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B. S. Kamps H. -R. Brodt S. Staszewski L. Bergmann E. B. Helm 《Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany)》1994,72(4):283-287
The clinical history of 1538 HIV positive patients was analyzed on the basis of the new CDC classification system of HIV disease and AIDS. This classification system combines three CD4 cell categories (1, 2, and 3) with three clinical categories (A, B, and C) into nine subgroups AI–C3. We examined the overall survival for all subgroups and the AIDS-free survival for subgroups Al–B3. AIDS-free survival for patients in subgroups Al, A2, and B1 was considerably longer than survival in patients from subgroups A3, B2, and B3 (P < 0.0001). According to these findings, the new CDC classification system could be simplified into three stages, stage I and II comprising the above mentioned six subgroups, and stage III comprising clinical AIDS defining categories C1, C2, and C3. These three stages correspond to different periods in the management of HIV positive patients, i.e., period of observation, period of prophylaxis, and period of treatment.Abbreviations AIDS
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
- CDC
Centers for Disease Control
- HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Correspondence to: E.B. Helm 相似文献
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Ruprecht Nitschke Charles Pratt Michael Harris Jeffrey Krischer Teresa J. Vietti Holcombe Grier Willem Kamps Stuart Toledano 《Investigational new drugs》1992,10(2):93-96
CHIP (325 mg/M2), a second generation cisplatin derivative, was administered intravenously every 3 weeks to 85 pediatric patients with recurrent sarcomas (19), osteosarcomas (20), neuroblastoma (23), germ cell tumors (10), and other malignant tumors (7). Thirty-eight of them had been previously exposed to cisplatin. Partial remissions were only observed in 3 of 23 (13% SE=7%) patients having neuroblastoma. Severe thrombocytopenia (65%) and neutropenia (35%) were the dose limiting factors. 相似文献
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Hydrosalpinges adversely affect markers of endometrial receptivity 总被引:22,自引:10,他引:22
Meyer WR; Castelbaum AJ; Somkuti S; Sagoskin AW; Doyle M; Harris JE; Lessey BA 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1997,12(7):1393-1398
While in-vitro fertilization (IVF) was initially developed in women with
tubal factor infertility, recent clinical studies have suggested that the
presence of hydrosalpinges lowers implantation and pregnancy rates. We
postulated that these hydrosalpinges cause impaired endometrial
receptivity. A total of 103 women with hydrosalpinges were prospectively
evaluated, and compared with 55 infertile and 44 fertile controls. All
women had endometrial biopsies during the window of implantation, analysed
by conventional histological criteria, and also stained for three integrin
markers of endometrial receptivity (alpha1beta1, alpha4beta1 and alpha
vbeta3). Women with hydrosalpinges (cases) expressed significantly less of
the alpha vbeta3 integrin compared with controls. There was no difference
in expression of alpha1beta1 or alpha4beta1 among groups. A significantly
greater number of cases had out of phase histology and missing alpha vbeta3
(type I defects) and absent integrin expression despite normal histological
maturation (type II) defects, compared with controls. Of 20 women with
impaired endometrial receptivity who were also biopsied after hydrosalpinx
surgery, 70% demonstrated increased alpha vbeta3 expression. Seventy-seven
percent of type I and 57% of type II defects were corrected
postoperatively. Using markers of endometrial receptivity, this study
demonstrates that inflammatory hydrosalpinges have an adverse effect on
endometrial receptivity, which in some cases may be overcome by surgical
treatment of the hydrosalpinx.
相似文献
7.
bcl-2 transgene expression promotes survival and reduces proliferation of CD3-CD4-CD8- T cell progenitors 总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16
Proliferative expansion and apoptotic cell death play prominent roles in T
cell development. The molecular control of cell cycle progression and
apoptosis appear to be inter-connected since the Bcl-2 protein can inhibit
apoptosis and slow cell cycle progression in cortical thymocytes and mature
T cells, particularly during the transition from the quiescent state into
the cell cycle. Here the impact of bcl-2 transgene expression on
CD3-CD4-CD8- T cell progenitors was assessed. Bcl-2 enhanced the survival
of these progenitors at all of the four major differentiation stages, CD25-
CD44+ (pro-T1), CD25 + CD44+ (pro- T2), CD25 + CD44- (pro-T3) and
CD25-CD44- (pro-T4). However, it reduced cell cycling and slowed turnover
only in the pro-T4 subset. From an analysis of bcl-2 transgenic mice
expressing a TCR transgene or bearing a mutation in the scid or rag-1 gene
we conclude that Bcl-2 inhibits proliferation only of T cell progenitors
that are activated via the pre- TCR, not those stimulated via c-Kit and the
IL-7 receptor.
相似文献
8.
Mutations in the Ca(2+)-sensing receptor gene cause autosomal dominant and sporadic hypoparathyroidism 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Baron J; Winer KK; Yanovski JA; Cunningham AW; Laue L; Zimmerman D; Cutler GB Jr 《Human molecular genetics》1996,5(5):601-606
Parathyroid hormone secretion is negatively regulated by a 7- transmembrane
domain, G-protein coupled Ca(2+)-sensing receptor. We hypothesized that
activating mutations in this receptor might cause autosomal dominant
hypoparathyroidism (ADHP). Consistent with this hypothesis, we identified,
in two families with ADHP, heterozygous missense mutations in the
Ca(2+)-sensing receptor gene that cosegregated with the disorder. None of
50 normal controls had either mutation. We also identified a de novo,
missense Ca(2+)-sensing receptor mutation in a child with severe sporadic
hypoparathyroidism. The amino acid substitution in one ADHP family affected
the N-terminal, extracellular domain of the receptor. The other mutations
involved the transmembrane region. Unlike patients with acquired
hypoparathyroidism, patients with these mutations had hypercalciuria even
at low serum calcium concentrations. Their greater hypercalciuria
presumably reflected activation of Ca(2+)-sensing receptors in kidney
cells, where the receptor negatively regulates calcium reabsorption. This
augmented hypercalciuria increases the risk of renal complications and thus
has implications for the choice of therapy.
相似文献
9.
Symptomatic peripheral arterial disease: the value of a validated questionnaire and a clinical decision rule
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Bianca LW Bendermacher Joep AW Teijink Edith M Willigendael Marie-Louise Bartelink Harry R Büller Ron JG Peters Jelis Boiten Machteld Langenberg Martin H Prins 《The British journal of general practice》2006,56(533):932-937
BACKGROUND: If a validated questionnaire, when applied to patients reporting with symptoms of intermittent claudication, could adequately discriminate between those with and without peripheral arterial disease, GPs could avoid the diagnostic measurement of the ankle brachial index. AIM: To investigate the Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire (ECQ) in general practice and to develop a clinical decision rule based on risk factors to enable GPs to easily assess the likelihood of peripheral arterial disease. DESIGN OF STUDY: An observational study. SETTING: General practice in The Netherlands. METHOD: This observational study included patients of > or =55 years visiting their GP for symptoms suggestive of intermittent claudication or with one risk factor. The ECQ and the ankle brachial index were performed. The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease, defined as an ankle brachial index <0.9, was related to risk factors using logistic regression analyses, on which a clinical decision rule was developed and related to the presence of peripheral arterial disease. RESULTS: Of the 4790 included patients visiting their GP with symptoms suggestive of intermittent claudication, 4527 were eligible for analyses. The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in this group was 48.3%. The sensitivity of the ECQ was only 56.2%. The prevalence of peripheral arterial disease in a clinical decision rule that included age, male sex, smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and a positive ECQ, increased from 14% in the lowest to 76% in the highest category. CONCLUSION: This study indicates that the ECQ alone has an inadequate diagnostic value in detecting patients with peripheral arterial disease. The ankle brachial index should be performed to diagnose peripheral arterial disease in patients with complaints suggestive of intermittent claudication, although our clinical decision rule could help to differentiate between extremely high and lower prevalence of peripheral arterial disease. 相似文献
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