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1.
Simultaneous inhibition of multiple steps in the processing of N-linked oligosaccharides does not impair immunoglobulin secretion from rat hybridoma cells.
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The effects of inhibiting selected pairs of oligosaccharide-processing activities upon the secretion of IgM and IgG molecules have been investigated. In the presence of castanospermine (CSP) plus swainsonine (SW) or deoxynojirimycin (dNM) plus deoxymannojirimycin (dMM), secretion of IgM and IgG from rat hybridoma cells was unimpaired relative to control cultures. The structures of the N-linked oligosaccharides found on the Ig heavy chains isolated from treated cells or culture supernatants were shown to be qualitatively different from those associated with control Ig by persistent sensitivity to digestion by endo H. Furthermore, the electrophoretic mobilities of mu and gamma chains on SDS-PAGE derived from treated cells were consistently slower than those of control heavy chains. IgM and IgG were also efficiently secreted when all glucosidase and mannosidase activities were blocked, and the secreted heavy chains bore endo H-sensitive oligosaccharides. The data suggest that Ig secretion from hybridomas can proceed in the absence of N-linked oligosaccharide processing. 相似文献
2.
Binge eating disorder (BED), characterized by ingestion of very large meals without purging afterwards, is found in a subset of obese individuals. We showed previously that stomach capacity is greater in obese than in lean subjects, and in this study, we investigated capacity in obese individuals with BED. We also determined ad-libitum intake of a test meal until extremely full. Furthermore, we measured various appetitive hormones (insulin, leptin, glucagon, CCK, ghrelin) and glucose before a fixed meal and for 120 min afterwards. An acetaminophen tracer was used to assess gastric emptying rate. We compared three groups of overweight women: 11 BED, 13 BE (subthreshold BED), and 13 non-binge-eating normals. The BED individuals had the largest stomach capacity as assessed by either maximum volume tolerated (P=.05) or by gastric compliance to pressure (P=.02) using an intragastric balloon. Although test meal intake did not differ between groups, it correlated (P=.03) with gastric capacity. The BED group showed a tendency (P=.06) to have greater area under the curve (AUC) and had higher values at 5 and 60 min (P<.05) for insulin compared to normals. Moreover, the BED subjects had lower ghrelin baselines premeal, and lower AUC for ghrelin, which then declined less postmeal than for the normals (P<.05). None of the other blood values differed, including glucose, leptin glucagon, and CCK, as well as acetaminophen, reflecting gastric emptying. The lower ghrelin in BED, although contrary to what was expected, is consistent with lower ghrelin in obesity, and suggests down-regulation of ghrelin by overeating. The lack of differences in CCK is consistent with the lack of differences in gastric emptying rate, given that CCK is released when nutrients reach the intestine. The results show that BED subjects have a large gastric capacity as well as abnormalities in meal-related ghrelin and insulin patterns that may be factors in binge eating. 相似文献
3.
Ananth Shanmugam Christiane Copie-Bergman George Hashim Danielle Rebibo Jean Philippe Jais Jean-Francois Bach Marie Anne Bach Elisabeth Tournier-Lasserve 《European journal of immunology》1994,24(10):2299-2303
The T cell response against myelin basic protein (MBP) has been extensively studied in humans because of its putative role in the pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). Higher concordance rates in monozygous twins as well as an increased risk in relatives suggest the role of genetic factors in MS susceptibility. Very little is known about the shaping of T cell repertoire towards self antigens in humans and their contribution to disease susceptibility in autoimmune disorders. Here we report the comparative T cell epitope recognition patterns towards the MBP auto-antigen in healthy identical twins. We have established MBP-specific T cell lines from eight sets of twins and characterized their fine epitope specificity. Intra-pair comparison showed the co-existence of shared as well as distinct epitopes in six of eight pairs and a complete absence of concordant epitope recognition within two other pairs. These findings indicate that important differences in T cell repertoires against a self antigen may be observed between genetically identical healthy individuals, rendering difficult the interpretation of the differences which may be observed between identical twins discordant for an autoimmune disease. 相似文献
4.
A retrospective study of anaemia in pregnancy in rural Kelantan was conducted. The study sample consist of 9,860 mothers who had antenatal care at one of the 102 rural health clinics selected and had delivered a live baby. Anaemia in pregnancy was determined by reviewing the antenatal records for the haemoglobin level recorded at the first and last antenatal visit. Estimation of haemoglobin was done either by photocalorimetric methods or the Sahli's method in these rural clinics. At the time of booking, 47.5% of the mothers were anaemic by WHO criteria (Hb < 11.0 g/dl), with 1.9% having less than 9.0 g/dl. Age of mother, parity and late gestational age at the first antenatal visit were associated with anaemia during pregnancy at the time of booking. However, practise of contraception by the mother did not show any association with anaemia in pregnancy. There were 594 mothers (6.0%) who delivered a baby weighing less than 2.5 kg. There was no association between the low birth weight of the child and the status of anaemia in the mother at the last antenatal visit. 相似文献
5.
Food consumption of 50 female students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia was recorded for 7 days. Foods and drinks most frequently consumed were selected for analysis of iron, zinc, copper and lead content. The mean daily intakes of energy, protein, carbohydrate and fat among the students are 6.5±1.4 MJ (1550±335 kcal), 59.8±18.5g, 227.1±54.6 g and 46.0±11.5 g respectively. This diet contributed 19.6-6.4 mg Fe, 7.0-2.0 mg Zn and 1.6-0.6 mg Cu per day which were lower than the Malaysian RDA for Fe and US RDA for Zn, while Cu is within the recommended range. The main sources of these minerals in the student's diet were rice, rice products, meat and animal products. Lead concentration in the diet (134±77 ug/day) is below the acceptable daily intake (ADI) value suggested by Codex Alimentarius Commission (1984). This study indicated concern regarding the low intake of the essential trace elements on long term basis among the students. 相似文献
6.
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the safety and feasibility of MR-guided percutaneous nephrostomy of the nondilated contrast-enhanced upper urinary tract in a porcine model. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Six MR-guided percutaneous nephrostomies of the nondilated upper urinary tract were performed in four domestic farm pigs (body weight range, 20-25 kg) using a 0.2-T system. Ten minutes after IV administration of 0.2 mmol/kg of gadodiamide and 0.4 mg/kg of furosemide, a fast T1-weighted sequence was used to guide insertion of an 18-gauge MR-compatible needle into a predetermined calix. After confirmation of needle position using a turbo spin-echo T1-weighted sequence, a 0.035-inch catheter coated with superparamagnetic iron oxide was inserted during MR monitoring. Insertion was followed by tract dilatation and insertion of a 4-French sheath. The final position of the sheath was confirmed by injection of diluted superparamagnetic iron oxide into the collecting system. RESULTS: Needle insertion was successful for all six procedures, with no complications. Instrumentation time ranged from 4 to 13 min (mean, 6+/-4 min). Sheath placement was successful in five of six kidneys. Placement time ranged from 6 to 28 min (mean, 16+/-9 min). CONCLUSION: MR-guided percutaneous nephrostomy of the nondilated contrast-enhanced upper urinary tract in a porcine model is feasible and safe. 相似文献
7.
Congenital diaphragmatic hernia through the foramen of Bochdalek may present after infancy. A 21/2-year-old Malay girl presented with acute respiratory distress. Chest examination showed reduced chest expansion and decreased breath sounds on the left side. Chest radiograph showed a large "cyst" in the left chest, which was thought to be a lung cyst under tension. Tube thoracostomy resulted in clinical improvement. Results of a barium study showed that the cyst perforated by the thoracostomy tube was the stomach, which had herniated through a Bochdalek diaphragmatic defect. Surgical repair of the diaphragmatic defect and closure of the perforated stomach was performed successfully. Congenital diaphragmatic hernia should be included in the differential diagnosis of respiratory distress in young children. Nasogastric tube placement must be considered as an early diagnostic or therapeutic intervention when the diagnosis is suspected. 相似文献
8.
H. Abdul-Khaliq M. Vogel P. Ewert N. Nagdyman P. E. Lange 《Monatsschrift für Kinderheilkunde》1997,145(10):1071-1075
Zusammenfassung
Fragestellung: Ausgehend von eigenen Erfahrungen mit der 3dimensionalen Echokardiographie wurde versucht, auch ultrasonographische transfontanelle
Studien 3dimensional zu rekonstruieren und auf ihren Informationsgehalt zu untersuchen.
Methode: Es wurden 16 Neugeborene und S?uglinge (Alter 4 Tage – 3 Monate, Median 12 Tage) untersucht. Ein konventioneller 5-MHz-Schallkopf
wurde auf der anterioren Fontanelle plaziert und von einem computergesteuerten Motor im inneren Lumen eines offenen Zylinders
um 180° um seine vertikale Achse gedreht. Bei jeder Drehung um jeweils 1° wurde eine Schicht des Gehirns aufgenommen, so da?
180 Schichten erhalten wurden, welche den 3dimensionalen Datensatz bilden. Innerhalb des Datensatzes k?nnen beliebig im Raum
orientierte Schnittebenen rekonstruiert werden.
Ergebnisse: Bei allen Patienten gelang es, Datens?tze aufzunehmen, welche qualitativ so gut waren, da? sie sp?ter 3dimensional rekonstruiert
werden konnten. Die Daten konnten ohne Sedierung und in weniger als 60 s aufgenommen werden. Rekonstruktionen des Gehirns
dauerten 2–33 min. Es konnten neue transversale Schnittebenen des Sch?dels rekonstruiert werden, welche bisher nicht erh?ltlich
waren. Neue Informationen konnten über subarachnoidal gelegene Hirnl?sionen sowie die r?umliche Ausdehnung von Parenchymblutungen
gewonnen werden.
Schlu?folgerungen: Dieses neue bildgebende Verfahren k?nnte in Zukunft quantitative und qualitative diagnostische Informationen der herk?mmlichen
Ultrasonographie verbessern.
相似文献
9.
Abdelaal MA Hashim IA Zawawi TH Felimban SK Sobhi EM Jeje O Oni GA 《Irish journal of medical science》2000,169(1):55-57
Background
Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), one of the haemopoietic growth factors, has rarely been detected in human serum. It has, therefore, been suggested that a paracrine model can explain its behaviour where the substance is produced and acts locally. An alternative explanation might be due to blood sampling time with GM-CSF concentrations undetectable at the nadir of secretion. 相似文献10.
Evaluation of a method to determine the natural occurrence of aflatoxins in commercial traditional herbal medicines from Malaysia and Indonesia 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
N. Ali N.H. Hashim B. Saad K. Safan M. Nakajima T. Yoshizawa 《Food and chemical toxicology》2005,43(12):1763-1772
Traditional herbal medicines, popularly known as ‘jamu’ and ‘makjun’ in Malaysia and Indonesia, are consumed regularly to promote health. In consideration of their frequent and prolonged consumption, the natural occurrence of aflatoxins (AF) in these products was determined using immunoaffinity column clean-up and high-performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization. The evaluated method, which entails dilution of sample extracts with Tween 20–phosphate buffered saline (1:9, v/v) and a chromatographic system using isocratic mobile phase composed of water–methanol–acetonitrile (70:20:10, v/v/v), was effective in separating AFB1, AFG1 and AFG2 from interference at their retention times. Results were confirmed using post-column derivatization with photochemical reactor. For 23 commercial samples analyzed, mean levels (incidence) of AFB1, AFB2 and AFG1 in positive samples were 0.26 (70%), 0.07 (61%) and 0.10 (30%) μg/kg, respectively; one sample was positive for AFG2 at a level of 0.03 (4%) μg/kg. In contrast to the high levels of AF in crude herbal drugs and medicinal plants reported previously by other researchers, the low contamination levels reported in this study may be attributed to the higher selectivity to AF of the method applied. Based on the AFB1 levels and the daily consumption of positive samples, a mean probable daily intake of 0.022 ng/kg body weight was calculated. 相似文献