Comparison between true and partial hemifacial hypertrophy.

Hemifacial hypertrophy (HFH) is rare and characterized by unilateral enlargement of the head and teeth. Hemifacial hypertrophy is classified as true HFH (THFH) with unilateral enlargement of the viscerocranium, and partial HFH (PHFH) in which not all structures are enlarged. We present a case of THFH and compare and contrast it with a case of PHFH. Hemifacial hypertrophy may cover a wide spectrum of defects or may involve only muscle or bone. Myohyperplasia, reported previously as a separate syndrome, may actually represent a forme fruste of PHFH or THFH. The PHFH patient lead a healthy, normal life without significant psychosocial problems and was reluctant to accept his deformity. Contrastingly, the THFH patient had significant social stigma and compromised health together with major aesthetic morbidity. Treatment planning in THFH is arduous and involves multiple modalities. Therefore, it is imperative to differentiate THFH and PHFH for better understanding and management of the condition.     

Effect of using diode laser on Enterococcus faecalis and its lipoteichoic acid (LTA) in chronic apical periodontitis

Lasers in Medical Science - The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of diode laser irradiation on Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) and its lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Ninety-six...     

Comparison between true and partial hemifacial hypertrophy

Hemifacial hypertrophy (HFH) is rare and characterized by unilateral enlargement of the head and teeth. Hemifacial hypertrophy is classified as true HFH (THFH) with unilateral enlargement of the viscerocranium, and partial HFH (PHFH) in which not all structures are enlarged. We present a case of THFH and compare and contrast it with a case of PHFH. Hemifacial hypertrophy may cover a wide spectrum of defects or may involve only muscle or bone. Myohyperplasia, reported previously as a separate syndrome, may actually represent a forme fruste of PHFH or THFH. The PHFH patient lead a healthy, normal life without significant psychosocial problems and was reluctant to accept his deformity. Contrastingly, the THFH patient had significant social stigma and compromised health together with major aesthetic morbidity. Treatment planning in THFH is arduous and involves multiple modalities. Therefore, it is imperative to differentiate THFH and PHFH for better understanding and management of the condition.     

Rhinocerebral zygomycosis: an increasingly frequent challenge: update and favorable outcomes in two cases

Zygomycosis or mucormycosis is an increasingly frequent life-threatening infection caused by opportunistic fungal organisms of the class Zygomycetes. The pathognomonic feature is the presence of invasive aseptate mycelia that are larger than other filamentous fungi with the hyphae exhibiting right angle and haphazard branching. Usually classified as rhinocerebral, disseminated, and cutaneous types, this classification serves as important predictor of pathogenesis and outcome. These occur mostly in immunosuppressed patients including individuals with diabetes (43% exhibit the rhino-cerebral form) and patients with organ transplants and hematologic malignancies. Without early aggressive treatment, the disease follows a dismal and fatal course. The prognosis has not shown any appreciable change in the past 40 years with a stagnant mortality rate of 44%. We present 2 cases of rhinocerebral zygomycosis (RCZ), in a 58-year-old male and a 63-year-old female; both were poorly controlled diabetic patients with maxillary lesions suggestive of osteomyelitis. The patients were leading a near normal life with minimal discomfort or signs and symptoms of underlying mycosis. Most of the health care professionals treating these patients often overlooked the disease or recommended inadequate therapy. Despite long delays and inadequate initial therapy these patients survived with little outward morbidity. The prognosis for this condition may therefore be considered less dire than previously thought.     

Intraosseous pleomorphic adenoma of the mandible: report of a case and review of the literature.

Salivary gland tumors constitute approximately 3% of all head and neck tumors. The most common neoplasm involving both major and minor salivary glands is pleomorphic adenoma. Salivary gland tumors are also known to develop within jawbones probably arising from ectopic salivary tissue. Pleomorphic adenomas arising within the jaws as primary central lesions are extremely rare with only a few cases reported. Clinically and radiographically these may resemble lesions of odontogenic origin. We present a rare case of intraosseous pleomorphic adenoma of the mandible mimicking a lateral periodontal cyst along with an extensive review of literature.     

PEG-CL/LA膜负载甲硝唑药物的体外缓释及抗菌性能研究

目的 研究以聚乙二醇-聚己内酯-丙交酯（PEG-CL/LA）为聚合物载体的甲硝唑缓释膜的体外抗菌和药物释放性能,旨在研制一种新型的具有抗菌作用的药物缓释膜。方法 用紫外分光光度法测定5wt%、8wt%及10wt%甲硝唑药膜中药物的体外释放度;选用牙周可疑致病菌具核梭杆菌（Fn）和致龋菌变异链球菌（Sm）,采用抑菌圈法研究3种药膜对厌氧菌和兼性厌氧菌的抗菌性能。结果（1）药膜在载药量为5wt%~10wt%时具有较好的缓释性能,药物释放时间随着甲硝唑含量的增加而缩短,3种比例的载药膜的药物释放时间均可达7天以上,其中,5wt%药膜可达10天。（2）随着药物含量增加,抗菌作用逐渐增强,5wt%载药膜对Sm和Fn的抑菌圈直径分别为（8.00±0.16） mm和（8.07±0.09） mm;8wt%载药膜为（10.13±0.19） mm和（11.13±0.09） mm;10wt%载药膜为（12.07±0.09） mm和（19.33±0.94） mm。该药膜对具核梭杆菌的抑制作用强于对变异链球菌的抑制作用。结论 PEG-CL/LA载药膜对牙周致病菌的抑制作用效果明显,且具有良好的药物缓释性能,是一种有望用来辅助治疗牙周疾病的药物膜。