肝癌患者HBV血清学标志和HBV-DNA的关系

目的 为了探讨肝癌患血清中HBV标志物与HBV－DNA之间的相关性。方法 运用酶联免疫吸附试验和聚合酶链式反应同时检测血清中HBV标志物和HBV－DNA。结果 在427例肝癌患的血清中，HBV－M（＋）为74．0％，HBV－DNA（＋）为44．0％，与正常对照组差异非常显。结论 乙型肝炎病毒的感染与复制仍是肝癌的主要致病因素。     

“三江并流”自然遗产地怒江流域居民区蚊类多样性的空间分布格局

山地居民区村镇及其周边农耕区是一类长期在人为开发利用和干扰下,常见但又与周围山区自然状况不同的人文生态系统或地理景观。为探索我国西南山地居民区蚊类多样性空间分布规律与区系特征,作者于2006年7～8月间应用灯诱法对滇西北＂三江并流＂自然遗产地中的怒江中上游流域北纬25°00′～28°30′和海拔800～2000m之间共20个山地居民区的蚊类多样性进行了调查取样,共捕获蚊类2亚科5属32种87126只,统计分析结果显示：1）总蚊密度沿纬度和海拔梯度基本呈现为两头高中间略低的分布格局,但总体上以低纬度和低海拔地带为高;2）优势种（主要是三带喙库蚊）密度与总蚊密度沿纬度和海拔梯度均呈现正相关分布格局,说明优势种不同程度地主导了当地蚊类密度的分布趋势;3）α-多样性（Shannon-Wiener指数H′、Pielou指数E）和物种丰富度S随着纬度的增加呈逐步升高然后又降低的单峰分布格局;沿海拔梯度的变化是：H′和E总体呈现为逐步上升的趋势,但物种丰富度S呈现为中间高,两头相对较低的分布格局;4）α-多样性（H′、E）与总蚊密度在沿纬度梯度和海拔梯度的变化中均呈现为多样性随着密度降低而升高,随密度的升高而降低的负相关分布格局;5）β-多样性（Cody指数）沿纬度梯度呈偏峰分布格局,其高峰位置在27°N与28°N之间,它反映出当地蚊类物种组成在此区间发生了较大的变化;Cody指数沿海拔梯度的变化呈单峰分布格局,其高峰出现在1200～1800m之间,反映出蚊类物种组成在海拔高度约1500m的区域发生了较大的变化;上述纬度和海拔梯度的Cody指数高峰的具体地理位置分别地处当地气候沿纬度（水平）梯度和海拔（垂直）梯度分布中的北亚热带向暖温带的过渡地带,它们反映了蚊类的β多样性空间分布格局及物种组成与当地地理环境和气候条件的变?     

灯盏细辛注射液治疗冠心病心绞痛31例

本文报道应用灯盏细辛注射液治疗冠心病心绞痛31例(男性18例,女性13例;年龄60±11yr)的疗效。结果:灯盏细辛注射液(80mg/d)静脉滴注2wk后,临床疗效为87％,心电图疗效为71％。另外,对15例冠心病心绞痛患者采用复方丹参16mL加入葡萄糖液500mL静脉滴注,qd,2wk后,临床疗效80％,心电图疗效40％;2组比较,疗效相似。     

Baicalein antagonizes rotenone-induced apoptosis in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells related to Parkinsonism

Background  

Two active compounds, baicalein and its glycoside baicalin were found in the dried root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, and reported to be neuroprotective in vitro and in vivo. This study aims to evaluate the protective effects of baicalein on the rotenone-induced apoptosis in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells related to parkinsonism.     

A new staging system for hepatocellular carcinoma associated with portal vein tumor thrombus

BackgroundA new staging system for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT) was developed by incorporating the good points of the BCLC classification of HCC, and by improving on the currently existing classifications of HCC associated with PVTT.MethodsUnivariate and multivariate analysis with Wald χ² test were used to determinate the clinical prognostic factors for overall survival (OS) in patients with HCC and PVTT in the training cohort. Then the conditional inference trees analysis was applied to establish a new staging system.ResultsA training cohort of 2,179 patients from the Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital and a validation cohort of 1,550 patients from four major liver centers in China were enrolled into establishing and validating a new staging system. The system was established by incorporating liver function, general health status, tumor resectability, extrahepatic metastasis and extent of PVTT. This staging system had a good discriminatory ability to separate patients into different stages and substages. The median OS for the two cohorts were 57.1 (37.2–76.9), 12.1 (11.0–13.2), 5.7 (5.1–6.2), 4.0 (3.3–4.6) and 2.5 (1.7–3.3) months for the stages 0 to IV, respectively (P<0.001) in the training cohort. The corresponding figures for the validation cohort were 6.4 (4.9–7.9), 2.8 (1.3–4.4), 10.8 (9.3–12.4), and 1.5 (1.3–1.7) months for the stages II to IV, respectively (P<0.001). The mean survival for stage 0 to 1 were 37.6 (35.9–39.2) and 30.4 (27.4–33.4), respectively (P<0.001).ConclusionsA new staging system was established which provided a good discriminatory ability to separate patients into different stages and substages after treatment. It can be used to supplement the other HCC staging systems.     

Herbal remedies supply a novel prospect for the treatment of atherosclerosis: a review of current mechanism studies

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a systemic cardiovascular disease with complicated pathogenesis involving oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and chronic inflammation. Increasing lines of evidence have questioned the statins-dominated treatment for AS, including their dangerous side-effects such as the breakdown of muscle when taken in larger doses. A multifaceted approach that addresses all major risk factors or pathological targets may provide an ideal treatment for AS. Studies of the herbal remedies on the prevention and treatment of AS have received much attention in recent years. This review summarizes some important experimental findings regarding their mechanisms of action on AS. Using the pre-set PUBMED searching syntax and inclusion criteria, representative citations published in English concerning the experimental studies of 14 herbal materials were included. We found that many extracts and (or) single compounds from these herbal materials, such as Salvia miltiorrhiza, Curcuma longa, Rheum undulatum and Panax notoginseng, could regulate multiple key targets involved in the initiation and propagation of AS. Some important findings about the effects of herbal formulations on AS were also reviewed. Given the complicated nature of AS and the holistic, combinational approach of herbal remedies, we propose that mixed herbal preparations with multiple active ingredients may be preferable for the prevention and treatment of AS. Further rigorously designed pharmacological evaluation and multi-centred clinical trials are warranted.     

ASO Author Reflections: Impact of Bile Duct Tumor Thrombus in Hepatocellular Carcinoma—Does it Influence Staging Systems?

Annals of Surgical Oncology -     

蝮蛇抗栓酶治疗心血管疾病40例

应用蝮蛇抗栓酶(由江浙蝮蛇毒中提取)治疗心血管疾病40例,剂量为0.01-0.02U/kg,稀释后静滴,qd,21d为一疗程。治疗后患者的全血和血浆粘度、血小板聚集率、纤维蛋白原含量和血脂浓度均有显著下降。另有类似的40例患者用曲克芦丁400mg/d,静滴,21d为一疗程作对照,结果发现蝮蛇抗栓酶组(包括临床疗效)均明显优于对照组,且不良反应轻微,未发现肝、肾功能障碍和明显出血倾向。     

Baicalein antagonizes rotenone-induced apoptosis in dopaminergic SH-SY5Y cells related to Parkinsonism

Background

An efficient method for the identification of medicinal plant products is now a priority as the global demand increases. This study aims to develop a DNA-based method for the identification and authentication of plant species that can be implemented in the industry to aid compliance with regulations, based upon the economically important Hypericum perforatum L. (St John??s Wort or Guan ye Lian Qiao).

Methods

The ITS regions of several Hypericum species were analysed to identify the most divergent regions and PCR primers were designed to anneal specifically to these regions in the different Hypericum species. Candidate primers were selected such that the amplicon produced by each species-specific reaction differed in size. The use of fluorescently labelled primers enabled these products to be resolved by capillary electrophoresis.

Results

Four closely related Hypericum species were detected simultaneously and independently in one reaction. Each species could be identified individually and in any combination. The introduction of three more closely related species to the test had no effect on the results. Highly processed commercial plant material was identified, despite the potential complications of DNA degradation in such samples.

Conclusion

This technique can detect the presence of an expected plant material and adulterant materials in one reaction. The method could be simply applied to other medicinal plants and their problem adulterants.