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排序方式: 共有1305条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
J-P Lefaucheur J-J Labat G Amarenco A-G Herbaut D Prat-Pradal J Benaim B Aranda M-C Arne-Bes V Bonniaud P-M Boohs K Charvier F Daemgen P Dumas J-P Galaup S Sheikh Ismael J Kerdraon P Lacroix D Lagauche E Lapeyre M Lefort A-M Leroi R-J Opsomer B Parratte J-G Prévinaire P Raibaut J-Y Salle M-C Scheiber-Nogueira J-M Soler M-F Testut C Thomas 《Clinical neurophysiology》2007,37(4):223-228
Entrapment of the pudendal nerve may be at the origin of chronic perineal pain. This syndrome must be diagnosed because this can result in the indication of surgical decompression of the entrapped nerve for pain relief. Electroneuromyographic (ENMG) investigation is often performed in this context, based on needle electromyography and the study of sacral reflex and pudendal nerve motor latencies. The limits of ENMG investigation, owing to various pathophysiological and technical considerations, should be known. The employed techniques do not assess directly the pathophysiological mechanisms of pain but rather correlate to structural alterations of the pudendal nerve (demyelination or axonal loss). In addition, only direct or reflex motor innervation is investigated, whereas sensory nerve conduction studies should be more sensitive to detect nerve compression. Finally, ENMG cannot differentiate entrapment from other causes of pudendal nerve lesion (stretch induced by surgical procedures, obstetrical damage, chronic constipation...). Thus, perineal ENMG has a limited sensitivity and specificity in the diagnosis of pudendal nerve entrapment syndrome and does not give direct information about pain mechanisms. Pudendal neuralgia related to nerve entrapment is mainly suspected on specific clinical features and perineal ENMG examination provides additional, but no definitive clues, for the diagnosis or the localization of the site of compression. In fact, the main value of ENMG is to assess objectively pudendal motor innervation when a surgical decompression is considered. Perineal ENMG might predict the outcome of surgery but is of no value for intraoperative monitoring. 相似文献
2.
Chinese herbs nephropathy presentation, natural history and fate after transplantation 总被引:21,自引:2,他引:19
Reginster F; Jadoul M; van Ypersele de Strihou C 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1997,12(1):81-86
Background. Chinese herbs nephropathy is a new type of
subacute interstitial nephropathy reported in women who had followed a
slimming regimen including Chinese herbs. Methods. We
report the clinical presentation and follow-up of 15 cases and compare them
with a control group of 15 women with interstitial nephropathies of other
origins, matched for age, sex, and initial serum creatinine (mean 3 mg/dl).
Results. At presentation the Chinese herbs nephropathy
group differed from the control group by a lower proteinuria (P=0.009), a
more severe anaemia (P=0.002), and a higher prevalence of aortic
insufficiency (42% vs 0%, P <0.005). It was further characterized by
mild hypertension in 80%, glycosuria and leukocyturia in 40% and asymmetric
kidneys in 43% of the cases. During follow-up, deterioration of renal
function was faster in the Chinese herbs nephropathy than in the control
group (P <0.05). It was influenced by the duration of Chinese herbs
treatment (P=0.037) and the delay between the end of Chinese herbs
ingestion and diagnosis of the disease (P-0.013). In three cases, renal
failure developed 3 years after Chinese herbs ingestion. Complications
included severe aortic regurgitation requiring surgery (n=1), urothelial
carcinoma (n=2), bilateral ureterohydronephrosis due to periureteral
fibrosis (n=1). Five patients with Chinese herbs nephropathy were
successfully transplanted, without evidence of recurrence of the disease.
Conclusion. Chinese herbs nephropathy is characterized
by a lower proteinuria, more severe anaemia, and a faster progression of
renal failure than other interstitial nephropathies. The duration of
Chinese herbs treatment and interval between withdrawal of Chinese herbs
and diagnosis are correlated with the rate of progression. Severe, unusual
extrarenal complications may affect Chinese herbs nephropathy patients. 相似文献
3.
P. Lips MD C. Cooper D. Agnusdei F. Caulin P. Egger O. Johnell J. A. Kanis U. Liberman H. Minne J. Reeve J. Y. Reginster M. C. de Vernejoul I. Wiklund 《Osteoporosis international》1997,7(1):36-38
The morbidity of osteoporosis is caused by fractures. Vertebral fractures lead to pain and disability and a decrease in quality of life. A Working Party of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis has developed a specific questionnaire for patients with established vertebral osteoporosis. This questionnaire is intended for use in clinical trials. The questionnaire consists of questions and visual analogue scales in the following domains: pain, activities of daily living, jobs around the house, mobility, leisure and social activities, general health perception and mood. The questionnaire has been translated from English into French, German, Italian, Hebrew, Swedish and Dutch. The questionnaire is currently being validated in a multicentre study involving patients with stable osteoporosis and control subjects. Preliminary results indicate that the reproducibility is sufficient and that the questionnaire is able to discriminate between patients with vertebral osteoporosis and control subjects. 相似文献
4.
E Jung H-S Won S-K Kim J-Y Shim P R Lee A Kim J K Kim 《Ultrasound in obstetrics & gynecology》2006,27(5):562-565
Fetal thrombosis of the dural sinus is an extremely rare congenital cerebrovascular condition that is potentially fatal. We report a case of dural sinus thrombosis diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography and fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the second trimester. The thrombosis showed partial resolution during pregnancy and resolved spontaneously after birth without neurological complications. This is the first report of spontaneous postnatal resolution, and may provide helpful information on the natural history and prenatal counseling of fetal thrombosis of the dural sinus. 相似文献
5.
Pulmonary pathological features in coronavirus associated severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Tse GM To KF Chan PK Lo AW Ng KC Wu A Lee N Wong HC Mak SM Chan KF Hui DS Sung JJ Ng HK 《Journal of clinical pathology》2004,57(3):260-265
BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) became a worldwide outbreak with a mortality of 9.2%. This new human emergent infectious disease is dominated by severe lower respiratory illness and is aetiologically linked to a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV). METHODS: Pulmonary pathology and clinical correlates were investigated in seven patients who died of SARS in whom there was a strong epidemiological link. Investigations include a review of clinical features, morphological assessment, histochemical and immunohistochemical stainings, ultrastructural study, and virological investigations in postmortem tissue. RESULTS: Positive viral culture for coronavirus was detected in most premortem nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens (five of six) and postmortem lung tissues (two of seven). Viral particles, consistent with coronavirus, could be detected in lung pneumocytes in most of the patients. These features suggested that pneumocytes are probably the primary target of infection. The pathological features were dominated by diffuse alveolar damage, with the presence of multinucleated pneumocytes. Fibrogranulation tissue proliferation in small airways and airspaces (bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia-like lesions) in subpleural locations was also seen in some patients. CONCLUSIONS: Viable SARS-CoV could be isolated from postmortem tissues. Postmortem examination allows tissue to be sampled for virological investigations and ultrastructural examination, and when coupled with the appropriate lung morphological changes, is valuable to confirm the diagnosis of SARS-CoV, particularly in clinically unapparent or suspicious but unconfirmed cases. 相似文献
6.
7.
Halkin V Reginster JY 《BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy》1998,10(4):295-300
Calcitonin in general, and, more specifically, salmon calcitonin (salcatonin), has been known for 30 years to be a specific inhibitor of bone resorption. Studies have confirmed its efficacy in metabolic bone diseases characterised by excessive bone resorption, such as osteoporosis. Most randomised studies in which salcatonin and oral calcium were administered for 1 to 5 years to recently postmenopausal women for the prevention of osteoporosis have shown that bone mineral density or bone content of the lumbar spine increased significantly, compared with a reduction among women receiving calcium only. Prospective studies have shown that salcatonin is effective in the treatment of established osteoporosis, reducing significantly the relative risk of new vertebral fractures. The benefits of salcatonin nasal spray therapy were observed in the majority of women studied, and it has been shown to be an effective alternative for osteoporotic women more than 5 years postmenopausal who refuse estrogens, or for whom estrogens are contraindicated. Finally, in established osteoporosis, nasal calcitonin possesses a potent analgesic effect. The well-demonstrated effects of nasal calcitonin permit it to be considered a well tolerated and efficient approach for prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis. 相似文献
8.
Chen JJ Huang JC Shirtliff M Briscoe E Ali S Cesani F Paar D Cloyd MW 《Journal of leukocyte biology》2002,71(2):271-278
Recent studies have provided evidence that macrophages from Th1-prone mouse strains respond with an M1 profile, and macrophages from Th2-prone mouse strains respond with an M2 profile, characterized by the dominant production of NO or TGF-beta 1, respectively. We have shown that peritoneal macrophages from IL-12p40 gene knockout mice have a bias toward the M2 profile, spontaneously secreting large amounts of TGF-beta 1 and responding to rIFN-gamma with weak NO production. Moreover, IL-12p40KO macrophages are more permissive to Trypanosoma cruzi replication than their wild-type littermate cells. Prolonged incubation with rIL-12 fails to reverse the M2 polarization of IL-12p40KO macrophages. However, TGF-beta 1 is directly implicated in sustaining the M2 profile because its inhibition increases NO release from IL-12p40KO macrophages. IFN-gamma deficiency is apparently not the reason for TGF-beta 1 up-regulation, because rIFN-gamma KO macrophages produce normal amounts of this cytokine. These findings raise the possibility that IL-12 has a central role in driving macrophage polarization, regulating their intrinsic ability to respond against intracellular parasites. 相似文献
9.
10.
Effect of risedronate on the risk of hip fracture in elderly women. Hip Intervention Program Study Group 总被引:34,自引:0,他引:34
McClung MR Geusens P Miller PD Zippel H Bensen WG Roux C Adami S Fogelman I Diamond T Eastell R Meunier PJ Reginster JY;Hip Intervention Program Study Group 《The New England journal of medicine》2001,344(5):333-340
BACKGROUND: Risedronate increases bone mineral density in elderly women, but whether it prevents hip fracture is not known. METHODS: We studied 5445 women 70 to 79 years old who had osteoporosis (indicated by a T score for bone mineral density at the femoral neck that was more than 4 SD below the mean peak value in young adults [-4] or lower than -3 plus a nonskeletal risk factor for hip fracture, such as poor gait or a propensity to fall) and 3886 women at least 80 years old who had at least one nonskeletal risk factor for hip fracture or low bone mineral density at the femoral neck (T score, lower than -4 or lower than -3 plus a hip-axis length of 11.1 cm or greater). The women were randomly assigned to receive treatment with oral risedronate (2.5 or 5.0 mg daily) or placebo for three years. The primary end point was the occurrence of hip fracture. RESULTS: Overall, the incidence of hip fracture among all the women assigned to risedronate was 2.8 percent, as compared with 3.9 percent among those assigned to placebo (relative risk, 0.7; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.6 to 0.9; P=0.02). In the group of women with osteoporosis (those 70 to 79 years old), the incidence of hip fracture among those assigned to risedronate was 1.9 percent, as compared with 3.2 percent among those assigned to placebo (relative risk, 0.6; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.4 to 0.9; P=0.009). In the group of women selected primarily on the basis of nonskeletal risk factors (those at least 80 years of age), the incidence of hip fracture was 4.2 percent among those assigned to risedronate and 5.1 percent among those assigned to placebo (P=0.35). CONCLUSIONS: Risedronate significantly reduces the risk of hip fracture among elderly women with confirmed osteoporosis but not among elderly women selected primarily on the basis of risk factors other than low bone mineral density. 相似文献