全文获取类型
收费全文 | 805篇 |
免费 | 69篇 |
国内免费 | 3篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1篇 |
儿科学 | 75篇 |
妇产科学 | 18篇 |
基础医学 | 82篇 |
口腔科学 | 47篇 |
临床医学 | 77篇 |
内科学 | 158篇 |
皮肤病学 | 7篇 |
神经病学 | 19篇 |
特种医学 | 16篇 |
外科学 | 187篇 |
综合类 | 28篇 |
预防医学 | 36篇 |
眼科学 | 47篇 |
药学 | 58篇 |
肿瘤学 | 21篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 5篇 |
2022年 | 13篇 |
2021年 | 31篇 |
2020年 | 10篇 |
2019年 | 27篇 |
2018年 | 37篇 |
2017年 | 25篇 |
2016年 | 17篇 |
2015年 | 19篇 |
2014年 | 22篇 |
2013年 | 22篇 |
2012年 | 33篇 |
2011年 | 58篇 |
2010年 | 22篇 |
2009年 | 26篇 |
2008年 | 47篇 |
2007年 | 48篇 |
2006年 | 52篇 |
2005年 | 30篇 |
2004年 | 26篇 |
2003年 | 27篇 |
2002年 | 31篇 |
2001年 | 16篇 |
2000年 | 20篇 |
1999年 | 14篇 |
1998年 | 4篇 |
1997年 | 5篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 5篇 |
1994年 | 4篇 |
1992年 | 19篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 10篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1985年 | 6篇 |
1984年 | 4篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 8篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 8篇 |
1974年 | 9篇 |
1973年 | 11篇 |
1972年 | 6篇 |
1970年 | 3篇 |
1967年 | 3篇 |
1966年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有877条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Haya Mohammed BSc MChB M. Yousuf Salmasi MRCS Massimo Caputo PhD Gianni D. Angelini PhD Hunaid A. Vohra PhD 《Journal of cardiac surgery》2020,35(6):1209-1219
Background
Limited data exists demonstrating the efficacy of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) compared to median sternotomy (MS) for multiple valvular disease (MVD). This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to compare operative and peri-operative outcomes of MIS vs MS in MVD.Methods
PubMed, Ovid, and Embase were searched from inception until August 2019 for randomized and observational studies comparing MIS and MS in patients with MVD. Clinical outcomes of intra- and postoperative times, reoperation for bleeding and surgical site infection were evaluated.Results
Five observational studies comparing 340 MIS vs 414 MS patients were eligible for qualitative and quantitative review. The quality of evidence assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale was good for all included studies. Meta-analysis demonstrated increased cardiopulmonary bypass time for MIS patients (weighted mean difference [WMD], 0.487; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.365-0.608; P < .0001). Similarly, aortic cross-clamp time was longer in patients undergoing MIS (WMD, 0.632; 95% CI, 0.509-0.755; P < .0001). No differences were found in operative mortality, reoperation for bleeding, surgical site infection, or hospital stay.Conclusions
MIS for MVD have similar short-term outcomes compared to MS. This adds value to the use of minimally invasive methods for multivalvular surgery, despite conferring longer operative times. However, the paucity in literature and learning curve associated with MIS warrants further evidence, ideally randomized control trials, to support these findings.2.
3.
4.
M. M. Vohra 《Inflammation research》1981,11(3):208-214
Histamine, specific H1-and H2-receptor agonists in conjunction with specific H1-and H2-receptor antagonists and other types of classical antagonists were used to characterize histamine receptors in the vasa deferentia of mice, rats and guinea pigs. The H1-receptor mediates contraction while the H2-receptor produces inhibition. There were marked qualitative and quantitative differences in the distribution of the two types of histamine receptors in the vas deferens of different species. Results indicate that mouse and rat vas deferens contain an inhibitory H2-receptor, but virtually no excitatory H1-receptor. In contrast, guinea pig vas deferens contained an excitatory H1-receptor but was essentially devoid of an inhibitory H2-receptor. The rank order of relative potencies of various agonists as well as the calculated pA
2 values of cimetidine in the mouse and rat vas deferens suggest that the two species probably have the same H2-receptor. High concentrations of histamine and 2-methyl histamine have a stimulant action in the mouse and rat vas deferens which was secondary to release of endogenous noradrenaline rather than to the stimulation of an excitatory H1-receptor. 相似文献
5.
M. M. Vohra 《Inflammation research》1979,9(4):319-326
The effect of histamine on adrenergic neurotransmission in the mouse isolated vas deferens preparation was investigated. Concentrations of histamine ranging from 0.2 to 650 M depressed, in a dose-related manner, not only the contractile response elicited by field stimulation but also the response caused by the addition of exogenous noradrenaline and acetylcholine. However, the release of [3H]-NA evoked by field stimulation or by high K+ remained unchanged in the presence of these concentrations of histamine. The inhibitory effect of histamine on the contractile responses caused by various stimuli was reduced or completely antagonized by cimetidine, a histamine H2-receptor antagonist but not by mepyramine, a conventional antihistamine. The inhibitory effect of histamine was found to be inversely proportional to both the Ca2+ concentration in the bathing medium and to the frequency of field stimulation. Further, the inhibitory effect of histamine was markedly reduced when Mg2+ was omitted from the bathing medium. It is concluded that the mouse vas deferens preparation contains a post-junctional inhibitory H2-receptor. The stimulation of H2-receptors by histamine inhibits the contractile response of the vas deferens, possibly by decreasing the availability of Ca2+ required for contraction by depressing the influx of Ca2+. 相似文献
6.
In order to understand the mechanism of unresponsiveness towards Mycobacterium leprae antigens in leprosy, we evaluated the role of M. leprae sonicate antigens in regulating the expression of the costimulatory molecules B7-1, CD28, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), LFA-1α, LFA-1β and Mac-1 on the lymphocytes of both leprosy patients and healthy subjects. It was observed that the expression of B7-1 and CD28 was significantly decreased but the levels of ICAM-1 and LFA-1α were increased in patients with untreated borderline leprosy (BL)/lepromatous leprosy (LL) disease. No remarkable change was noticed in the case of borderline tuberculoid (BT) leprosy or treated BL/LL patients. Further, a striking finding was that lymphocytes from healthy subjects cultured with a particularly high dose of M. leprae sonicate antigens down-regulated the expression of B7-1 and CD28 molecules, but up-regulated the display of ICAM-1 and LFA-1α. Furthermore, proliferation induced by M. leprae sonicate was inhibited only by anti-B7-1 antibody. Mycobacterium leprae antigen-induced suppression of the proliferation of lymphocytes of healthy volunteers and LL patients was reversed by culturing the lymphocytes with purified protein derivative (PPD). It may be concluded from the findings in this study that down regulation of B7-1 and CD28 in BL/LL leprosy patients may be responsible for a defective T cell signalling by the B7-1/CD28 pathway caused by M. leprae antigens. This may lead to clonal inactivation of M. leprae-reactive T cells, consequently the bacilli grow without restriction in macrophages. 相似文献
7.
Verma AK Vohra A Maitra A Banerjee M Singh R Mittal SK Bharadwaj V Batra V Bhatia A Aggarwal P 《Indian journal of pediatrics》1995,62(6):725-729
Of 613 children evaluated in a village in Haryana 94 (15.3%) were observed to have chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM).
Fifty eight (61.7%) children had hearing impairment. CSOM contributed to 71.6% of the hearing impaired (58/81). On analysis
of association of CSOM with literacy and socio-economic status of mothers, and age, sex, and upper respiratory tract infections
(URI) in children positive correlation was observed only with URIs (P<0.001).
Literacy and socio-economic status of the mothers did not correlate significantly with knowledge about treatment seeking,
and ear cleaning practices, probably due to the narrow range of incomes and literacy levels. An intervention program consisting
of play, demonstrations, health charts and slogans, and aural cleaning and antibiotic drops was introduced. 相似文献
8.
9.
Sotirios G. Zarogiannis Aristotelis S. Filippidis Solana Fernandez Asta Jurkuvenaite Namasivayam Ambalavanan Andrei Stanishevsky Yogesh K. Vohra Sadis Matalon 《Respiratory physiology & neurobiology》2013,185(2):454-460
Titanium dioxide engineered nanoparticles (nano-TiO2) are widely used in the manufacturing of a number of products. Due to their size (<100 nm), when inhaled they may be deposited in the distal lung regions and damage Clara cells. We investigated the mechanisms by which short-term (1-h) incubation of human airway Clara-like (H441) cells to nano-TiO2 (6 nm in diameter) alters the ability of H441 cells to adhere to extracellular matrix. Our results show that 1 h post-incubation, there was a 3-fold increase of extracellular H2O2, increased intracellular oxidative stress as demonstrated by 2′,7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) oxidation, and a 5-fold increase of phosphor-ERK1/2 as measured by Western blotting. These changes were accompanied by a 25% decrease of H441 adherence to fibronectin (p < 0.05 compared to vehicle incubated H441 cells). Pretreatment with the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 for 3 h, partially prevented this effect. In conclusion, short-term exposure of H441 cells to nano-TiO2 appears to reduce adherence to fibronectin due to oxidative stress and activation of ERK1/2. 相似文献
10.
Electrical and magnetic sensors can be lithographically fabricated on top of diamond substrates and encapsulated in a protective layer of chemical vapor deposited single crystalline diamond. This process when carried out on single crystal diamond anvils employed in high pressure research is termed as designer diamond anvil fabrication. These designer diamond anvils allow researchers to study electrical and magnetic properties of materials under extreme conditions without any possibility of damaging the sensing elements. We describe a novel method for the fabrication of designer diamond anvils with the use of maskless lithography and chemical vapor deposition in this paper. This method can be utilized to produce diamond based sensors which can function in extreme environments of high pressures, high and low temperatures, corrosive and high radiation conditions. We demonstrate applicability of these diamonds under extreme environments by performing electrical resistance measurements during superconducting transition in rare earth doped iron-based compounds under high pressures to 12 GPa and low temperatures to 10 K. 相似文献