species by a developmental clock-like mechanism and determined by the gestational age of the fetus. Prolonging fetal globin gene expression is of considerable interest for therapeutic potential in diseases caused by abnormal beta-globin genes. Butyric acid, which is found in increased plasma concentrations in infants of diabetic mothers who have delayed globin gene switching, was infused into catheterized fetal lambs in utero during the time of the normal globin gene switch period. The globin gene switch was significantly delayed in three of four butyrate-treated fetuses compared with controls and was entirely prevented in one fetus in whom the infusion was begun before the globin switch was under way. These data provide a model for investigating and arresting the biologic clock of hemoglobin switching.