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1.
Ittel TH; Steinhausen C; Kislinger G; Kinzel S; Nolte E; Sieberth HG 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1997,12(7):1369-1375
BACKGROUND: Developments in accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) now permit
the determination of femtogram amounts of 26Al in blood and in various
tissues with good precision and free of external contamination. METHODS: In
the present study we used trace quantities of 26Al to investigate the
intestinal absorption and compartmentalization of aluminium in rats with
renal failure (Nx, 5/6 nephrectomy) and in pair- fed controls (C). Single
oral doses of 20 ng 26Al were administered to six animals in each group
and, subsequently, 24-h post-load 26Al was analysed in serum, urine, bone,
liver, and spleen by means of AMS. RESULTS: Serum concentrations of 26Al
were significantly lower in uraemic rats compared to controls, whereas
urinary excretion was comparable (Nx, 7.11 +/- 5.78 pg/day vs C, 9.46 +/-
6.10 pg/day), suggesting a higher fraction of ultrafiltrable serum 26Al in
uraemia. The target tissues of cellular transferrin-mediated 26Al uptake,
liver and spleen, tended to show a larger degree of aluminium accumulation
in controls (0.26 +/- 0.31 pg/g vs Nx, 0.14 +/- 0.10 pg/g and 0.37 +/- 0.27
pg/g vs Nx, 0.25 +/- 0.27 pg/g respectively). In contrast, in bone, a site
of extracellular aluminium deposition, 26Al concentrations were more
elevated in uraemia (1.22 +/- 0.59 pg/g vs C: 0.68 +/- 0.30 pg/g).
Estimated total 26Al accumulation in all measured target tissues was
significantly higher in uraemic rats (28.15 +/- 9.90 pg vs C: 17.03 +/-
7.03 pg) and total recovery of 26Al from tissue and urine was 26.58 +/-
6.74 pg in controls and 35.75 +/- 7.03 pg in uraemic animals, suggesting a
fractional absorption of 0.133% and 0.175% respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our
data suggest that fractional absorption from a dietary level dose of 26Al
is about 0.13%. Compartmentalization occurs in transferrin-dependent target
tissues such as liver and spleen; however, in quantitative terms
extracellular deposition in bone is more important. Uraemia has a
significant effect on the intestinal absorption and compartmentalization of
aluminium. It enhances fractional absorption and increases subsequent
extracellular deposition of aluminium in bone. However, at the same time
uraemia does not increase transferrin-dependent cellular accumulation of
aluminium in liver and spleen.
相似文献
2.
T Gislason M Almqvist G Eriksson A Taube G Boman 《Journal of clinical epidemiology》1988,41(6):571-576
The prevalence of the sleep apnea syndrome (SAS) among Swedish men 30-69 years old was estimated by a two-stage procedure. In the first stage, 4064 questionnaires were mailed to a random sample of a defined population in the municipality of Uppsala. The response rate was almost 80%; 15.6% of the responders were habitual snorers and 5.8% complained of daytime sleepiness. From these, a group of 166 men highly suspected of having SAS was selected. Eventually, 61 of these came for all-night polysomnographic studies, and 15 of these were found to have SAS. On this basis the lower limit of the prevalence of SAS was estimated to be as high as 1.3%. The majority of subjects with the syndrome were in the age group 50-59 years. 相似文献
3.
Hua Qin Brendan T Keenan Diego R Mazzotti Fernando Vaquerizo-Villar Jan F Kraemer Niels Wessel Sergio Tufik Lia Bittencourt Peter A Cistulli Philip de Chazal Kate Sutherland Bhajan Singh Allan I Pack Ning-Hung Chen Ingo Fietze Thorarinn Gislason Steven Holfinger Ulysses J Magalang Thomas Penzel 《Sleep》2021,44(5)
Study ObjectivesPatients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) exhibit heterogeneous heart rate variability (HRV) during wakefulness and sleep. We investigated the influence of OSA severity on HRV parameters during wakefulness in a large international clinical sample.Methods1247 subjects (426 without OSA and 821 patients with OSA) were enrolled from the Sleep Apnea Global Interdisciplinary Consortium. HRV parameters were calculated during a 5-minute wakefulness period with spontaneous breathing prior to the sleep study, using time-domain, frequency-domain and nonlinear methods. Differences in HRV were evaluated among groups using analysis of covariance, controlling for relevant covariates.ResultsPatients with OSA showed significantly lower time-domain variations and less complexity of heartbeats compared to individuals without OSA. Those with severe OSA had remarkably reduced HRV compared to all other groups. Compared to non-OSA patients, those with severe OSA had lower HRV based on SDNN (adjusted mean: 37.4 vs. 46.2 ms; p < 0.0001), RMSSD (21.5 vs. 27.9 ms; p < 0.0001), ShanEn (1.83 vs. 2.01; p < 0.0001), and Forbword (36.7 vs. 33.0; p = 0.0001). While no differences were found in frequency-domain measures overall, among obese patients there was a shift to sympathetic dominance in severe OSA, with a higher LF/HF ratio compared to obese non-OSA patients (4.2 vs. 2.7; p = 0.009).ConclusionsTime-domain and nonlinear HRV measures during wakefulness are associated with OSA severity, with severe patients having remarkably reduced and less complex HRV. Frequency-domain measures show a shift to sympathetic dominance only in obese OSA patients. Thus, HRV during wakefulness could provide additional information about cardiovascular physiology in OSA patients.Clinical Trial Information: A Prospective Observational Cohort to Study the Genetics of Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Associated Co-Morbidities (German Clinical Trials Register - DKRS, DRKS00003966) https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00003966 相似文献
4.
Antibacterial resistance in Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS) from healthy carriers and tonsillitis patients and association with antibacterial sale in the Faroe Islands 下载免费PDF全文
Marita D. Magnussen Shahin Gaini Hannes Gislason Karl G. Kristinsson 《APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica》2016,124(4):327-332
The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial resistance of Streptococcus pyogenes (GAS), and correlate the findings with the sales of erythromycin and tetracycline. General practitioners in the Faroe Islands were recruited to send oropharyngeal swabs. From an ongoing pneumococcal study, nasopharyngeal swabs were sampled from healthy children 0–7 years of age. Erythromycin susceptibility data from Iceland were obtained from the reference laboratory at the Landspitali University Hospital. Susceptibility testing in the Faroe Islands and Iceland was performed according to CLSI methods and criteria. The resistance rate to erythromycin and tetracycline found in patients in the Faroe Islands in 2009/2010 was 6% and 30% respectively. Tetracycline resistance in patients declined significantly from 2009 to 2010 (37–10%, p‐value = 0.006 < 0.05) and differed significantly between age groups (p‐value = 0.03 < 0.05). In Iceland, there was a peak in erythromycin resistance in 2008 (44%) and a substantial decrease in 2009 (5%). Although the prevalence of erythromycin and tetracycline resistance in the Faroe Islands and Iceland may be associated with antimicrobial use, sudden changes can occur with the introduction of new resistant clones. 相似文献
5.
Jawad H. Butt Nikolaj Ihlemann Ole De Backer Lars Søndergaard Eva Havers-Borgersen Gunnar H. Gislason Christian Torp-Pedersen Lars Køber Emil L. Fosbøl 《Journal of the American College of Cardiology》2019,73(13):1646-1655
Background
Patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) are considered at high risk of infective endocarditis (IE). However, data on the risk of IE following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are sparse and limited by the lack of long-term follow-up as well as a direct comparison with patients undergoing SAVR.Objectives
This study sought to investigate the long-term incidence of IE in patients undergoing TAVR and to compare the long-term risk of IE with patients undergoing isolated SAVR.Methods
In this nationwide observational cohort study, all patients undergoing TAVR and isolated SAVR from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2016, with no history of IE and alive at discharge were identified using data from Danish nationwide registries.Results
A total of 2,632 patients undergoing TAVR and 3,777 patients undergoing isolated SAVR were identified. During a mean follow-up of 3.6 years, 115 patients (4.4%) with TAVR and 186 patients (4.9%) with SAVR were admitted with IE. The median time from procedure to IE hospitalization was 352 days (25th to 75th percentile: 133 to 778 days) in the TAVR group and 625 days (25th to 75th percentile: 209 to 1,385 days) in the SAVR group. The crude incidence rates of IE were 1.6 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.4 to 1.9) and 1.2 (95% CI: 1.0 to 1.4) events per 100 person-years in TAVR and SAVR patients, respectively. The cumulative 1-year risk of IE was 2.3% (95% CI: 1.8% to 2.9%) and 1.8% (95% CI: 1.4% to 2.3%) in TAVR and SAVR patients, respectively. Correspondingly, the cumulative 5-year risk of IE was 5.8% (95% CI: 4.7% to 7.0%) and 5.1% (95% CI: 4.4% to 6.0%), respectively. In multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis, TAVR was not associated with a statistically significant different risk of IE compared with SAVR (hazard ratio: 1.12; 95% CI: 0.84 to 1.49).Conclusions
The 5-year incidence of IE following TAVR was 5.8% and not significantly different than the incidence following SAVR. 相似文献6.
7.
Chinn S Jarvis D Melotti R Luczynska C Ackermann-Liebrich U Antó JM Cerveri I de Marco R Gislason T Heinrich J Janson C Künzli N Leynaert B Neukirch F Schouten J Sunyer J Svanes C Vermeire P Wjst M Burney P 《Lancet》2005,365(9471):1629-35; discussion 1600-1
8.
Shams-Eldin Abdulrahman N. Yafasova Adelina Faurschou Mikkel Schou Morten Sun Guoli Gislason Gunnar H. Torp-Pedersen Christian Fosbøl Emil L. Køber Lars Butt Jawad H. 《Clinical rheumatology》2022,41(11):3525-3536
Clinical Rheumatology - Autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus, have been associated with a substantial risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, data on the... 相似文献
9.
Effects of obesity on the association between long‐term sleep apnea treatment and changes in interleukin‐6 levels: the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort 下载免费PDF全文
Brendan T. Keenan Greg Maislin Bryndis Benediktsdottir Sigurdur Juliusson Thorarinn Gislason 《Journal of sleep research》2015,24(2):148-159
The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in interleukin (IL)‐6 and soluble IL‐6 receptor levels in obstructive sleep apnea patients and assess the role of positive airway pressure treatment and obesity on these changes. A total of 309 newly diagnosed subjects with sleep apnea from the Icelandic Sleep Apnea Cohort were referred for treatment and reassessed at a 2‐year follow‐up. Full treatment was defined objectively as use ≥4 h day?1 and ≥20 days month?1. At the 2‐year follow‐up, there were 177 full users, 44 partial users and 88 non‐users. The mean change in biomarker levels from baseline to the 2‐year follow‐up was assessed in a primary model that included adjustment for baseline biomarker levels, baseline body mass index and change in body mass index, as well as after adjustment for numerous relevant covariates. No significant overall difference in IL‐6 level change was found among full, partial and non‐users. However, in severely obese patients (body mass index ≥35), a significant increase in IL‐6 levels during the 2‐year period was found in partial and non‐users, compared to no change in full users. Results were attenuated in a smaller propensity score matched subsample, although similar trends were observed. No differences were found in soluble IL‐6 receptor levels between full users and non‐users, after adjustment for confounders. In conclusion, among untreated obese sleep apnea patients, IL‐6 levels increase substantially during 2 years, while adherence to positive airway pressure treatment may prevent further increases in this inflammatory biomarker. 相似文献