全文获取类型
收费全文 | 221篇 |
免费 | 8篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 7篇 |
儿科学 | 7篇 |
妇产科学 | 6篇 |
基础医学 | 42篇 |
口腔科学 | 9篇 |
临床医学 | 22篇 |
内科学 | 45篇 |
皮肤病学 | 2篇 |
神经病学 | 15篇 |
特种医学 | 2篇 |
外科学 | 13篇 |
综合类 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 28篇 |
眼科学 | 5篇 |
药学 | 9篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 13篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2022年 | 1篇 |
2021年 | 1篇 |
2020年 | 4篇 |
2019年 | 4篇 |
2018年 | 2篇 |
2017年 | 3篇 |
2016年 | 3篇 |
2015年 | 3篇 |
2014年 | 5篇 |
2013年 | 9篇 |
2012年 | 10篇 |
2011年 | 17篇 |
2010年 | 14篇 |
2009年 | 14篇 |
2008年 | 10篇 |
2007年 | 14篇 |
2006年 | 11篇 |
2005年 | 13篇 |
2004年 | 16篇 |
2003年 | 17篇 |
2002年 | 14篇 |
2001年 | 3篇 |
1999年 | 3篇 |
1998年 | 6篇 |
1997年 | 1篇 |
1996年 | 1篇 |
1995年 | 3篇 |
1994年 | 3篇 |
1993年 | 2篇 |
1991年 | 1篇 |
1990年 | 1篇 |
1988年 | 3篇 |
1987年 | 1篇 |
1982年 | 3篇 |
1981年 | 1篇 |
1949年 | 1篇 |
1941年 | 1篇 |
1938年 | 1篇 |
1937年 | 1篇 |
1932年 | 1篇 |
1929年 | 1篇 |
1927年 | 1篇 |
1926年 | 1篇 |
1925年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有229条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Isolde Den Tonkelaar Harold E. Henkes Gijsbert K. Van Leersum 《Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology》1988,68(1-2):57-63
During the second half of the 19th century Donders, Snellen and co-workers of the Utrecht Eye Clinic played an important role in the development of clinical tonometry. These indefatigable researchers designed and built a number of tonometers of which most have been saved and which are now on display in a permanent exhibition in the Royal Netherlands Ophthalmic Hospital at Utrecht. 相似文献
2.
Henn W Niedermayer I Ketter R Reichardt S Freiler A Zang KD 《Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics》2003,144(1):65-68
We present karyotypes of 15 meningiomas with structural aberrations of chromosome 7, which were taken from a consecutive series of 400 cytogenetically characterized meningiomas. Twelve of these tumors (80%) displayed partial or complete monosomy 7p with a consensus deleted region of 7p12 approximately pter, in 6 of 15 cases arising from an unbalanced whole-arm t(1;7)(q11;p11), and in 4 of 15 cases from a whole-arm translocation involving other chromosomes. Other types of partial aneusomy 7 (3/15 cases) or balanced aberrations of chromosome 7 (2/15 cases) were relatively rare. In most cases (11/15), the centromeric region of chromosome 7 was involved in the rearrangements. We conclude that in meningiomas, the near-centromeric region of chromosome 7 is particularly prone to structural rearrangements most frequently resulting in monosomy 7p. The investigation of the histopathologic features of this rare cytogenetic subgroup of meningiomas showed no clear genotype/phenotype correlation. As 7 of 11 of the meningiomas with monosomy 7p belonged to World Health Organization grades II or III, which usually comprise less than 20% of all meningiomas, partial loss of 7p appears to be involved in tumor progression in meningiomas. Because monosomy 7p is typically associated with the strongly progression-associated monosomy 1p, however, monosomy 7p represents a cofactor more than a stand-alone feature of meningioma progression. 相似文献
3.
Obesity and subcutaneous fat patterning in relation to survival of postmenopausal breast cancer patients participating in the DOM-project 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Isolde den Tonkelaar Frits de Waard Jacob C. Seidell Jacques Fracheboud 《Breast cancer research and treatment》1995,34(2):129-137
Summary The effect of obesity and fat distribution on survival of breast cancer patients was studied prospectively in 241 women with a natural menopause who participated in a breast cancer screening project, the DOM-project in Utrecht, The Netherlands. Mean follow-up time was 9.1 years and endpoint of interest was death from breast cancer. Fat distribution was assessed by contrasting groups of subscapular and triceps skinfold thickness.No significant differences in survival time between more obese (Quetelet's index 26 kg/m2) and leaner (Quetelet's index < 26 kg/m2) patients or between patients with central fat distribution and patients with peripheral fat distribution were observed. Analyses were stratified by axillary node status, estrogen receptor status, and way of detection (by first screening or afterwards). Results of the stratified analyses were suggestive of a modifying effect of these factors.The absence of an association between obesity and survival time might be explained by two counteracting mechanisms. On the one hand obesity might be related to impaired survival, due to a tumor growth promoting effect of extra-ovarian estrogens. On the other hand obesity might be related to improved survival in a screened population, because obese patients profit more from screening by earlier detection of tumors than leaner counterparts. 相似文献
4.
Zusammenfassung
Gliome: Wir konnten zeigen, da? für übliche supratentorielle Gliome im Erwachsenenalter ein 2stufiger Grading-Ansatz mit alleiniger
Unterscheidung eines niedrigen und hohen Malignit?tsgrads zu reproduzierbaren und prognostisch relevanten Informationen führt.
Das entscheidende diagnostische Kriterium sowohl für High-grade-Astrozytome (WHO Glioblastome) als auch für anaplastische
Oligodendrogliome und Oligoastroazytome sind Endothelhyperplasien bzw. -proliferate als Zeichen einer in Gang gekommenen Neoangiogenese.
Diese ist in der Regel mit einer Kontrastmittelaufnahme in den bildgebenden Verfahren korreliert. Daher hat es sich sehr bew?hrt,
wenn zur histopathologischen Untersuchung eines Gliomresektats bzw. -biopsats die neuroradiologischen Bilder (CCT, KST nativ
und nach Kontrastmittelgabe) vorliegen oder zumindest das neuroradiologische Untersuchungsergebnis bekannt ist.
Meningeome: Jene rezidivgef?hrdeten Meningeome, die sowohl feingeweblich als auch prognostisch eine Zwischenstellung zwischen üblichen
und anaplastischen Meningeomen einnehmen, sind als sog. atypische Meningeome (WHO-Grad II) in die revidierte Fassung der
WHO Klassifikation aufgenommen worden. Mit morphometrisch ermittelten kernfl?chenbezogenen Ki-67 Indizes konnte dieser intermedi?re
Typ n?her eingegrenzt und histologisch besser definiert werden. Da rezidivgef?hrdete Meningeome als h?ufigste progressionsassoziierte
Ver?nderung einen distalen Stückverlust am kurzen Arm eines Chromosoms 1 (1p-) zeigen, lie? sich eine Screening-Methode mit
der gewebeunspezifischen Form der Alkalischen Phosphatase als Markerenzym etablieren. Die Diagnose eines Meningeoms vom intermedi?ren
Typ bedeutet, da? engmaschigere postoperative Verlaufskontrollen zur frühzeitigen Erfassung eines „Rezidivs” erfolgen sollten.
相似文献
5.
Otoconin-90, the mammalian otoconial matrix protein, contains two domains of homology to secretory phospholipase A2 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5 下载免费PDF全文
Yunxia Wang Paul E. Kowalski Isolde Thalmann David M. Ornitz Dixie L. Mager Rudiger Thalmann 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》1998,95(26):15345-15350
The ability to sense orientation relative to gravity requires dense particles, called otoconia, which are localized in the vestibular macular organs. In mammals, otoconia are composed of proteins (otoconins) and calcium carbonate crystals in a calcite lattice. Little is known about the mechanisms that regulate otoconial biosynthesis. To begin to elucidate these mechanisms, we have partially sequenced and cloned the major protein component of murine otoconia, otoconin-90 (OC90). The amino acid sequence identified an orphan chimeric human cDNA. Because of its similarity to secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2), this gene was referred to as PLA2-like (PLA2L) and enabled the identification of human Oc90. Partial murine cDNA and genomic clones were isolated and shown to be specifically expressed in the developing mouse otocyst. The mature mouse OC90 is composed of 453 residues and contains two domains homologous to sPLA2. The cloning of Oc90 will allow an examination of the role of this protein in otoconial biosynthesis and in diseases that affect the vestibular system. 相似文献
6.
Claudia Schnabel Kimberly Jett Jan M. Friedman Isolde Frieling Hans-Peter Kruse Victor Mautner 《Joint, bone, spine : revue du rhumatisme》2013,80(3):315-319
ObjectivesWe have previously demonstrated reduced bone density and an increased incidence of 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 (25-OH D3) deficiency in adults with neurofibromatosis 1 (NF1) compared to healthy controls. Vitamin D3 is a cheap, safe, and effective supplement in the general population, but its value in NF1 patients has not been demonstrated. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of oral vitamin D3 on bone mineral density (BMD) in NF1 patients with vitamin D3 deficiency.MethodsWe measured serum 25-OH D3, parathyroid hormone, calcium, and bone alkaline phosphatase concentrations, urinary deoxypyridinoline concentrations, and BMD in 35 adults with NF1. Nineteen patients received vitamin D3 supplementation for 2 years, six patients received supplementation for 1 year and 10 patients received no supplementation. Supplementation was administered in a dose that maintained the serum 25-OH D3 level above 30 μg/l. BMD was measured again at 1 and 2 years, and biochemical assessments of bone metabolism were measured at least every half year during therapy.ResultsTreated subjects had significantly reduced loss of BMD, as measured by T score at the hip (p = 0.011) and lumbar spine (p = 0.022). The effect on hip BMD was apparent at 1 year in comparison to baseline (p = 0.02) and was greater at 2 years in comparison to measurements at 1 year (p = 0.02).ConclusionsVitamin D3 supplementation improves BMD in adult NF1 patients. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms responsible for reduced BMD in NF1 patients. 相似文献
7.
Oxytocin (OT) inhibits the uptake of serotonin (5HT) into uterine mast cells. This may modulate 5HT bioavailability in the
myometrium. Because 5HT is an important endogenous uterotonic compound, it has been postulated that this effect of OT may
contribute to its potency as a labor inducer. This also predicts the presence of oxytocin receptors (OTRs) and transducing
signals that will interact with 5HT transporters (SERT) in mast cells. In this study, OTR and SERT were characterized in murine
peritoneal mast cells by radioligandbinding studies. Saturation assays for OTR showed no changes in K
d
along the estrous cycle (6.95±2.76 nM in estrus and 4.07±1.73 nM in diestrus) but an increase in B
max in estrus (0.71±0.08 pmol/106 cells and 0.37±0.05 pmol/106 cells in estrus and diestrus, respectively). B
max and K
d
for SERT were not affected along the estrous cycle.
The signaling between the OTR and the SERT was analyzed by measuring the extent of inhibition of OT and PMA (activator of
protein kinase C on 5HT uptake and the capability of Ro318220 (specific inhibitor of PKC) to increase 5HT uptake and block
the effect of the above compounds in mast cells. The results showed that in murine peritoneal mast cells in vitro (1) ovarian
hormones modulate OTR but not SERT expression, (2) the magnitude of OT action on 5HT uptake depends on the number of OTRs
expressed in mast cells, and (3) the signaling between OTR and the SERT is mediated through the activation of protein kinase
C. It is concluded that the ovarian hormones have a modulatory action on 5HT uptake which involves OT-mediated mechanism. 相似文献
8.
Pak Cheung R. Chan Mary Rozmanc Isolde Seiden-Long Jason Kwan 《Clinical biochemistry》2009,42(10-11):1104-1112
ObjectiveTo evaluate the performance of the StatStrip? glucose meter from Nova Biomedical for use in complex tertiary care facilities.MethodsPerformance evaluation was conducted in 6 clinical locations involving nurse end-users. Imprecision (CV) < 5% was considered acceptable. Ten substances were examined for potential analytical interferences at two levels and 3 glucose concentrations. Inaccuracy was determined by 386 paired glucose differences between glucose meter and laboratory reference analyses. Acceptability was based on CSLI/ISO15197 criteria. Potential clinical impact was classified under a 5-level severity scheme.ResultsImprecision varied from CV 2.4 to 4.9%. Significant interference was observed only for free hemoglobin at 10 g/L. 97% of paired glucose meter-laboratory differences met CSLI/ISO15197 criteria. All discrepant results had low severity scores.ConclusionThe StatStrip? glucose meter demonstrated acceptable imprecision and inaccuracy, and was relatively free from common interferences. It should be a good candidate for general use in complex tertiary care facilities. 相似文献
9.
10.