Background Cold ischemia time and the presence of postoperative hepatic arterial thrombosis have been associated with biliary complications
(BC) after liver transplantation. An ABO-incompatible blood group has also been suggested as a factor for predisposal towards
BC. However, the influence of Rh nonidentity has not been studied previously.
Materials Three hundred fifty six liver transplants were performed from 1995 to 2000 at our hospital. BC incidence and risk factors
were studied in 345 patients.
Results Seventy patients (20%) presented BC after liver transplantation. Bile leakage (24/45%) and stenotic anastomosis (21/30%) were
the most frequent complications. Presence of BC in Rh-nonidentical graft–host cases (23/76, 30%) was higher than in Rh-identical
grafts (47/269, 17%) (P = 0.01). BC was also more frequent in grafts with arterial thrombosis (9/25, 36% vs 60/319, 19%; P = 0.03) and grafts with cold ischemia time longer than 430 min (26/174, 15% vs 44/171, 26%; P = 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression confirmed that Rh graft–host nonidentical blood groups [RR = 2(1.1–3.6); P = 0.02], arterial thrombosis [RR = 2.6(1.1–6.4); P = 0.02] and cold ischemia time longer than 430 min [RR = 1.8(1–3.2); P = 0.02] were risk factors for presenting BC.
Conclusion Liver transplantation using Rh graft–host nonidentical blood groups leads to a greater incidence of BC. 相似文献
Background: Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after noncardiac surgery is strongly associated with increasing age in elderly patients; middle-aged patients (aged 40-60 yr) may be expected to have a lower incidence, although subjective complaints are frequent.
Methods: The authors compared the changes in neuropsychological test results at 1 week and 3 months in patients aged 40-60 yr, using a battery of neuropsychological tests, with those of age-matched control subjects using Z-score analysis. They assessed risk factors and associations of POCD with measures of subjective cognitive function, depression, and activities of daily living.
Results: At 7 days, cognitive dysfunction as defined was present in 19.2% (confidence interval [CI], 15.7-23.1) of the patients and in 4.0% (CI, 1.6-8.0) of control subjects (P < 0.001). After 3 months, the incidence was 6.2% (CI, 4.1-8.9) in patients and 4.1% (CI, 1.7-8.4) in control subjects (not significant). POCD at 7 days was associated with supplementary epidural analgesia and reported avoidance of alcohol consumption. At 3 months, 29% of patients had subjective symptoms of POCD, and this finding was associated with depression. Early POCD was associated with reports of lower activity scores at 3 months. 相似文献
Maternal group B streptococcal infection is an uncommon entity. Herein we describe a case of a 27-year-old-woman who presented life-threateniing group B streptococcus meningitis with an ectopic cervical pregnancy. No other infectious focus have been found. To our knowledge this is the first time that this association has been reported. 相似文献
The actions of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug niflumic acid were studied on frog neuromuscular preparations by conventional electrophysiological techniques. Niflumic acid reduced the amplitude and increased the latency of endplate potentials in a concentration-dependent manner. Neuromuscular junctions pretreated with niflumic acid (0.05–0.5 mM) showed much less depression than control when they were stimulated with trains of impulses. Inhibition of acetylcholine release was reverted by raising the extracellular Ca2+ concentration but not by simply washing out the preparations with niflumic acid-free solutions. Pretreatment with indomethacin (0.1 mM), another nonsteroidal antiinflamatory drug, did not affect the niflumic acid-induced inhibition of evoked responses. Niflumic acid (0.1 mM) did not change the amplitude of miniature endplate potentials and had a dual action on the frequency of miniatures: it decreased their frequency at 0.1 mM whereas it produced an enormous increase in the rate of spontaneous discharge at 0.5 mM. Niflumic acid (0.1–1 mM) reversibly increased the amplitude and affected the kinetics of presynaptic voltage-activated K+ current and Ca2+-activated K+ current in a concentration-dependent manner. Niflumic acid (0.1–1 mM) irreversibly decreased the amplitude and reversibly affected the kinetics of the nodal Na+ current. Indomethacin (0.1 mM) had no effect on presynaptic currents. In conclusion, niflumic acid reduces acetylcholine release by increasing presynaptic K+ currents. This may shorten the depolarizing phase of the presynaptic action potential and may reduce the entry of Ca2+ with each impulse. 相似文献
PTOV1 was recently identified as a novel gene and protein during a differential display screening for genes overexpressed in prostate cancer. The PTOV1 protein consists of two novel protein domains arranged in tandem, without significant similarities to known protein motifs. By immunohistochemical analysis, we have found that PTOV1 is overexpressed in 71% of 38 prostate carcinomas and in 80% of samples with prostate intraepithelial neoplasia. High levels of PTOV1 in tumors correlated significantly with proliferative index, as assessed by Ki67 immunoreactivity, and associated with a nuclear localization of the protein, suggesting a functional relationship between PTOV1 overexpression, proliferative status, and nuclear localization. In quiescent cultured prostate tumor cells, PTOV1 localized to the cytoplasm, being excluded from nuclei. After serum stimulation, PTOV1 partially translocated to the nucleus at the beginning of the S phase. At the end of mitosis, PTOV1 exited the nucleus. Transient transfection of chimeric green fluorescent protein-PTOV1 forced the entry of cells into the S phase of the cell cycle, as shown by double fluorescent imaging for green fluorescent protein and for Ki67, and also by flow cytometry. This was accompanied by greatly increased levels of cyclin D1 protein in the transfected cells. These observations suggest that overexpression of PTOV1 can contribute to the proliferative status of prostate tumor cells and thus to their biological behavior. 相似文献
Summary Esthesioneuroblastoma (ESTH) is a neuroepithelial-cell-derived neoplasm of the olfactory mucosa composed of homogeneous small round cells which contain neurosecretory granules. Melanin has been detected in such tumours only occasionally. Here we describe a new case of ESTH with divergent differentiation. The primary neoplasm was found in a 67 year-old female, involving the left nasal and maxillary sinus; she died of cerebral metastasis ten months after diagnosis. Histologically only small round cells were seen, with S-100 and NSE positivity. Electron microscopy revealed neurosecretory granules and filaments, as well as the occasional presence of melanosomes. A nude mice xenograft line has been established, and is presently in its ninth transfer. Two cell types are present: small round-to-spindle shaped cells with neural features, and large epithelial-like ones. Both immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy confirm this dual differentiation, with the presence of membrane-bound dense-core neural secretion, as well as melanosomes of neuroectodermal origin. Additionally, an in vitro cell line has been established. Cytogenetic analysis confirmed the presence of both malignant human melanoma patterns; non-random abnormalities in chromosomes 1 and 6, extra copies of chromosome 7. Duplication of the long arm of chromosome 14, as seen in olfactory neuroblastoma, is also seen.This work has been supported, in part, with a grant (83/058) from the US-Spain Joint Committee for Scientific and Technological Cooperation (Madrid). This paper was presented, in abbreviated form, at the 72nd Tagung of the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Pathologie, Hannover (24–28 May, 1988) 相似文献
Problem Anti-beta2-Glicoprotein-1 antibodies (anti-β2GPI-ab) have been related to recurrent miscarriage (RM) with conflicting results. The aim was to evaluate the role of anti-β2-GPI-ab as unique biological marker in RM related to antiphospholipid (aPL). Method of study A cohort study that included 59 cases, divided in two groups, was designed: group 1 comprised 43 pregnant women with 'obstetric' antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and group 2 included 16 cases with similar complaints but only having repeatedly anti-β2-GPI-ab. Previous thrombosis and/or inherited thrombophilia were excluded. Lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies (aCA), anti-β2-GPI-ab, and other autoantibodies were analyzed. Miscarriages, premature births, pre-eclampsia, live births, placental and systemic thromboses were studied. Results No differences in previous obstetric complications were detected ( P = 1.00–0.164). After the treatment, differences in number of obstetric complications were not seen ( P = 1.00). Live births were similar in two groups (88.4% and 93.7%; P = 1.00). Placental thrombosis was equal in both groups, 93.3% versus 80% ( P = 1.00). Conclusion These results suggest that anti-β2-GPI-ab may be considered a biological marker for obstetric APS. 相似文献