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1.
Enhanced chronic inflammation and reduced insulin sensitivity are often present in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Cardiovascular disease remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in end-stage renal patients. Adiponectin (ADP) is a hormone exclusively produced by adipocytes and possesses anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective properties. Despite the high prevalence of insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease, levels of ADP are increased among end-stage renal disease patients on hemo or peritoneal dialysis but also among patients with moderate renal failure or with the nephrotic syndrome. Furthermore, lower ADP levels are associated with poor cardiovascular outcome. In this review, we examine ADP modifications in CKD and discuss the different factors that may have an impact on this adipokine metabolism in renal failure. 相似文献
2.
Isabelle Durieu Evelyne Vericel Daniel Guichardant Hubert Roth Jean-Paul Steghens Jocelyne Drai Raphaele Nove Josserand Eric Fontaine Michel Lagarde Gabriel Bellon 《Journal of cystic fibrosis》2007,6(5):320-326
BACKGROUND: An imbalance in the ratio of arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) was found in cystic fibrosis (CF) affected tissues and was suggested to promote inflammation. Several studies have shown that the long chain n-3 fatty acids reduced inflammatory activity while others have highlighted prooxidant activity of DHA at high concentrations. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of an intravenous fish-oil emulsion enriched with n-3 FA in patients with CF on plasma and platelet FA composition and peroxidation markers. METHODS: 13 patients with CF received one IV emulsion per week of 2 mL/kg fish-oil n-3 emulsion for 12 weeks. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in 20:5 n-3 and 22:6 n-3 platelet FA composition, no variation in 20:4 n-6, a decrease in n-9. There was no variation in plasma FA composition. Specific urinary markers of lipid peroxidation derived from n-3 and n-6 showed a very high level before infusion compared with usual values in healthy subjects which was not affected by treatment. A significant weight loss and a decrease in reduced glutathione were observed in adult patients. CONCLUSIONS: The intravenous administration of n-3 FA in CF patients induced a significant modification in platelet FA composition but no modification of oxidative markers. However, the weight loss and the decreased level in reduced glutathione observed in adult patients may suggest a potential deleterious activity for some patients. Further studies are necessary to determine the optimal dose and route for long chain FA administration required to reach a potential beneficial effect. 相似文献
3.
Jean-Fran ois Marini Fran oise Pons Jocelyne Leger Nathalie Loffreda Monique Anoal Martine Chevallay Michel Fardeau Jean J. Leger 《Neuromuscular disorders : NMD》1991,1(6):397-409
The expression of MHC isoforms in the skeletal muscles of nine patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) (from 2.5 to 15 yr of age) and three DMD carriers was studied using different specific anti-MHC MAbs. We also analyzed muscle fiber size and fiber reactivity with acridine orange and/or with a surface antigen marker. One-quarter of all fibers of DMD patients, or less with age, were of normal size and contained only adult slow MHC. Half of the muscle fibers contained adult and developmental MHCs. Only half of these fibers were representative of an active regenerative process. MHC co-expression also altered the proportion of normal fast or slow fibers. Adult fast MHCs were expressed as unique MHC only in small and very small fibers in the oldest DMD patients. In DMD carrier muscles, the greatest alterations in MHC expression were observed in patients with the most reduced dystrophin expression. However, MHC changes in dystrophin-positive fibers were similar to those observed in dystrophin-free fibers. In conclusion, disruptions or delays in the switching of all genes coding for adult fast and slow MHC and developmental MHC coincided with dystrophin deletion and with perturbations in its expression. 相似文献
4.
Pericardial puncture is the percutaneous insertion of a needle into the pericardial space to drain a pathological pericardial effusion. The challenge for the operating surgeon is to reach percutaneously a target zone in the vicinity of the mobile heart, in a soft-tissue environment. The surgeon's ability to accomplish this depends on his own mental picture of the effusion. CASPER is a navigation software using an optical localizer which assists the surgeon by enhancing the representation of the effusion and guiding the needle's progress. Using a localized and calibrated echographic probe, the surgeon acquires a set of images in the region of interest. This zone is then manually segmented on each image, a common zone is computed, and the surgeon defines a trajectory for the needle. During the puncture procedure, the surgeon follows the position of the localized needle on a computer monitor. After initial validation on an experimental phantom, a feasibility study was performed using canine and porcine models. The optical localization device was changed from an Optotrak to a Polaris device for easier use in the clinical setting. Prior to clinical application, various tests were performed concerning the mobility of the thoracic cage, the reproducibility of the thoracic position over several apneas, and the stability of anatomic structures relative to the thoracic cage. Finally, a first clinical application was successfully performed using this system. The present paper reports on these last two stages. 相似文献
5.
Visual recognition impairment follows ventromedial but not dorsolateral prefrontal lesions in monkeys 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
Visual recognition in monkeys appears to involve the participation of two limbothalamic pathways, one including the amygdala and the magnocellular portion of the medial dorsal nucleus (MDmc) and the other, the hippocampus and the anterior nuclei of the thalamus (Ant N). Both MDmc and Ant N project, in turn, to the prefrontal cortex, mainly to its ventral and medial portions. To test whether the prefrontal projection targets of the two limbothalamic pathways also participate in memory functions, performance on a variety of learning and memory tasks was assessed in monkeys with lesions of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (Group VM). Normal monkeys and monkeys with lesions of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (Group DL) served as controls. Group VM was severely impaired on a test of object recognition, whereas Group DL did not differ appreciably from normal animals. Conversely, the animals in Group VM were able to learn a spatial delayed response task, whereas 2 of the 3 animals in Group DL could not. Neither group was impaired in the acquisition of visual discrimination habits, even though the successive trials on a given discrimination were separated by 24-h intervals. The patterns of deficit suggest that ventromedial prefrontal cortex constitutes another station in the limbothalamic system underlying cognitive memory processes, whereas the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex lies outside this system. The results support the view that the classical delayed-response deficit observed after dorsolateral prefrontal lesions represents a perceptuo-mnemonic impairment in spatial functions selectively rather than a memory loss of a more general nature. 相似文献
6.
7.
A recurrent chromosome translocation breakpoint in breast and pancreatic cancer cell lines targets the neuregulin/NRG1 gene 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
8.
Clustering patterns of LOD scores for asthma-related phenotypes revealed by a genome-wide screen in 295 French EGEA families 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Bouzigon E Dizier MH Krähenbühl C Lemainque A Annesi-Maesano I Betard C Bousquet J Charpin D Gormand F Guilloud-Bataille M Just J Le Moual N Maccario J Matran R Neukirch F Oryszczyn MP Paty E Pin I Rosenberg-Bourgin M Vervloet D Kauffmann F Lathrop M Demenais F 《Human molecular genetics》2004,13(24):3103-3113
A genome-wide scan for asthma phenotypes was conducted in the whole sample of 295 EGEA families selected through at least one asthmatic subject. In addition to asthma, seven phenotypes involved in the main asthma physiopathological pathways were considered: SPT (positive skin prick test response to at least one of 11 allergens), SPTQ score being the number of positive skin test responses to 11 allergens, Phadiatop (positive specific IgE response to a mixture of allergens), total IgE levels, eosinophils, bronchial responsiveness (BR) to methacholine challenge and %predicted FEV(1). Four regions showed evidence for linkage (P=0.001): 6q14 for %FEV(1), 12p13 for IgE, 17q22-q24 for SPT and 21q21 for both SPTQ and %FEV(1). Nine other regions indicated smaller linkage signals (0.001
相似文献
9.
Mireille Lahoud David Vremec Richard L. Boyd Ken Shortman 《Clinical & developmental immunology》1993,3(2):103-112
Thymic nurse cells (TNC), multicellular complexes consisting of lymphoid cells
enclosed within cortical epithelial cells, were isolated from mouse thymus by a modified
procedure allowing immunofluorescent labeling and flow cytometric analysis of their
lymphoid contents (TNC-L). Collagenase was the only protease used for tissue
digestion, to ensure that surface antigen markers remained intact. Zonal unit-gravity
elutriation was used to enrich the TNC on the basis of their high sedimentation rate,
followed by immunomagnetic bead depletion to remove residual mononuclear cell
contaminants and a density separation to remove debris. The TNC-L were then released
from inside TNC by a short period of culture. The measured contamination of TNC-L
with exogenous thymocytes was around 0.5%. Three-color immunofluorescent labeling
revealed that TNC-L included, as well as a maiority of immature CD4+8+3low thymocytes,
about 12% of apparently mature CD4+8-3high and CD4-8+3high thymocytes. TNC are
located in the cortex, where mature cells are rare; the occurrence of mature phenotype
cells within these structures suggests that they represent a microenvironment for the
selection and generation of mature T cells. 相似文献
10.
Jocelyne Daigneault Gervais Aubin Fernand Simard Marc De Braekeleer 《Clinical genetics》1991,40(4):298-303
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder with a prevalence at birth estimated at 1/2000-1/2500 livebirths in Caucasian populations. Some 127 CF individuals are known in Saguenay-Lac-St-Jean (SLSJ), a geographically isolated region of Quebec. The prevalence at birth was estimated at 1/902 live borns, and the carrier rate was estimated at 1/15 inhabitants in the SLSJ region. The mean inbreeding coefficient was only slightly elevated in the CF group compared with three control groups, and was due to remote consanguinity. The mean kinship coefficient was 2.4 times higher in the CF group than in the control groups. In SLSJ region, the places of origin of the CF individuals and their parents did not show a clustered nonuniform distribution. Endogamy was not higher in the CF group than in control groups. 相似文献