全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1030篇 |
免费 | 58篇 |
国内免费 | 22篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 2篇 |
儿科学 | 31篇 |
妇产科学 | 6篇 |
基础医学 | 134篇 |
口腔科学 | 21篇 |
临床医学 | 103篇 |
内科学 | 190篇 |
皮肤病学 | 10篇 |
神经病学 | 73篇 |
特种医学 | 198篇 |
外科学 | 138篇 |
综合类 | 5篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 52篇 |
眼科学 | 10篇 |
药学 | 68篇 |
肿瘤学 | 68篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 6篇 |
2021年 | 15篇 |
2020年 | 9篇 |
2019年 | 21篇 |
2018年 | 16篇 |
2017年 | 17篇 |
2015年 | 17篇 |
2014年 | 15篇 |
2013年 | 33篇 |
2012年 | 45篇 |
2011年 | 58篇 |
2010年 | 35篇 |
2009年 | 34篇 |
2008年 | 55篇 |
2007年 | 56篇 |
2006年 | 30篇 |
2005年 | 32篇 |
2004年 | 23篇 |
2003年 | 19篇 |
2002年 | 11篇 |
2001年 | 24篇 |
2000年 | 18篇 |
1999年 | 13篇 |
1998年 | 41篇 |
1997年 | 46篇 |
1996年 | 32篇 |
1995年 | 31篇 |
1994年 | 22篇 |
1993年 | 14篇 |
1992年 | 11篇 |
1991年 | 16篇 |
1990年 | 12篇 |
1989年 | 26篇 |
1988年 | 31篇 |
1987年 | 22篇 |
1986年 | 25篇 |
1985年 | 30篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 19篇 |
1981年 | 11篇 |
1980年 | 21篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 15篇 |
1975年 | 7篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1966年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1110条查询结果,搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
Golli M; Van Nhieu JT; Mathieu D; Zafrani ES; Cherqui D; Dhumeaux D; Vasile N; Rahmouni A 《Radiology》1994,190(3):741
4.
5.
MGC Hendriks P Dogterom JT Ebels B Oosterhuis LR Geertsema T Hulot G Bianchetti and JHG Jonkman 《Fundamental & clinical pharmacology》1998,12(5):559-565
Summary— In the present study we have compared the steady state biopharmaceutic characteristics of four diltiazem once daily controlled release capsules: Mono-Tildiem LP 300® (300 mg), Adizem® XL (300 mg)1, Cardizem® (300 mg) and Dilacor® (240 mg). Sixteen healthy male volunteers (aged 22.9 ± 3.3 years, range 19–31 years) completed an open label, multiple oral dose, randomized, four-period crossover study without a washout period in between. The volunteers received each diltiazem formulation once daily for four days. Trough diltiazem and metabolites plasma concentrations were determined on days 3 and 4. The 24-h plasma concentration-time profiles were assessed after the dose on day 4 of each period. The following steady state pharmacokinetic parameters for diltiazem were calculated: the minimum plasma concentration (cmin), the maximum plasma concentration (cmax), the time to reach that concentration (tmax), the time interval during which the plasma concentration exceeds 50% of cmax (t50), the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC72–96) and the peak-to-trough fluctuation (PTF). For the metabolites of diltiazem, N-mono-desmethyl-diltiazem (NDM) and desacetyldiltiazem (DAD), AUC72–96 (AUCNDM and AUCDAD) and the ratio metabolite/parent compound were calculated. Steady state was achieved on day 3. Except one, all controlled release formulations have satisfactory controlled release properties allowing once daily administration. However, significant (P < 0.05) differences were found between the pharmacokinetic characteristics which do not allow exchange of the various formulations. Concentrations well below 50 ng·mL-1 in the morning hours were observed for Dilacor® (240 mg) and Adizem® XL (300 mg), which could be a disadvantage of these formulations as it is well-known that ischaemic events occur at a higher rate during that part of the day. The plasma concentration profiles of NDM and DAD, the major circulating metabolites, parallel the plasma concentration profiles for the parent compound. From a clinical point of view, all treatments were well tolerated. 相似文献
6.
Intestinal obstruction proximal to a transition zone without an interposed physical barrier usually indicates Hirschsprung disease. The authors report one case of focal small bowel muscular thinning just distal to a transition zone that produced clinical and radiographic findings that simulated long-segment Hirschsprung disease in a 2-day-old infant. 相似文献
7.
Development of hatching blastocysts from immature human oocytes following in-vitro maturation and fertilization using a co-culture system 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
Hwu YM; Lee RK; Chen CP; Su JT; Chen YW; Lin SP 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(7):1916-1921
Recently, in-vitro maturation (IVM) of immature human oocytes recovered
from non-stimulated follicles has been applied in the treatment of
infertility. However, in previous reports, very few embryos cultured in
conventional medium have reached the expanded blastocyst stage following
in-vitro maturation and fertilization (IVM/IVF). The objective of this
study was to investigate whether the developmental competence of human
embryos following IVM/IVF could be enhanced by the use of a human ampullary
cell co-culture system. Immature human oocytes were aspirated from small
follicles at Caesarean section and then cultured in medium containing human
menopausal gonadotrophin for 36 to 48 h, followed by insemination. Zygotes
were randomly cultured either in conventional culture medium alone or in
the co-culture system. Of 48 embryos cultured in conventional medium alone,
all arrested at the 2-16- cell stage on day 3 after insemination. Of 46
embryos cultured in the co-culture system, 26 embryos (56.5%) arrested at
the 2-16-cell stage. Six embryos (13%) developed to the morula stage.
Fourteen embryos (30.4%) developed to expanded blastocysts and two
blastocysts were hatching on day 7 after insemination. We conclude that
co-culture significantly enhances the development of blastocysts in embryos
resulting from IVM/IVF.
相似文献
8.
Ultrastructural characteristics of carcinogen-induced nondysplastic changes in tracheal epithelium 总被引:2,自引:3,他引:2 下载免费PDF全文
A J Klein-Szanto D C Topping C A Heckman P Nettesheim 《The American journal of pathology》1980,98(1):61-82
Nondysplastic hypotrophic and metaplastic epithelial alterations induced by dimethylbenz(a)anthracene in isogenic tracheal transplants were studied by light and electron microscopy 3--24 months after cessation of a 4-week carcinogen exposure. Hypotrophic epithelium observed at all time points was characterized by the presence of nonciliated cells that adopted either cuboidal or squamous shapes, forming simple or bistratified epithelia. Most of these cells, as well as some metaplastic cells, exhibited features of mucin-secreting cells. The metaplastic epithelia showed nonkeratinizing squamous metaplasia, closely related to transitional metaplasia, and keratinizing squamous metaplasia, which presented either an atrophic or an acanthotic epithelium. Although many of these epithelia showed morphologic features of normal stratified epithelia, several nonkeratinizing squamous metaplasias and acanthotic keratinizing squamous metaplasias exhibited some irregularities, probably representing very early atypical ultrastructural features (ie, perinuclear concentration of tonofilament bundles, the presence of dark and clear basal epithelial cells, interruptions and alterations of the basal lamina). These features were not observed in a group of early squamous metaplasias studied for comparative purposes 2 weeks after cessation of dimethylbenz(a)anthracene exposure, which were characterized by a combination of degenerative phenomena and increased cell proliferation. 相似文献
9.
Spinal motoneurons can exhibit bistable behavior, which consists of stable self-sustained firing that is initiated by a brief excitatory input and terminated by brief inhibitory input. This bistable behavior is generated by a persistent inward current (I(PIC)). In cat motoneurons with low input conductances and slow axonal conduction velocities, I(PIC) exhibits little decay with time and thus self-sustained firing is long-lasting. In contrast, in cells that have high input conductances and fast conduction velocities, I(PIC) decays with time, and these cells cannot maintain long duration self-sustained firing. An alternative way to measure bistable behavior is to assess plateau potentials after the action potential has been blocked by intracellular injection of QX-314 to block sodium (Na(+)) currents. However, QX-314 also blocks calcium (Ca(2+)) currents and, because I(PIC) may be generated by a mixture of Ca(2+) and Na(+) currents, a reduction in amplitude of I(PIC) was expected. We therefore systematically compared the properties of I(PIC) in a sample of cells recorded with QX-314 to a control sample of cells without QX-314, which was obtained in a previous study. Single-electrode voltage-clamp techniques were applied in spinal motoneurons in the decerebrate cat preparation following administration of a standardized dose of the noradrenergic alpha1 agonist methoxamine. In the sample with QX-314, the average value of I(PIC) was only about half that in the control sample. However, the reduction of I(PIC) was much greater in cells with slow as compared with fast conduction velocities. Because a substantial portion of I(PIC) originates in dendritic regions and because conduction velocity covaries with the extent of the dendritic tree, this result suggests that QX-314 may fail to diffuse very far into the dendrites of the largest motoneurons. The analysis of the decay of I(PIC) and plateau potentials in cells with QX-314 also produced an unexpected result: QX-314 virtually eliminated time-dependent decay in both I(PIC) and plateau potentials. Consequently, I(PIC) became equally persistent in high and low input conductance cells. Therefore the decay in I(PIC) in high input conductance cells in the absence of QX-314 is not due to an intrinsic tendency of the underlying inward current to decay. Instead it is possible that the decay may result from activation of a slow outward current. Overall, these results show that QX-314 has a profound effect on I(PIC) and thus plateau potentials obtained using QX-314 do not accurately reflect the properties of I(PIC) in normal cells without QX-314. 相似文献
10.
The ratio of 2nd to 4th digit length: a predictor of sperm numbers and concentrations of testosterone, luteinizing hormone and oestrogen 总被引:19,自引:2,他引:19
Manning JT; Scutt D; Wilson J; Lewis-Jones DI 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(11):3000-3004
The differentiation of the urinogenital system and the appendicular
skeleton in vertebrates is under the control of Hox genes. The common
control of digit and gonad differentiation raises the possibility that
patterns of digit formation may relate to spermatogenesis and hormonal
concentrations. This work was concerned with the ratio between the length
of the 2nd and 4th digit (2D:4D) in humans. We showed that (i) 2D:4D in
right and left hands has a sexually dimorphic pattern; in males mean 2D:4D
= 0.98, i.e. the 4th digit tended to be longer than the 2nd and in females
mean 2D:4D = 1.00, i.e. the 2nd and 4th digits tended to be of equal
length. The dimorphism is present from at least age 2 years and 2D:4D is
probably established in utero; (ii) high 2D:4D ratio in right hands was
associated with germ cell failure in men (P = 0.04); (iii) sperm number was
negatively related to 2D:4D in the right hand (P = 0.004); (iv) in men
testosterone concentrations were negatively related to right hand 2D:4D and
in women and men LH (right hand), oestrogen (right and left hands) and
prolactin (right hand) concentrations were positively correlated with 2D:4D
ratio and (v) 2D:4D ratio in right hands remained positively related to
luteinizing hormone and oestrogen after controlling for sex, age, height
and weight.
相似文献